全国卷高三英语专题七选五解题技巧_中学教育-高考.pdf

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1、学习必备 欢迎下载 一对一辅导教案 学生姓名 性别 年级 高三 学科 英语 授课教师 上课时间 年 月 日 第（）次课 共（）次课 课时：课时 教学课题 七选五 教学目标 掌握高考七选五做题技巧 教学重点与难点 学会分析短文留空位置，并根据留空项的不同特点选出正确选项 一根据试题所在位置确定不同的解题策略 1)空格为标题 标题的特点就是短小精悍，且多为名词性短语或祈使句 2)空格出现在段首 通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题。3)空格出现在段中 这时要根据空格前后的句子意思、备选选项的句子意思以及句子之

2、间的逻辑关系来确定答案。3)空格出现在段尾 通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如 therefore,as a result,thus,hence,in short,to sum up,to conclude,in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。例题精讲：例 1 _ Home can be a great place for children to study.Its important to provide a workspace of their own where they can read books or just write

3、 a letter to their friends.Location Keeping Things in Order A.Attitude Is Everything.B.Bring Organization into Your Home.C.Here are several ways to choose a location.D.Building a Good Home Learning Environment.E.Hold a can-do attitude and your child will follow your example.F.Setting up a space in a

4、 common area of your home can be a good idea for children.G.A child who learns to organize his spare will carry organization into every corner of his life 解析：答案选 D，选项中的 Home Learning与短文中的 home，study 相对应。学习必备 欢迎下载 例 2 16 You dont show your secret personality when you are aw ake because you can contro

5、l your behavior,but when you are asleep，your sleeping position shows the real you A.Youre quite shy and you arent quite sure of yourself B.You know your strengths and weakness C.Normally people seldom change their sleeping position D.Everyone has got two personalities the one that is shown to the wo

6、rld and the other that is secret and real E.Maybe you dont want to make friends with a person who sleeps curled up.F.You usually live for today not tomorrow G.In a normal night，of course，people frequently change their positions 解析：答案选 D，选项中的 personalities，secret，real 与短文 secret personality,real相对应。例

7、 3 If you sleep on your side,yon have usually got a wellbalanced personality.20 .Youre usually careful.You believe in yourself.Yon sometimes feel anxious,but you dont often get sad.You always say what you think even if it makes people rather angry.A.Youre quite shy and you arent quite sure of yourse

8、lf B.You know your strengths and weakness C.Normally people seldom change their sleeping position D.Everyone has got two personalities the one that is shown to the world and the other that is secret and real E.Maybe you dont want to make friends with a person who sleeps curled up F.You usually live

9、for today not tomorrow G.In a normal night，of course，people frequently change their positions 解析：答案选 B，选项中的 strengths，weakness 与短文 a wellbalanced personality,careful,anxious相对应。例 4 Whenever or however you take notes,keep in mind that note-taking is a selective process.18 A.Use words,not complete sen

10、tences.B.There are three practical note-taking methods.C.You must write your notes on separate paper.D.Otherwise,you may not be able to read your notes later.E.you will also want to develop your own method for taking notes.F.That means you must first decide what is important enough to include in you

11、r notes.G.First,the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it.解析：答案选 F，选项中的 That means，decide 与短文 selective process 相对应。二根据不同的衔接手段确定解题策略 词汇连接 1.代词 英语表达中的代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利用这样的指代关时教学课题七选五教学目标掌握高考七选五做题技巧教学重点与难点学会分析短文留空位置并根据留空项的不同特点选出正确选

12、项一根据试题所在位置确定不同的解题策略空格为标题标题的特点就是短小精悍且多为名词性短语或祈主题句关注段首尾句了解大意知主题空格出现在段中这时要根据空格前后的句子意思备选选项的句子意思以及句子之间的逻辑关系来确定答案空格出现在段尾通常是结论概括性语句注意在选项中查找表示结果结论总结等的信号词如析答案选选项中的与短文相对应例解析答案选选项中的与短文相对应例解析答案选选项中的与短文相对应二根据不同的衔接手段确定解题策略词汇连接代词英语表达中的代词出现的频率极高代词的作用是指代前面提及的名词或形容学习必备 欢迎下载 系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。2.同义词/近义词 英语前言后语之间往往

13、有同义词、近义词、近义表达语甚至相同词汇的重复使用，这是我们解题的一个很好的判断线索。3.上下义词/同一范畴词 所谓上下义词就是指前者包含了后者，或可以说后者是前者的一个子集。如 apple 和 orange 之间则同一范畴的关系，都属于 fruit。利用前后句中这样的特殊的同义关系常常可以很轻松地解题。4)数字线索 包括具体数字以及和数字相关的词汇诸如 numbers,rate等等。作者列出数字，除了和其他数字进行对比和比较之外，还可以用数据来说明一个观点。例题精讲：例 1 Homework is an important part of a students education.19 .T

14、hey worry that a lighter homework load will put kids at a disadvantage.A.If so,think again.B.There are a number of kids who have no homework.C.These numbers have remained the same since 1984.D.Teachers give two reasons for assigning a lot of homework.E.It is still an increase in the amount of time s

15、pent on homework.F.Some teachers argue that homework prepares kids for state tests and for college.G.For example,a third-grader should have 30 minutes of homework,a fifth-grader 50 minutes,and so on.解析：答案选 F，选项中的 some teachers 与短文 they 相对应。例 2 Dont wai t for an apology.Many times the person who hurt

16、 you does not intend to apologize.They may have wanted to hurt you or they just dont see things the same way.18 Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean becoming friends again with the person who upset you.A.Why should you forgive?B.How should you start to forgive?C.Recognize the bene

17、fits of forgiveness.D.Try to see things from you offenders angle.E.For some people,forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge.F.To make your anger die away,try a simple stress-management technique.G.If you wait for people to apologize,you could be waiting an awfully long time.解析：答案选 G，选项中的 wait f

18、or people to apologize与短文 Dont wait for an apology 相对应。例 3 18 Lets take jam as an example.Some strawberry-flavored jam was labeled as containing no artificial colors,flavors,or sweeteners,but it contained absolutely no strawberries at all.A.The products which contain real fruit are popular with peop

19、le B.Even products advertised as more natural often contained no fruit C.They found that about 60 percent of them didnt contain any fruit at all 时教学课题七选五教学目标掌握高考七选五做题技巧教学重点与难点学会分析短文留空位置并根据留空项的不同特点选出正确选项一根据试题所在位置确定不同的解题策略空格为标题标题的特点就是短小精悍且多为名词性短语或祈主题句关注段首尾句了解大意知主题空格出现在段中这时要根据空格前后的句子意思备选选项的句子意思以及句子之间的逻

20、辑关系来确定答案空格出现在段尾通常是结论概括性语句注意在选项中查找表示结果结论总结等的信号词如析答案选选项中的与短文相对应例解析答案选选项中的与短文相对应例解析答案选选项中的与短文相对应二根据不同的衔接手段确定解题策略词汇连接代词英语表达中的代词出现的频率极高代词的作用是指代前面提及的名词或形容学习必备 欢迎下载 D.If companies can cut their costs by using flavoring,they are likely to do so E.It is important and necessary to demand a small amount of fla

21、voring in the products F.Actually the product contains just a tiny percentage of strawberry or even no fruit at all G.The Food Commission suggested all flavors used in a product should be listed on the packaging.解析：答案选 B，选项中的 fruit 与短文 Lets take jam as an example.strawberries相对应。例 4 Researchers anal

22、yzed the contents of 28 strawberry-flavored products sold in stores.17 Of the 11 products that did contain strawberries,five of them contained less than one percent real fruit A.The products which contain real fruit are popular with people B.Even products advertised as more natural often contained n

23、o fruit C.They found that about 60 percent of them didnt contain any fruit at all D.If companies can cut their costs by using flavoring,they are likely to do so E.It is important and necessary to demand a small amount of flavoring in the products F.Actually the product contains just a tiny percentag

24、e of strawberry or even no fruit at all G.The Food Commission suggested all flavors used in a product should be listed on the packaging.解析：答案选 C，选项中的 60 percent 与短文 28 strawberry-flavored products，11 products，one percent 相对应。.逻辑衔接 1.并列与递进关系 标志词：and,or,also,neithernor,eitheror,likewise,similarly,equa

25、lly,in the same way等 2.转折让步关系 标志词：but,however,on the contrary,by contrast,on the other hand,unfortunately,while,whereas,unlike,rather than,instead of 等 3.因果关系 前后句的逻辑是因果关系，常见的逻辑表达有：because,for,since,as,consequently,be due to,for this reason 等。4.时间关系 标志词：at first,at last,finally,firstly,to start with，

26、later,next,second,secondly,then等 例题精讲：例 1 Tired office workers suddenly have more energy when they hear the pleasant sound of Muzak in the background.19 Supermarket shoppers buy 38 percent more groceries.A.Some people dont like Muzak.B.The music gives them extra energy.C.Music is playing in the back

27、ground.D.Factory workers produce 13 percent more.E.Muzak tends to help people understand music better.F.They get as much as$4 million a year if their songs are used.G.Muzak is played in most of the big supermarkets in the world.解析：答案选 D，选项中的 Factory workers，produce 13 percent more与短文 Tired office wo

28、rkers，have more 时教学课题七选五教学目标掌握高考七选五做题技巧教学重点与难点学会分析短文留空位置并根据留空项的不同特点选出正确选项一根据试题所在位置确定不同的解题策略空格为标题标题的特点就是短小精悍且多为名词性短语或祈主题句关注段首尾句了解大意知主题空格出现在段中这时要根据空格前后的句子意思备选选项的句子意思以及句子之间的逻辑关系来确定答案空格出现在段尾通常是结论概括性语句注意在选项中查找表示结果结论总结等的信号词如析答案选选项中的与短文相对应例解析答案选选项中的与短文相对应例解析答案选选项中的与短文相对应二根据不同的衔接手段确定解题策略词汇连接代词英语表达中的代词出现的频率极

29、高代词的作用是指代前面提及的名词或形容学习必备 欢迎下载 energy，Supermarket shoppers buy 38 percent more groceries.相对应。例 2 Most businesses seek to make a profit that is,they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business.16 .Commonly called nonprofits,these organizations are primarily nongovernment

30、al service providers.A.Control includes the use of records and reports to compare actual work with the set standards for work.B.In this connection there is the difference between top management and operative management.C.Examples of nonprofit business include such organizations as social service age

31、ncies and may hospitals.D.However,some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs.E.The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.F.In the theory of business management,organization has two main aspects.G.Planning in business management has thr

32、ee main aspects 解析：答案选 D，选项中的 However 与短文 make a profit,nonprofits相对应。例 3 Nothing can hurt confidence more than being told that you arent doing well.17 ,so good public speaking training should develop those instead of telling you what you shouldnt do.A.You arent like anybody else B.You already do lo

33、ts of things well C.Turn your back on too many rules D.Check the rules about dos and donts E.Whatever the presentation,public speaking is tough F.The one thing you dont want is for them to fall asleep G.So trying to force a whole set of rules into it will just make things worse 解析：答案选 B，由文中 so，those

34、 可知。例 4 At first I was paid in candy.17 I worked every day after school,and during the summer and on weekends and holidays from 8 a.m.to 7 p.m.My father helped me set up a bank account.A.Later I received 50 cents an hour.B.Before long,she let me sit there by myself.C.I ended my selling a record amou

35、nt of cosmetics.D.Today I still carry that lesson with me:I listen to customers.E.My grandmas trust taught me how to handle responsibility.F.Soon I found myself looking more beautiful than ever before.G.Watching my money grow was more rewarding than anything I could have bought.解析：答案选 A，选项中的 Later 与

36、短文 At first 相对应。七选五解题技巧 一根据试题所在位置确定不同；1)空格为标题，多为名词性短语或祈使句 时教学课题七选五教学目标掌握高考七选五做题技巧教学重点与难点学会分析短文留空位置并根据留空项的不同特点选出正确选项一根据试题所在位置确定不同的解题策略空格为标题标题的特点就是短小精悍且多为名词性短语或祈主题句关注段首尾句了解大意知主题空格出现在段中这时要根据空格前后的句子意思备选选项的句子意思以及句子之间的逻辑关系来确定答案空格出现在段尾通常是结论概括性语句注意在选项中查找表示结果结论总结等的信号词如析答案选选项中的与短文相对应例解析答案选选项中的与短文相对应例解析答案选选项中的

37、与短文相对应二根据不同的衔接手段确定解题策略词汇连接代词英语表达中的代词出现的频率极高代词的作用是指代前面提及的名词或形容学习必备 欢迎下载 2)空格出现在段首，通常是段落主题句 3)空格出现在段中，要根据空格前后的句子意思、备选选项的句子意思以及句子之间的逻辑关系来确定答案。4)空格出现在段尾，通常是结论、概括性语句。二根据不同的衔接手段 1词汇连接 1)代词 2)同义词/近义词 3)上下义词/同一范畴词 4)数字线索 2.逻辑衔接 1).并列与递进关系 2).转折让步关系 3).因果关系 4).时间关系 1.Get support.When you need help,reach out

38、to the people who care about you.Talk to trusted adult,such as a parent or other relatives._?_ They might have had similar problems,such as dealing with a test,or the death of a beloved pet.D.Ah,it feels so good when the stress is gone.E.You need to figure out what the problem is.F.And dont forget a

39、bout your friends 2.Some 40 years earlier,at the beginning of the 18th century,the French had founded another city just above the Mississippi delta,New Orleans._?_.New Orleans is one of the great ports of the world,and one of the greatest terminals for both sea and river traffic.A.It was the Mississ

40、ippi that made the city what it is B.Levees,high banks built of earth,hold back the flood waters C.Therefore,as we know,its the third longest river in the world 3.Parents should help their children understand money._?_ So you may start talking about money when your child shows an interest in buying

41、things,candy or toys,for example.D.Tell your child why he can or cannothave certain things.E.Ask yourself what things that cost money are most important to you.F.The best time to teach a child anything about money is when he shows an interest.4.There are times in our lives such as when we have recen

42、tly moved into a new town,or changed our jobs or schools.Such changes often leave us without a friend._?_ But for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage.D.Try not to find fault with your friends.E.Making new friends comes easy for some people.F.For a friendship to develop you need

43、to stay in touch.5.Over the last 25 years,British society has changed a great deal or at least many parts of it have._?_.Ideas about social class whether a person is“working-class”or“middle-class”are one area in which changes have been extremely slow.A.Nowadays,a great deal has changed B.As a result

44、,differences in life styles and attitudes came into existence C.In some ways,however,very little has changed,particularly where attitudes are concerned 6.You will want to take notes during classroom discussions and while reading a textbook or doing research for a report._?_Whenever or however you ta

45、ke notes,keep in mind that note-taking is a selective process.时教学课题七选五教学目标掌握高考七选五做题技巧教学重点与难点学会分析短文留空位置并根据留空项的不同特点选出正确选项一根据试题所在位置确定不同的解题策略空格为标题标题的特点就是短小精悍且多为名词性短语或祈主题句关注段首尾句了解大意知主题空格出现在段中这时要根据空格前后的句子意思备选选项的句子意思以及句子之间的逻辑关系来确定答案空格出现在段尾通常是结论概括性语句注意在选项中查找表示结果结论总结等的信号词如析答案选选项中的与短文相对应例解析答案选选项中的与短文相对应例解析答案选

46、选项中的与短文相对应二根据不同的衔接手段确定解题策略词汇连接代词英语表达中的代词出现的频率极高代词的作用是指代前面提及的名词或形容学习必备 欢迎下载 D.Otherwise,you may not be able to read your notes later.E.You will also want to develop your own method for taking notes.F.That means you must first decide what is important enough to include in your notes.7.It is a good thi

47、ng to stay in touch.However,try not to press your new friend with calls,messages or visits as this would likely wear him or her out and finally you may lose your friend._?_ The best friendships are the ones that grow naturally.A.Making new friends comes easy for some people.B.For a friendship to dev

48、elop you need to stay in touch C.So you will need to give your friend time to react to you.8.A serious problem for todays society is who should be responsible for the elderly and how to improve their lives.It is not only a financial problem but also a question of the system we want for our society.I

49、 would like to suggest several possible solutions to this problem.First,employers should take responsibility for their retired employees.Another way of solving the problem is to return the responsibility to the individual.In addition,the government could take responsibility for the care of the elder

50、ly._?_Therefore,it is reasonable to expect that some combination of these options may be needed to provide the care we hope to give to our elderly generations.A.To sum up,all these options have advantages and disadvantages.B.Its unfair to let the social organization shoulder all the responsibility.C