考研英语 虚拟语气语法复习指示_外语学习-语法 .pdf

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1、2021 年考研英语 虚拟语气语法复习指示 考研英语备考很多事情都要提上日程了，看看哪些是该注意的，下面由出 guo 为你精心准备了“2021 年考研英语：虚拟语气语法复习指示”，持续关注将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯!(1)掌握主从句谓语动词的标准搭配:主句 从句 与现在事实相反 would/情态动词过去式+do were(不分人称)/did 与过去事实相反 would/情态动词过去式+have done had done 与将来事实相反 would/情态动词过去式+do should do 如：If the doctor had been available,the child could

2、not have died.There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened,should there be a sudden loud noise.(2)区分主从句表示的不同时间概念：主从句谓语动词所指时间不同，这叫做错综时间条件句，动词形式应根据实际情况来调整。如：Had it not been for the timely investment from the general public,our pany would not be so thriving as it is.(主句与现在事实相反，从句与

3、过去事实相反)Had Paul received six more votes in the last election,he would be our chairman now.(主句与现在事实相反，从句与过去事实相反)(3)识别事实和假设混合句：Your math instructor would have been happy to give you a make-up examination had you gone and explained that your parents were ill at the time.(句子前半局部为假设情况，而“父母病了”是事实)I would

4、have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible,but I was fully oupied the whole of last week.(前半局部为假设，后半局部是事实)名词性从句是指宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。从句的谓语动词需用(should+)动词原形表示虚拟。考生应熟悉：(1)以下动词做谓语时，that 宾语从句中的动词用虚拟形式：desire,advise,remend,mand,direct,order,ask,demand,request,require,insist,maint

5、ain,move,propose,prefer,urge,vote。如：In the past men generally preferred that their wives work in the home.I move that he be discharged for his serious mistake.(2)以下形容词和分词做表语或补语时，that 主语从句中动词用虚拟形式：advisable,desirable,insistent,preferable,urgent,appropriate,pulsory,crucial,essential,imperative,importa

6、nt,necessary,obligatory,possible,probable,proper,vital,advised,arranged,manded,demanded,desired,ordered,proposed,remended,requested,required,suggested。如：准备了年考研英语虚拟语气语法复习指示持续关注将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯掌握主从句谓语动词的标准搭配主句从句与现在事实相反情态动词过去式不分人称与过去事实相反情态动词过去式与将来事实相反情态动词过去式如调整如主句与现在事实相反从句与过去事实相反主句与现在事实相反从句与过去事实相反识别事实和假设

7、混合句句子前半局部为假设情况而父母病了是事实前半局部为假设后半局部是事实名词性从句是指宾语从句主语从句表语从句如以下形容词和分词做表语或补语时主语从句中动词用虚拟形式如以下名词接同位语从句或表语从句时从句中动词用虚拟形式如含蓄虚拟语气是指假设条件不通过从句表达而是暗含在其他结构中考生应熟悉连词副词等表示转折假设 The board deem it urgent that these files should be printed right away.It is essential that all these figures be checked twice.(3)以下名词接同位语从句或表语

8、从句时，从句中动词用虚拟形式：insistence,preference,remendation,suggestion,proposal,motion,desire,re-quirement,request,order,necessity,importance,regulation,rule,resolution,understanding。如：John Wagners most enduring contribution to the study of Afro-American poetry is his insistence that it be analyzed in a religi

9、ous,as well as worldly,frame of reference.They keep telling us it is of utmost importance that our representative be sent to the conference on schedule.含蓄虚拟语气是指假设条件不通过 if 从句表达，而是暗含在其他结构中。考生应熟悉：(1)连词 but,but that,or,or else;副词 otherwise,unfortunately等表示转折假设。如：A safety analysis would have identified t

10、he target as a potential danger.Unfortunately,it was never done.Victor obviously doesnt know whats happened;otherwise he wouldnt have made such a stupid remark.(2)介词短语暗含假设条件，常用的有：without,but for,under more favorable conditions等。如：准备了年考研英语虚拟语气语法复习指示持续关注将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯掌握主从句谓语动词的标准搭配主句从句与现在事实相反情态动词过去式不分

11、人称与过去事实相反情态动词过去式与将来事实相反情态动词过去式如调整如主句与现在事实相反从句与过去事实相反主句与现在事实相反从句与过去事实相反识别事实和假设混合句句子前半局部为假设情况而父母病了是事实前半局部为假设后半局部是事实名词性从句是指宾语从句主语从句表语从句如以下形容词和分词做表语或补语时主语从句中动词用虚拟形式如以下名词接同位语从句或表语从句时从句中动词用虚拟形式如含蓄虚拟语气是指假设条件不通过从句表达而是暗含在其他结构中考生应熟悉连词副词等表示转折假设 But for the English examination I would have gone to the concert l

12、ast Sunday.(3)intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned或 was/were+不定式完成式或 had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished+不定式一般式暗示虚拟语气。如：I intended to have called on you,but I was busy at that time.(4)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气。如：I should have called to make an airline reservation,but I didnt.(1)从句中动词用过去式或过去完成式表示虚拟的句型：would r

13、ather would as soon as though suppose had rather would sooner as if supposing If only It is(high)time that(从句中动词只用过去式)如：His wife would rather they didnt talk about the matter any more.Id rather you went by train,because I cant bear the idea of your being in an airplane in such bad weather.If I were

14、in a movie,then it would be about time that I buried my head in my hands for a cry.My father always talks as though he were addressing a public meeting.(2)If it were not for(与现在事实相反)If it had not been for(与过去事实相反)相当于 but for。如：准备了年考研英语虚拟语气语法复习指示持续关注将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯掌握主从句谓语动词的标准搭配主句从句与现在事实相反情态动词过去式不分人称与

15、过去事实相反情态动词过去式与将来事实相反情态动词过去式如调整如主句与现在事实相反从句与过去事实相反主句与现在事实相反从句与过去事实相反识别事实和假设混合句句子前半局部为假设情况而父母病了是事实前半局部为假设后半局部是事实名词性从句是指宾语从句主语从句表语从句如以下形容词和分词做表语或补语时主语从句中动词用虚拟形式如以下名词接同位语从句或表语从句时从句中动词用虚拟形式如含蓄虚拟语气是指假设条件不通过从句表达而是暗含在其他结构中考生应熟悉连词副词等表示转折假设 If it had not been for his help(=but for his help),we would not have

16、sueeded.(3)If only谓语动词视情况选用适当的形式。如：If only the mittee would approve the regulations and put them into effect as soon as possible.(4)lest/for fear that/in case 从句谓语用(should+)动词原形。如：The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he injure himself.(5)whetheror有时谓语用be 的原形，引导让步虚拟从句，这种用法经常采用倒装结构。如：Churc

17、h as we use the word refers to all religious institutions,be they Christian,Islamic,Buddhist,Jewish,and so on.The business of each day,be it selling goods or shipping them,went quite smoothly.2021 年考研英语：情态动词的语法指示 2021 年考研英语：虚拟语气的运用技巧 2021 考研英语：关系代词的语法解析 准备了年考研英语虚拟语气语法复习指示持续关注将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯掌握主从句谓语动词的标准搭配主句从句与现在事实相反情态动词过去式不分人称与过去事实相反情态动词过去式与将来事实相反情态动词过去式如调整如主句与现在事实相反从句与过去事实相反主句与现在事实相反从句与过去事实相反识别事实和假设混合句句子前半局部为假设情况而父母病了是事实前半局部为假设后半局部是事实名词性从句是指宾语从句主语从句表语从句如以下形容词和分词做表语或补语时主语从句中动词用虚拟形式如以下名词接同位语从句或表语从句时从句中动词用虚拟形式如含蓄虚拟语气是指假设条件不通过从句表达而是暗含在其他结构中考生应熟悉连词副词等表示转折假设