商务英语词汇汇编 (2).docx

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1、商务英语词汇大全（一）economist经济学家socialist economy社会主义经济 capitalist economy资本主义经济 collective economy 集体经济planned economy 计划经济 controlled economy 管制经济rural economics 农村经济liberal economy 经济mixed economy 混合经济political economy 政治经济学protectionism 保护主义autarchy闭关自守primary sector 初级成分private sector私营成分，私营部门 public s

2、ector公共部门，公共成分 economic channels 经济渠道 economic balance 经济平衡 economic fluctuation 经济波动 economic depression 经济衰退 economic stability 经济稳定 economic policy 经济政策economic recovery 经济复原understanding 约定concentration 集中holding company 控股公司trust托拉斯cartel卡特尔rate of growth 增长economic trend 经济趋势economic situation

3、 经济形势infrastructure 基本建设standard of living生活标准，生活水平purchasing power, buying power 购买力scarcity 短缺stagnation停滞，萧条，不景气underdevelopment 不发达underdeveloped 不发达的developing发展中的initial capital 创办资本frozen capital 冻结资金frozen assets冻结资产fixed assets固定资产real estate 不动产，房地产beginning of term 开学matriculation 注册to en

4、roll, to enroll 予以注册to take lessons （学生）上课to teach （老师）上课to study 学习to learn by heart 记住，掌握to revise, to go over 复习test考试to test考试to take an examination, to sit an examination, to do anexamination 参力口考试convocation notice 考试通知examiner考试者board of examiners 考试团examination oral, written examination 口试，笔

5、试question 问题question paper 试卷crib夹带（美作:trot）to pass an examination （或 exam）,通过考试pass, passing grade 升级prizegiving分配奖品to fall an examination 未通过考试failure未考好to repeat a year 留级degree学位graduate毕业生to graduate 毕业project, thesis 毕业论文General Certificate of Education 中学毕业证书 （美作:high school diploma）holder of

6、 the General Certificate of Education 中学毕业生 （美作:holder of a high school diploma）doctorate 博士学位doctor 博士competitive examination 答辩考试Chinese 语文English 英语Japanese 日语mathematics 数学science 理科gymnastics 体育history 历史algebra 代数geometry 几何geography 地理biology 生物chemistry 化学physics 物理physical geography 地球物理lit

7、erature 文学sociology 社会学psycology 心理学philosophy 哲学engineering 工程学mechanical engineering 机械工程学electronic engineering 电子工程学medicine 医学social science 社会科学agriculture 农学astronomy 天文学economics经济学politics政治学commercial science 商学biochemistry生物化学linguistics 语言学accounting 会计学law, jurisprdence 法学banking银行学meta

8、llurgy 冶金学finance财政学mass-communication 大众传播学journalism 新闻学atomic energy 原子能学civil engineering 土木工程architecture 建筑学chemical, engineering 化学工程accounting and statisics 会计统计 business administration 工商管理 library图书馆学diplomacy夕卜交foreign language 夕卜文botany植物major主修minor辅修school学校kindergarten 幼儿园anthropology

9、 人类学library图书馆infant school幼儿学校primary school junior school 小学secondary school 中学high school, secondary school 专科学校business school 商业学校technical school 工业学校technical college 专科学校(university) campus 大学university 大学boarding school供膳宿的学校day school日校，无宿舍学校，走读学校day student who has lunch at school 提供午餐的走读

10、学生academy专科学院faculty 系hall of residence 学校公寓classroom 教室lecture theatre 阅览室 (美作lecture theater)amphitheatre 阶梯教室(美作:amphitheater)staff room教研室headmasters study, headmasters office 校长办公室(assembly) hall 礼堂playground 操场desk课桌blackboard 黑板(a piece of) chalk 粉笔slate pencil 石板笔wall map 挂图skeleton map廓图,示意

11、图globe地球仪text book 课本dictionary 词典encyclopedia百科全书atlas地图集satchel 书包exercise book 练习本rough not book 草稿本(美作:scribbling pad)blotting paper 吸墨纸tracing p叩er描图纸squared paper, graph paper 坐标纸(fountain) pen 自来水笔biro, ballpoint (pen) 圆珠笔pencil铅笔teamwork work联合工作propelling pencil 自动铅笔pencil sharpener铅笔刀，转笔刀i

12、nk墨水inkwell墨水池rubber, eraser 橡皮ruler, rule 尺slide rule计算尺set square三角板protractor 量角器compass, pair of compasses 圆规Ministry of Labour 劳工部 (美作 epartment ofLabor)labour market劳工市场，劳务市场Labour exchange, Employment exchange 职业介绍所(美作:Employment Bureau)labour management职业介绍经名己人full employment整日制工作to be paid

13、by the hour 按小时付酬seasonal work 季节工作piecework work 计件工作timework work 计时工作shift work换班工作assembly line work 组装线工作 (美作：serialproduction)workshop 车间handicrafts, crafts 手艺，技艺trade, craft 行当profession, occupation 职务employment, job 工作situation, post 位置job 一件工作vacancy空缺，空额work permit工作许可证to apply for a job求职

14、，找工作application (for a job) 求职to engage, to employ 雇用work contract 劳务合同industrial accident 劳动事故occupational disease 职业病vocational guidance 职业指导vocational training 职业训I练retraining, reorientation, rehabilitation 再训I练，再培apprenticeship 学徒holidays, holiday, vacation 假期labour costs, labour input 劳力成本fluct

15、uation of labour 劳力波动 （美作 f labor）worker工作者permanent worker 长期工，固定工personnel, staff 人员employee 职员clerk, office worker 办公室人员salary earner 雇佣工人workman 工人organized labour 参力H工会的工人skilled worker 技术工人unskilled worker非技术工人specialized worker 熟练工人farm worker 农场工人labourer worker 农业工人day labourer 日工seasonal w

16、orker 季节工collaborator 合作者foreman 工头trainee, apprentice 学徒工artisan, craftsman 工匠specialist 专家night shift 夜班shortage of labour, shortage of manpower 缺乏劳力working class工人阶级proletarian 无产者proletariat无产阶级trade union 工会 （美作:labor union）trade unionist工团主义者trade unionism 工团主义guild行会，同会，公会association, society

17、, union 协会emigration 移，移居employer雇主，老板shop steward （工厂的）工会代表 （美作:uniondelegate）delegate 代表representative 代表works council劳资联合委员会labour law劳工法working day, workday 工作日premium, bonus, extra pay 奖励seasonal unemployment 季节性失业full-time employment, full-time job, full-time work 全天工作part-time employment, par

18、t-time job, part-time work半日工作working hours工作时间overtime业余时间remuneration 报酬pay, wage, salary 工资wage index工资指数minimum wage最低工资basic wage基础工资gross wages全部收入net, real wages 实际收入hourly wages, wage rate per hour 计时工资monthly wages 月工资weekly wages 周工资piecework wage 计件工资maximum wage 最高工资 （美作:wage ceiling）sli

19、ding scale按物价计酬法payment in kind用实物付酬daily wages 日工资payday发工资日，付薪日pay slip工资单payroll薪水册unemployment benefit 失业救济old-age pension退休金，养老金collective agreement工会代表工人与资方代表达成的协议retirement 退休claims要求strike罢工striker罢工者go-slow 怠工（美作:slow-down）lockout停工（业主为抵制工人的要求而停工）staggered strike阶段性罢工strike picket罢工纠察队员stri

20、ke pay罢工津贴（由工会给的）strikebreaker, blackleg 破坏罢工者down tools, sit-down strike 静坐demonstration, manifestation 示威sanction 制裁unemployment 失业tracer绘图员linguist语言学家underemployment 不充分就业unemployed man失业者（个人）the unemployed失业者（集体）to discharge, to dismiss 辞退，开除，解雇dismissal开除，解雇to terminate a contract结束合同，结束契约nego

21、tiation 谈判collective bargaining劳资双方就工资等问题谈判receptionist 接待员typist打字员key puncher电脑操作员stenographer 速记员telephone operator 电话接线员programmer电脑程序员 system analyst系统分析员shorthand typist速记打字员office girl女记事员public servants 公务员national public servant 国家公务员local public service employee 地方公务员nation railroad man国营铁

22、路职员illustrator 汇稿员saleswoman 女店员pilot驾驶员simultaneous 同 时译员publisher出版人员graphic designer美术设计员delivery boy 送报员secretary 秘书policeman 警察journalist 记者editor编辑interpreter 通译者director 导演talent星探actor男演员actress女演员photographer 摄影师scholar 学者translator 翻译家novelist小说家playwright 剧作家botanist植物学家economist经济学家chemi

23、st化学家scientist科学家philosopher 哲学家politician政治学家physicist物理学家astropologist 人类学家archaeologist 考古学家geologist地质学家expert on folklore 俗学家mathematician 数学家biologist生物学家zoologist动物学家statistician统计学家physiologist生理学家futurologist未来学家artists艺术家painter 画家musician 音乐家composer作曲家singer歌唱家designer设计家sculptor雕刻家desig

24、ner服装设计师fashion coordinator 时装调配师dressmaker女装裁剪师cutter裁剪师sewer裁缝师tailor西装师傅beautician 美容师model模特ballerina芭蕾舞星detective 刑警chief of police 警察局长taxi driver出租车司机clerk店员mailman 邮差newspaper boy 报童bootblack擦鞋童poet诗人copywriter 撰稿人producer制片人newscaster新闻评论人milkman 送奶人merchant 商人florist卖花人baker面包师greengrocer

25、菜贩fish-monger 鱼贩butcher 肉贩shoe-maker 鞋匠saleswoman 女店员stewardess空中小姐conductor 车掌station agent 站长porter行李夫car mechanic汽车修理师architect建筑师civil planner城市设计师civil engineer 土木技师druggist, chemist, pharmacist 药济资市guide导游oil supplier 力口油工(public) health nurse 保健护士dentist牙科医生supervisor 监工forman工头doctor医生nurse

26、护士宏观经济的 macroeconomic通货膨胀inflation破产 insolvency有偿还债务能力的solvent合同 contract汇率 exchange rate紧缩信贷 tighten credit creation私营部 门 private sector财政管理机构fiscal authorities宽松的财政政策slack fiscal policy税法 tax bill财政 public finance财政部 the Ministry of Finance平衡预算 balanced budget继承税 inheritance tax货币主义者monetariest增值税

27、 VAT (value added tax)收入 revenue总需求 aggregate demandcirculating capital, working capital 流动资本 bearer cheque, cheque payable to bearer 无记名支票,available capital 可用资产capital goods资本货物reserve准备金，储备金calling up of capital 催缴资本allocation of funds 资金分配contribution of funds 资金捐献working capital fund 周转基金 revol

28、ving fund循环基金，周转性基金 contingency fund 意外开支,准备金 reserve fund 准备金buffer fund缓冲基金，平准基金sinking fund偿债基金investment投资，资产investor投资人self-financing自筹经费，经费自给bank银行current account 经常帐户(美作:checking account)current-account holder 支票帐户(美作:checking-account holder)cheque 支票 (美作:check)来人支票crossed cheque 划线支票travelle

29、rs cheque 旅行支票chequebook支票簿，支票本 (美作:checkbook)endorsement 背书transfer转让，转帐，过户money货币issue发行ready money 现钱cash现金ready money business, no credit given 现金交易，概不赊欠change零钱banknote, note 钞票，纸币(美作:bill)to pay (in) cash 付现金domestic currency, local currency 本国货币convertibility 可兑换性convertible currencies 可兑换货币e

30、xchange rate汇率,兑换率foreign exchange 外汇floating exchange rate 浮动汇率商务英语词汇大全(二)货币化 monetization 赤字 deficit经济不景气recessiona period when the economy of a country is not successful, business conditions are bad, industrial production and trade are at a low level and there is a lot of unemployment经济好转turnabou

31、t复苏 recovery成本推进型cost push货币供应money supply生产率 productivity劳动力 labor force实际工资real wages成本推进式通货膨胀cost-push inflation 需求拉动式通货膨胀demand-pull inflation 双位数通货膨胀double- digit inflation极度通货膨胀hyperinflation长期通货膨胀chronic inflation治理通货膨胀to fight inflation最终目标 Wtimate goal坏的影响 adverse effect担保ensure贴现 discount萧

32、条的sluggish认购 subscribe to支票帐户 checking account货币控制工具 instruments of monetry control借据 lOUs (I owe you)本票 promissory notes货币总监 controller of the currency拖收系统 collection system支票清算或结算check clearing资金划拨 transfer of funds可以相信的证明credentials改革 fashion被缠住entangled货币联盟 Monetary Union再购协议repo精明的讨价还价交易horse-t

33、rading欧元euro公共债务 membership criteria汇率机制REM储备货币 reserve currency劳动密集型labor-intensive贡交易所bourse竞争领先frontrun牛市 bull market非凡的牛市a raging bull规模经济 scale economcies买方出价与卖方要价之间的差价bid-ask spreads期货（贡）futures经济商行 brokerage firm回报率 rate of return贡 equities违约 default现金外流cash drains经济人佣金brokerage fee存款单 CD （ce

34、rtificate of deposit营业额turnover资本市场 capital market布雷顿森林体系The Bretton Woods System经常帐户 current account套利者 arbitrager远期汇率 forward exchange rate即期汇率spot rate实际利率 real interest rates货币政策工具 tools of monetary policy银行倒闭bank failures跨国公司 MNC （ Multi-National Corporation）商业银行 commercial bank商业票据 comercial p

35、aper利润profit本票，期票 promissory notes监督 to monitor佣金（经济人）commission brokers套期保值hedge有价证券平衡理论portfolio balance theory夕卜汇储备 foreign exchange reserves固定汇率 fixed exchange rate浮动汇率 floating/flexible exchange rate货币选择权（期货）currency option套利 arbitrage合约价 exercise price远期升水 forward premium多头买升 buying long空头卖跌se

36、lling short按市价订购贡market order贸易差额 balance of trade债务 liabilities贡经纪人stockbroker国际货币基金the IMF七国集团the G-7监督 surveillance同业拆借市场interbank market可兑换性 convertibility软通货 soft currency限制 restriction交易 transaction充分需求 adequate demand短期外债 short term external debt汇率机制 exchange rate regime直接标价direct quotes资本流动性

37、 mobility of capital赤字 deficit本国货币 domestic cuirency夕卜汇交 易市场 foreign exchange market国际储备 international reserve利率 interest rate资产assets国际收支 balance of payments繁荣boom债券bond资本 captial资本支出 captial expenditures商品 commodities商品 交易所 commodity exchange期货合同 commodity futures contract普通贡 common stock联合大企业cong

38、lomerate货币贬值 currency devaluation通货紧缩deflation折 I日 depreciation贴现率 discount rate归个人支配的收入disposable personal income从业人员 employed person汇率 exchange rate财政年度fiscal year企业 free enterprise国生产总值 gross antional product库存 inventory劳动力人数labor force市场经济 market economy合并merger货币收入money income跨国公司 Multinational

39、 Corproation个 人收入 personal income优先贡 preferred stock价格收益比率price-earning ratio优惠贷款利率prime rate利润profit回报 return on investment使货币升值revaluation薪水salary季节性调整 seasonal adjustment关税tariff失业人员 unemployed person效用 utility价值value工资wages工资价格螺旋上升wage-price spiral收益yield补偿贸易 compensatory trade, compensated deal

40、储蓄银行 savings banks欧洲联盟 the European Union单一的实体 a single entity抵押贷款 mortgage lending业主产权 owner,n,s equity普通股 common stock无形资产 intangible assets收益表 income statement营业开支 operating expenses行政开支 administrative expenses现金收支一览表 statement of cash flow贸易中的存货inventory收益 proceeds投资银行 investment bank机构投资者 insti

41、tutional investor垄断兼并委员会MMC招标发行 issue by tender定向发行introduction代销 offer for sale直销 placing公开发行 public issue信贷额度credit line国 际债券 international bonds欧洲货币Eurocurrency利差 interest margin以所借的钱作抵押所获之贷款leveraged loan权利股发行rights issues净收入比例结合net income gearing外贸中常见英文缩略词1 C2 T/T (telegraphic transfer)电汇3 D/P

42、(document against payment)付款交单4 D/A (document against acceptance) 承兑交单5 C.O (certificate of origin) 一般原产地证6 G.S.P. (generalized system of preferences)普惠制7 CTN/CTNS (carton/cartons)纸箱8 PCE/PCS (piece/pieces)只、个、支等9 DL/DLS (dollar/dollars)美元10 DOZ/DZ (dozen) 一打11 PKG (package) 一包，一捆，一扎，一件等12WT (weight

43、)重量13 G.W. (gross weight)毛重14 N.W. (net weight)净重15 C/D (customs declaration)报关单16 EA (each)每个，各17W (with)具有18 w/o (without)没有19 FAC (facsimile)传真20 IMP (import)进口21 EXP (export)出口22 MAX (maximum)最大的、最大限度的23 MIN (minimum)最小的，最低限度24 M或MED (medium)中等，中级的25 M/V (merchant vessel)商船26 S.S (steamship)船运27

44、 MT 或 M (metric ton)公吨28 DOC (document)文件、单据29INT (international)国际的30 P/L (packing list)装箱单、明细表31 INV (invoice)发票32 PCT (percent)百分比33 REF (reference)参考、查价34 EMS (express mail special)特快传递35 STL. (style)式样、款式、类型36 T 或 ETX 或 TX (telex)电传37 RMB (renminbi)人币38 S/M (shipping marks)装船标记39 PR 或 PRC （pric

45、e） 价格S=sales销售总额40 PUR (purchase)购买、购货41 S/C (sales contract)销售确认书42 L/C (letter of credit)信用证43 B/L (bill of lading)提单44 FOB (free on board)离岸价45 CIF (cost,insurance补充：CR=credit贷方，债主DR=debt借贷方(注意：国外常说的debt card,就是银行卡，credit card就是信誉卡。这里都是指银行和财务公司说的 ，你的银行卡，是你将钱放入银行，银行是“借贷方所以叫做debt卡。用credit卡，是你从银行或者财政公司借钱，银行或公司是“贷方“，所就叫credit.)Exp=Expense花费，费用O/H=overhead常用开支TC=total cost 总费用