2022-2023学年内蒙古通辽市中旗重点中学高二(下)期中英语试卷-普卷.docx
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1、20222023学年内蒙古通辽市中旗重点中学高二(下)期中英语试卷一、阅读理解(本大题共15小题,共30.0分)AIt is believed that human story begins in Africa and ends about 200, 000 years later with their seven billion descendants (后代)spread across the Earth, living in peace or at war, their faces lit by campfires and computer screens.In between is a
2、n exciting tale of survival, movement, isolation, and conquest, most of it occurring before recorded history.Who were those first modern people in Africa? What routes did they take when they left their home continent 60, 000 years ago to expand into Europe and Asia? When and how did humans reach the
3、 Americas? For decades, the only proof was found in a small number of scattered bones and artifacts that our ancestors left behind on their journeys.In the past 20 years, however, DNA technologies have allowed scientists to find a record of ancient human migrations in the DNA of living people.nEvery
4、 drop of human blood contains a history book written in the language of our genes, says population geneticist Spencer Wells.The human genetic code, or genome, is 99.9 percent identical throughout the world.But while the bulk of our DNA is the same, whats left is responsible for our individual differ
5、ences一in eye color or disease risk, for example.On very rare occasions, a small change, called a mutation, can occur, which is then passed down to all of that person*s descendants.Generations later, finding that same mutation in two peoples DNA indicates that they share the same ancestor.By comparin
6、g mutations in many different populations, scientists can trace their ancestral connections. These ancient mutations are easiest to track in two places: in DNA that is passed from mother to child(called mitochondrial DNA, or mtDNA for short) , and in DNA that travels from father to son (known as the
7、 Y chromosome, the part of DNA that determines a child will be a boy) .By comparing the mtDNA and Y chromosomes (染色体) of people from various populations, geneticists can get a rough idea of where and when those groups separated in the great migrations around the planet.1. The best title for this rea
8、ding could be ,A. Exploring Human HistoryB. Finding DNA DifferencesC. Making a Biology ExperimentD. Discovering Ancestries in DNA2,只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。Ladies and gentlemen, welcome to our school!It is a honor to introduce our martial arts club to you. Since it founded six years ago, it has been p
9、opular among students.Every Friday afternoon, the member gather to practise martial arts under the direction of two teachers, thathave ever competed in martial arts competitions.The members are frequent organized to put on performances in various occasions.Not only can we keep the Chinese tradition
10、alive, and we can also strengthen our body and willpower by practise martial arts.Now, its watch out some wonderful performances together.I hope they can have a good time in our school.六、书面表达(本大题共1小题,共25.0分)43.假定你是李华,你校将以n How to Protect the Environmentn为题举办英语演讲比赛。请 你写一篇演讲稿,内容包括:(D目前环境存在的问题;(2)作为中学生
11、应该采取的措施(至少三条)。注意:(1)词数80左右;(2)可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。答案和解析13.【答案】D、A、B【解析】(1)标题判断题。根据文章第一句 It is believed that human story begins in Africa and ends about 200, 000 years later with their seven billion descendants (后代)spread across the Earth, living in peace or at war, their faces lit by campfires and compu
12、ter screens.(人们相信,人类的故事始于非洲, 结束于大约20万年后,他们的70亿后代散布在地球各地,生活在和平或战争中,他们的脸被营 火和电脑屏幕照亮。)以及第二段最后一句 In the past 20 years, however, DNA technologies have allowed scientists to find a record of ancient human migrations in the DNA of living people.(然而, 在 过去的20年里,DNA技术使科学家能够在活人的DNA中找到远古人类迁徙的记录。)第三段最 后一句 By com
13、paring mutations in many different populations, scientists can trace their ancestral connections.(通过比较不同人群的基因突变,科学家们可以追溯他们祖先的联系。)和第四段最 后一句 By comparing the mtDNA and Y chromosomes (染色体)of people from various populations, geneticists can get a rough idea of where and when those groups separated in th
14、e great migrations around the planet.(通过比较不同人群的mtDNA和Y染色体,遗传学家可以大致了解这些人群在全球大 迁徙中何时何地分开的。)可知本文主要讲人类起源于非洲大陆。科学家运用DNA技术,通过 比较世人的DNA基因突变情况,迫踪不同族群的人是否源于同一祖先,进而大致弄清楚他们何 时何地迁徙到世界各地。D项Discovering Ancestries in DNA”通过DNA寻祖为最佳标题。故选Do(2)推理判断题。根据第三段第一句Every drop of human blood contains a history book written in
15、 the language of our genes, nsays population geneticist Spencer Wells.(人口 遗传学家斯宾塞威尔斯说: 每一滴血都包含着一部用基因语言书写的历史书。)由此判断出,一滴血液中包含着许多可以昭 示一个人祖先历史的遗传信息。故选A。(3)词义猜测题。根据第三段的第二句 The human genetic code, or genome, is 99.9 percent identical throughout the world.(全世界人类的遗传密码,或者叫染色体,有99.9%是相同的。)第三句的后 半句 whats left
16、is responsible for our individual differences-in eye color or disease risk, for example (乘U 下的一点点(不同)决定了人们眼睛颜色和患病风险的差异。)可知,我们DNA的主要部分是 相同的。A.the large size 大的尺寸;B.the main part 主要部分;C.the weight or shape 重量或形状; D.the quantity 质量。故选 B。本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了遗传学者如何通过研究人类基因突变追踪人类起源和迁徙的 问题。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理
17、能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系,对 未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章未涉及的现象、事 例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点。47.【答案】D、A、C、D【解析】(1 )D.细节理解题。根据第二段的Zea was really inspired when she attended Little Miss Geek Day, an event that aims at making technology more accessible and appealing to young women and inspiring t
18、hem to consider technology careers. (Zea 在参加Little Miss Geek Day”活动时深受启发, 该活动旨在让年轻女性更容易接触和吸引科技,并鼓励她们考虑从事科技行业。)”可知,Little Miss Geek Day的目的是让年轻女性接触科技并鼓励她们从事科技事业。故选D。(2) A.细节理解题。根据第三段The Jazzy Recycling application is designed to encourage young people to recycle more,which wins the favor of the youth.
19、lt turns waste disposal into a game and helps you find places to recycle.Then you scan what you need to recycle,share it,and get rewards such as shopping vouchers (代金券) and games to be unlocked for what you have recycled. (nJazzy Recycling”应用 旨 在鼓励年轻人多回收,受到年轻人的青睐。它把垃圾处理变成一个游戏,并帮助你找到回收的地 方。然后你可以浏览需要回
20、收的内容,分享它们,并获得购物券和游戏等奖励。)”可知,Jazzy Recycling吸引年轻人是因为它把回收和有趣的事结合起来。故选A。(3) C.推理判断题。根据第一段Zea Tongeman,a 14-year-old student,who is crazy about the Internet,applied technology to create an application that encourages people to recycle while having fun.(14岁的学生ZeaTongeman痴迷于互联网,她应用技术创建了一款应用程序,鼓励人们在享受 乐趣的同
21、时回收资源。)”可知,ZeaTongeman创建了一个把回收和享受乐趣结合在一起的应用 程序。由此推知,ZeaTongeman是一个具有创造力的孩子。A.Considerate体贴的;B.Generous慷 慨的;C.Creative有创造力的;D.Modest谦虚的。故选C。(4) D.推理判断题。根据第一段Zea Tongeman,a 14-year-old student,who is crazy about the Internet,applied technology to create an application that encourages people to recycle
22、 while having fun.(14岁的学生ZeaTongeman痴迷于互联网,她应用技术创建了一款应用程序,鼓励人们在享受 乐趣的同时回收资源。)”和最后一段的This teen girl from the United Kingdom has made use of computer programming to create her own app that would encourage people to go recycling for a better world.(这位来自英国的少女利用计算机编程创建了自己的应用程序,该应用程序将鼓励人们为一 个更美好的世界去回收资源。)
23、”可知,通过ZeaTongeman的故事我们知道了,青少年用他们自 己的方式来影响周围的人和世界。故选D。这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了一个14岁的英国少女ZeaTongeman创建了一个把回收和享受 乐趣结合在一起的应用程序,鼓励人们为一个更好的世界回收资源。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系,对 未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章未涉及的现象、事 例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点。811 .【答案】D、C、A、C【解析】【文章大意】本文说明文。文章主要讲述印度正在努力推广新的水
24、稻品种。1 .细节理解题。根据第一段 On Tuesday, India*s Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched a series of new high-producing crop varieties.cutting the huge expenses on water and farm workers.(周二,E|J度总理 纳伦德拉莫迪推出了一系列新的高产作物品种,包括可以直接种植在土壤中的抗除草剂水稻,从 而减少了用水和农场工人的巨额开支。)可知,这种水稻不需要那么多的水并削减了雇佣工人的 开支,为农场主节省了很多钱。故选D项。2 .细节理解题。
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