湖南省株洲市2022-2023学年高三下学期一模考试英语试题Word版含解析.docx

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1、株洲市2023届高三年级教学质量统一检测（一）英语试卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1 .答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证乐形码粘贴在答 题卡上的指定位置。2 .选择题的作答:每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试 卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3 .非选择题的作答:用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸 和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转徐 到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题:每小题

2、1.5分，满分75分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅 读一遍。例如：How much is the shirt?A.f 19.15B.f9.l8.C, f9.l5.答案是C。1. What will the speakers do next?A. Check the time. B. Discuss their work. C. Order food online.2. Where arc the speakers?A. At home.B. In a pet s

3、tore.C. At the train station.3. What did the man do last Sunday?A. He had a family party. B. He helped move house. C. He bought some cookies.4. Why does the man call the woman?A. To change their meeting time.B. To recommend her an art show.C. To consult her about an exhibition.you thrown a biodegrad

4、able container in the garbage can before realizing it is actually compost （混合肥料）? However, we can adjust behaviour and expectations to meet the promising new bio-future.12. What is the purpose of the exhibition?A. To display the most widely used material.B. To criticize the current throwaway culture

5、.C. To show possible solutions to waste problems. D To inform the customers of the harm from rubbish.13. How does Mahama prove that waste is precious?A. He collects old TV monitors fbr the exhibition.B. He shows the way to recycle waste into new surrounds.C. He treats the recycled material in a biod

6、egradable way.D. He recycles metal from used electrical cables in person.14. Why does the author mention Rotor” in Paragraph 4?A. To give a new definition of waste.B. To present the creativity of its architects.C. To make a prediction about recyclable buildings.D. To clarify the concept of above-gro

7、und mining.15. What is the authors attitude towards “post- waste” world?A. Favorable.B. Doubtful.C. Intolerant.D. Conventional.【答案】12.C13. B 14. D 15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了伦敦设计博物馆一个主题为“垃圾时代”的新展览，目的是展示垃 圾问题可能解决的方案。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中 “Waste Age, the theme of the exhibition, is a wake-up call, not so

8、much to the consumers but to the producer and most importantly the government.（展览的主题 1垃圾时代是一个警钟，不 仅对消费者，而且对生产者，最重要的是政府。）和We want to show how design is best placed to address rubbish issues （我们想展示设计如何最好地解决垃圾问题。）”可知，展览的目的是展示解决垃圾问题可能 的方案。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中 a A striking item on display is created

9、by Ibrahim Mahama, who has built a giant wall of old TV monitors that play videos where workers bum abandoned electrical cables （电缆）to harvest precious metal.Mahamahas asked them to cast the recycled metal in the form of surrounds, which surround the giant wail on display. （Ibrahim Mahama设计了一件引人注目的展

10、品，他用旧电视显示器搭建了一面墙，上面播放着工人 燃烧废弃电缆以获取贵金属的视频。Mahamahas要求他们将回收的金属铸造成环绕物的形式，围绕着展出 的巨大墙壁。）”可知，Mahamahas展示了将垃圾|口|收到新环境的方法。故选B项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“The exhibition attracts designers who arc already working on what a future of above-ground mining might look like and exploring how objects and buildings can be

11、taken apart and their parts reused. There is the work of the pioneering Belgian group Rotor, a team of architects who set up a company to carefiilly remove materials and components from buildings scheduled fbr the breaking hammer.（该展览吸弓| 了 己 经在研究地上采矿的未来的设计师，并探索如何将物体和建筑拆开，并重新使用它们的部件。这是比利 时先锋集团Rotor的工

12、作，Rotor是一个建筑师团队，他们成立了一家公司，负责用破碎锤小心地从建筑 中移除材料和组件。）”可知，作者提到Rotor是为了解释说明地上采矿的概念。故选D项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中 “However, we can adjust behaviour and expectations to meet the promising new bio-fulure.（然而，我们可以调整行为和期望，以满足充满希望的新生物未来。）”可知，作者对这种“处理 后的垃圾”世界是赞许并期待的。故选A项。第二节（共5小题:每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填

13、入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选 项。You will be leaving this school soon and the unavoidable question many people will ask you is, “16 Some of you may have already decided on a career path, but many of you still dont have a clue. Here are some things you might want to consider.17 Will it be in demand in 20 years

14、? Rapid technological change is taking place and wc need to be forward-looking at our fiiturc prospects. While many occupations arc being taken over by new technology, jobs requiring high-level of critical thinking, emotional intelligence and human interaction remain in high demand. These jobs are n

15、ot easily replaced by machines or technology. So think carefully about this before you choose your professional path.Choose a career that interests you. Some people might think this is unimportant, but if you are truly passionate about your job then going to work every day wont seem unpleasant. 18 B

16、ased on your own values, sills and personality type, you should ask yourself what you rally enjoy doing. This can help you decide if a career path is a good fit fbr you.Of course you will want to Consider your chosen professions earning power. Although high pay plays a part, you should know that a J

17、ob with a big salary will likely require more effort and a higher level of stress.19 If you have interests outside of work, or arc struggling with other demands in your life, you might want to choose a less taxing line of work.20 Therefore, when youre not sure which direction to take, you should kee

18、p an old saying in mind, Choose a job you love and you will never have to work a day in yourWhat occupation do you want to choose?A. Prepare yoursef fbr a career with creating power.B. Docs the career you consider have staying power?C. Its also likely that you will stay and grow in this career.D. On

19、ly the truly motivated are likely to meet these challenges.E. Thinking about a life-long career at this stage is surely challenging.F. Choosing the right career wont stress you with enough preparations.【答案】16. A 17. C 18. D 19. E 20. F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了选择职业时应该注意事项。【16题详解】上文 “You will be leaving t

20、his school soon and the unavoidable question many people will ask you is,（你很快就 要离开这所学校了，很多人都会问你这个不可避免的问题是，）”说明要问一个问题，选项A “你想选择什 么职业？ ”承接上文，说明是选择职业的问题，引出下文u Some of you may have already decided on a career path, but many of you still dont have a clue.（你们中的一些人可能已经决定了职业道路，但很多人仍然不知 道。）”说明人们选择职业的情况。选项中oc

21、cupation和下文中career语义相关，故选A项。【17题详解】下文 “WiH it be in demand in 20 years? Rapid technological change is taking place and we need to be fbrward- looking at our future prospects. （20年后会有需求吗？快速的技术变革正在发生，我们需要对未来的前景保持 前瞻性。）”说明要考虑所选职业是否能够长久，选项C “你考虑的这个职业有持久力吗？ ”引领下文，对 职业的持久力进行分析。故选C项。【18题详解】上文“Some people m

22、ight think this is unimportant, but if you are truly passionate about your job then going to work every day wont seem unpleasant.（有此人可能认为这是不重要的，但如果你真的对你的工作充满激情， 那么每天去工作就不会显得不愉快。）”说明选择自己热爱的工作，就会把工作当成快乐，选项D “你也有 可能会留在这份工作中并得到成长。”和上文存在因果关系，因为自己热爱这项工作，所以可以留在这份 工作中发展成长。故选D项。【19题详解】上文 u Although high pay

23、plays a part, you should know that a Job with a big salary will likely require more effort and ahighcrlcvclofstrcss.（虽然高薪是一个原因，但你应该知道，高薪的工作可能需要更多的努力和更大 的压力。）”说明高薪的工作具有更大的挑战性，选项E“只有真正有动力的人才有可能迎接这些挑战。” 承接上文，和上文存在因果关系，说明只有真正有动力的人才有可能迎接挑战。故选E项。【20题详解】下文 uTherefore, when youre not sure which direction to

24、 take, you should keep an old saying in mind, Choose a job you love and you will never have to work a day in your lifbJ（因此,当你不确定要选择哪个方向时,你应 该记住一句老话：选择一个你喜欢的工作，你这辈子就一天都不用工作。）”说明在没有确定职业方 向的时候，做出选择有一定困难和挑战，选项F”在这个阶段考虑一生的事业无疑是具有挑战性的。”和 下文存在因果关系，这个阶段考虑事业具有挑战性，所以要运用这句老话。故选F项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题海

25、小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Hungry and thirsty on our way home, my young sister and I came across a splendid plum tree with bright reddish fruit. It belonged to an elderly disabled lady known fbr giving 21in return fbr an errand（差事）.We knocked on her door asking fbr some plum

26、s in payment for 22 an errand. The lady smiled and gave us two 23 baskets. When we filled the baskets with the ripest plums we picked, she handed us a bag with fresh meat, rice and dried beans. Take this bag and one basket of plums to the Gomez family on the top of this hill, 24 with their payment a

27、nd you will 25 yours.”With great expectations to get our plums after the errand, wc rushed to the Gomez home. Mrs.Gomez 26 the door with three little children behind her. Her husband was sick in bed and times were 27 We told her our intention 28 She didnl seem 29 but appreciated it with the payment,

28、 a large envelope stuffed full. Could the Gomez 30 to pay so much fbr the food? It looked like much money. Our 31 wasnt cleared until we handed the envelope to the plum lady. Lovely!” The lady saidin delight as she pulled the 32out of the envelope. In her hands were colorful drawings from the Gomezc

29、hildren, the Gomezs payment fbr her food. My sister and I 33 each other and broke out in smiles.As we walked home, we enjoyed the 34 from the lady. The juice running down our arms was as sweet【解析】and wann as the 35_we had inside.21. A. juiceB. riceC. meatD. fruit22. A. rejectingB. cancellingC. offer

30、ingD. running23. A. largeB. cleanC. emptyD. firm24. A. departB. returnC. surviveD. travel25. A. makeB. purchaseC. obtainD. increase26. A. lockedB. answeredC. decoratedD. painted27. A. hardB. changeableC. differentD. unsettled28. A. doubtfullyB. patientlyC. helplesslyD. secretly29. A. annoyedB. injur

31、edC. disappointedD. surprised30. A. affordB. refuseC. expectD. accept31. A. chequeB. appointmentC. confusionD. baskets32. A. contentsB. notesC. stampsD. letters33. A. calmed downB. competed withC. approved ofD. looked at34. A. assistanceB. treatC. companyD. comfort35. A. wishB. promiseC. feelingD. a

32、ppetite【答案】21. D22. D23. C 24. B25. C 26. B 27. A28. B 29. D 30. A 31.C 32. A 33. D34. B 35. C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者和妹妹为了得到梅子，帮助一位女士跑腿，结果看到这位女士 帮助Gomez一家，报酬只是孩子的画，感到温暖和甜蜜。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它属于一位年老的残疾女士，以送水果换取差事而闻名。A. juice果汁；B.rice 大米；C. meat 肉；D. fruit 水果。根据前文 “ Hungry and thirsty on our way home, my

33、young sister and I came across a splendid plum tree with bright reddish fruit.”可知，前文提到梅子树，它属于这位女士，所以 女1用水果换取差事。故选D项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们敲开她的门，要一曲梅子作为她跑腿的报酬。A. rejecting拒收；B. cancelling 取消；C. o fieri ng 供应;D. running 运行,跑。根据前文It belonged to an elderly disabled lady known fbr giving 1 in return for a

34、n errandn可知，这位女士会以送水果换取差事，所以作者和 妹妹希望要一些梅子作为她跑腿的报酬，runninganerrand意为“跑腿”。故选D项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那位女士笑了笑，给了我们两个空篮子。当我们把摘的最成熟的梅子装满 篮子时，她递给我们一袋鲜肉、大米和干豆子。A. large大的;B. clean干净的;C. empty空的;D. firm 坚固的。根据后文When we filled the baskets with the ripest plums we picked”可知，之后作者和妹妹用篮 子装满了梅子，所以开始给的是空篮子。故选C项。【24题

35、详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：把这个袋子和一篮子李子带到山顶上的Gomez家，带着他们的钱回来，你们 就会得到你们的。A. depart离开;B. return返回;C. survive幸存;D. travel旅行。根据后文“It looked like much money. Our 11 wasnt cleared until we handed the envelope to the plum lady.“ 可 知，作者和妹妹需要带着钱回到梅子女土家。故选B项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：把这个袋子和一篮子李子带到山顶上的戈麦斯家，带着他们的钱回来，你们 就会得到你们的。A.

36、make制作;B. purchase购买;C. obtain获得;D. increase提高。根据前文“We knocked on her door asking fbr some plums in payment for 2 an errand.”可知，作者和妹妹希望通过跑腿换水果，所以此处是他们把钱带回来，就能得到自己的报酬。故选C项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：戈麦斯太太开了门，身后有三个小孩。A. locked锁上；B. answered回答;C. decorated 装饰；D. painted 在上刷油漆。根据前文 “ With great expectations to

37、get our plums after the errand, we rushed to the Gomez home.”可知，作者和妹妹赶去了 Gomez家，所以此处是Mrs. Gomez开 H, answered the door 意为“应门”。故选 B 项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她丈夫卧病在床，FI子过得很艰难。A. hard困苦的；B. changeable可变 的；C. different 不同的；D. unsettled 多变的。根据前文 “Mrs. Gomez 6the door with threelittle children behind her. Her

38、 husband was sick in bed” 可知,Gomez 家有三个孩子,丈夫还卧病在床，所 以是日子过得很艰难。故选A项。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们耐心地告诉了她我们的打算，她似乎并不惊讶，而是用一个塞满了钱的 大信封表示感谢。A. doubtfiiHy迟疑地;B. patiently耐心地;C. helplessly无助地;D. secretly秘密地。根 据前文“Take this bag and one basket of plums to the Gomez family on the top of this hill,4 withtheir payment

39、 and you will 5 yours.w可知，梅子女士要求作者和妹妹给Gomez一家送食物，并 拿回钱，之后他们就能获得梅子，事情有点绕，所以需要耐心解释。故选B项。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们耐心地告诉了她我们的打算，她似乎并不惊讶，而是用一个塞满了钱 的大信封表示感谢。A. annoyed恼怒；B. injured受伤的;C. disappointed失望的;D. surprised惊讶的。根 据前文“We told her our intention ”以及后文 “but appreciated it with the payment” 中的转折可知,对于作 者和妹

40、妹到来目的并不惊讶，而是用一个塞满了钱的大信封表示感谢。故选D项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Gomez一家付得起这么多钱买食物吗?A. afford买得起；B. refuse拒绝；C. expect 预料；D. accepl 接受。根据前文 “Her husband was sick in bed and times were 7 可知，作者看到Gomez一家的情况，猜想是否能付得起这么多钱买食物。故选A项。31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的困惑直到我们把信封递给那位梅子女士才消除。A. cheque支票；B. appointment 约定；C. confusion 困惑；

41、D. baskets 篮子。根据前文“Could the Gomez 10topay so much for the food? n可知，作者对Gomez家是否能付得起这么多钱买食物而有疑问，所以此处 是困惑。故选C项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“可爱!”这位女士高兴地说，她把里面的东西从信封里抽出来。A. contents 所含之物；B. notes 笔记；C. stamps 邮票；D. letters 信。根据后文“In her hands were colorful drawings from the Gomez children, the Gomezs payment fb

42、r her food.M可知，是女士把信封里的东西拿出来，是 Gomez家的孩子画的画。故选A项。【33题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我和妹妹面面相觑，笑了起来。A. calmed down冷静下来；B. competed with 与.竞争；C. approved of 赞同；D. looked at 看。根据前文Could the Gomez 10to pay somuch fbr the food? Il looked like much money.” 以及 “In her hands were colorful drawings from the Gomez children, t

43、he Gomezs payment for her food. ”可知，作者和妹妹担心Gomez 一家是否有足够的钱，结果他 们是用小孩的画支付，所以作者和妹妹感到惊讶，面面相觑。故选D项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在回家的路上，我们享受着这位女士的款待。A. assistance帮助；B. treat款 待;C. company 公司;D. comfdrt 安慰。根据前文 “Take this bag and one basket of plums to the Gomez family on the top of this hill,4 with their payment a

44、nd you will 5 yours. ”可知，作者 和妹妹完成了梅子女士的跑腿任务，获得了梅子，所以是享受着这位女士的款待。故选B项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析二句意：流淌在我们手臂上的果汁就像我们内心的感觉一样甜蜜温暖。A. wish希望； B. promise诺言；C.佗eling感觉;D. appetite食欲。根据前文可知Gomez一家过得很艰难,而梅子女士帮 助他们，报酬只是Gomez家孩子的话，梅子女士的善举，让作者很感动，内心感到温软和甜蜜，所以此 处是表达“内心的感觉”之意。故选C项。第二节(共10小题;每小题L5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词

45、或括号内单词的正确形式。Resources satellites mainly take on the jobs of observing the earth, including the land areas and the oceans, and 36 (call) “photographers in space”. With the multispcctral (多光谱的)remote sensors loaded on the satellites, humans can not only survey resources but also forecast natural disas

46、ters. Resources satellites can even see through the earth, exploring mineral resources and historical 37 (site) that cannot be observed by our eyes.China Center for Resources Satellite Data and Application 38 (be) the largest land obsen ing satellite data center in China. Located in Haidian district

47、 in Beijing, it operates and manages 19 satellites, processing and distributing the satellite data. 39 monitoring natural resources and urban planning, its another task is to use satellite images 40 (support) disaster relief. When a disaster happens, the staff will immediately apply the satellites,

48、obtaining clear images in41(respond) to the disaster. So far, the center has obtained images ofdisasters including the floods in India, the MH370 disappearance, 42 the forest fires in Australia. Such satellite images arc offered to other countries free of charge, thus 43(provide) timely support fbr disasterassessment and relief.Chinas space industry has always been committed to enhancing human understanding of the earth,44 can better promote human development. One day, when we look up at the sky, we may find t