新概念英语第三册全部语法.docx

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1、新概念第三册知识点汇总新概念Lessonl-6l.When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted fbrty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriouslv.当伦敦动物园接到报告说，在伦敦以宙45英里处发现一只美洲狮时，这些报告并没有受到 重视。点评：此处 that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London 是 report 的同位语从句。take sth.

2、seriously认真对待2. Wherever it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits.无论它走到哪里，一路上总会留下一串死鹿以及死兔子之类的小动物。点评：a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits 本是 left 的宾语,现后置于 behind it 之后，显得句子结构更紧凑。3. It is disturbing to think that a dangerous wild animal is still at

3、large in (he quiet countryside. 想到在宁静的乡村里有一头危险的野兽继续逍遥流串，真令人担心。点评：此句是主语从句，it是形式主语，实际主语是that从句。at large为自由的，未 受管制的意思。4. The big clock which used to strike the hours day and night was damaged many years ago and has been silent ever since.教堂的钟很大，以前不分昼夜地打点报时，但在很多年前遭到毁坏，从此便无声无息了。点评：此句整体是个并列句，其中使用了定语从句对主语加

4、以修饰。5. Armed with a torch, the vicar went up into the clock tower to see what was going on.牧师拿着一支电筒走上钟楼想去看看究竟发生了什么事情。点评：此处Armed with a torch,过去分词作状语，分词作状语时，逻辑主语应与句子主语 一致。如：Seeing from the hill, you can see the whole city.Heated to 100,water will boil.6. In the torchlight, he caught sight of a figure

5、 whom he immediately recognized as Bill Wilkins, our local grocer.借着电筒光，他看见一个人，马上认出那是本地杂货店店主比尔威尔金斯。点评：caught sight of看见，发现，whom引导的定语从句,其中recognizedas 认出 为The city at one time must have been prosperous, fbr it enjoyed a high level of civilization.这座古城肯定一度很繁荣，因为它曾享有百度的文明。点评：must have been是表示肯定的推测,a hi

6、gh level of是高度的如：a high level of pressure高负荷压力They were amazed to find that the goddess turned out to be a very modem-looking woman.他们惊奇地发现那位女神原来是一位相貌十分摩登的女郎。点评：be amazed to do很惊奇地做某事，如：We were amazed to hear the news.我们听到这消息都感到惊奇。turned out to be结果是，原来是to be nJ以省略。点评：有时候适当加入简洁有力的短句，可以加强前后文的衔接。18. O

7、ne night, the gaoler decided to play a joke on his colleague to find out if, after so many performances, he had managed to learn the contents of the letter by heart.一天晚上，狱卒决定与他的同事开一个玩笑，看看他反复演出这么多场之后，是否已将信的 内容记熟了。点评：用前后逗号引入插入语是十分省事聪明的做法，如果把after so many years放在句子 最后，反而失去了强调的效果。19. One mans meat is an

8、other mans poison.甲之熊掌，乙之砒霜点评：对应的中英文成语，非常形象。20. The sad truth is that most of us have been brought up to eat certain foods and we stick to (hem all our lives.不无遗憾的是，我们中的大部分人，生来就只吃某几种食品，而且一辈子都这样。点评：The (sad) truth is that引导一个实例,括号内的形容词可以替换，以加强语义。21. Acting on a sudden impulse, I collected several doz

9、en, put them in a paper bag, and took them to Robert.我一时冲动，逮了几十只，装进一只纸袋里，带着去找罗伯特。点评：一连串动词的并列使用，可以增强文字效果。22. To our dismay, we saw that there were snails everywhere.使我们惊愕的庭门厅里到处爬满了蜗牛。点评：T。ones这样的结构放在句首，不仅使得句型多样化，而且更容易表达句意。23. We often read in novels how a seemingly respectable person or family has so

10、me terrible secret which has been concealed from strangers for years.在小说中，我们经常读到一个表面上受人尊重的人物或家庭，却有着某种多年不为人所知的 骇人听闻的秘密。点评：复杂句型的漂亮例子，how和which连接双从句。24. To varying degrees, we all have secrets which we do not want even our closest friends to learn, but few of us have skeletons in the cupboard.尽管我们人人都有各

11、种大小秘密。连最亲密的朋友都不愿让他们知道，但我们当中极少有 人有柜中骷髅。点评：我们经常要使用在“某种程度上”或者“不同程度上”来使我们陈述的观点不那么绝对， 而To varying degrees就是一个很好用的短语。25. I opened (he cupboard door and then stood in front of il petrified.我打开柜门，站在柜门前一下惊呆了。点评：非谓语动词过去分词放在句尾表示伴随状态。新概念 lesson2533She serves as an impressive reminder of the great ships of the p

12、ast.它给人们留下深刻的印象，使人们回忆起历史上的巨型帆船。点评：对比一下中文就知道serve as an impressive reminder of词组的威力了(简洁)Serve 不仅可以表示服务” serve as sth 在此表示 satisfy the need/purpose1. It marks the end of the great tradition of ships with sails and the beginning of a new era.它标志着帆船伟大传统的结束与一个新的纪元的开始。点评：mark 即 a sign of , mark the end of

13、. and the beginning of.很好扩展句子的方法，更 能增强表达的逻辑性There is no doubt that if she had not lost her rudder she would have won the race easily.亳无疑问，如果没有失去舵，它肯定能在比赛中轻易夺冠。点评：there is no doubt that很好的表示强调的方法。(谁说名家就不用套句了?)虚拟语气：对过去的假设：从句用had +过去分词，主句用would2. Much as we may pride ourselves on our good taste, we are

14、 no longer free (o choose (he things we want.尽管我们可以自夸自己的鉴赏力如何敏锐，但我们已经无法独立自主地选购自己所需的商 品了。点评：much as可译为“虽然很”，引导让步状语从句，表达方式很新。3. An advertisement which begins with the magic word FREE can rarely go wrong.凡是用“免费”这个神奇的词开头的广告都很少会失败的。点评：“凡是”英文并没有对译，而是用不定冠词+名词单数表示一类事物从而体现其普遍 性。“失败”也可以根据语境用go wrong.4. In lig

15、ht of this statement, teachers live by selling knowledge, philosophers by selling wisdom and priests by selling spiritual comfort.根据这种说法，教师靠卖知识为生，哲学家靠卖睿智为生，牧师靠卖精神安慰为生。 点评：很好的排比句，大家可以模仿，使自己表达更生动。in light of 依照”，可替代according tOoTramps seems to be the only exception to this general rule.在这条普遍性的规律面前：好像只

16、有流浪汉是个例外。点评：很棒的词组 the only exception to the general rule.5. He has deliberately chosen to lead the life he leads and is fully aware of the consequences.他是故意的选择鱼种生活的，并完全清楚以这种方式生活的后果。点评：这句话让我想到“环境保护”话题中负面的论据：很多肆无忌惮的(unscrupulous)化 工厂即使清楚滥排废弃物对环境有灾难性的影响，仍然我行我素。6. His few material possession make it pos

17、sible for him to move from place to place with ease.他几乎没有什么财产，这使他能够轻松自如的在各地奔波。点评：句子中表达否定意思不要总用not. Few就可以很好的表达否定的意思。with ease 可替换常用的easily。7. Beggars almost sell themselves as human beings to arouse the pity of passers-by.乞丐出售的几乎是他本人，以引起过路人的怜悯。点评：almosl可以使表达不那么绝对，更有说服力。arouse写作高频词 指make sb have a pa

18、rticular feeling or attitude 搭配有 interest,curiosity,1 had no sooner got off (he ship that i was assailed by a man who wanted to sell me a diamond我刚一下船就被一个人缠住了。点评：很常用的句式：no sooner.that. * 就It tool me over half an hour to get rid of him.我花了半个多小时才摆脱了他的纠缠。点评：很地道的词组get rid of摆脱Whether we find joke funny

19、or not largely depends on where we have been brought up.一个笑话是否好笑很大程度上取决于我布是在哪长大的。点评:whether引导的主语从句注意用陈述语序，largely相当于to a large extent, depend on 表示依赖或取决于In spite of national differences, certain funny situations have a universal appeal.尽管民族不同，有些滑稽情节却能产生普遍的效果。点评：表示让步的词组in spite of后接名词性单词或词组appeal不仅可以

20、作动词appeal to, 还可作名词表示吸引力。12. A new type of humour steins largely from the U.S., has recently come into fashion.近来一种新式幽默流行了起来，冠种幽默主要来自美国。点评：很棒的词组stem from “源于，come into fashion ”流行No matter where you live, you would find it difficult not to laugh at Charlie Chaplins early films.不论你生活在哪儿，你看了查理卓别林的早期电影

21、很难不发笑。点评：这句让我想到艺术是个分国界的，即使是不同的文化背景在艺术领域都总能够有所共 鸣。No matter +疑问词 表示让步：无论。13. They disregard social conventions without being conscious that they are doing anything extraordinary.他们不顾社会习俗，意识不到自己的所作所为有什么特殊之处。点评：“不顾”除了可用“regardless of”还可用disregard,注意多样表达。Without后可接 名词性结构，在此提示我们还可用系表being+adj.14. This in

22、variably wins them the love and respect of others, for they add colour to the dull routine of everyday life.他们总能赢得别人的喜爱和尊敬，因为他们给平淡的生活增添了色彩。点评：记住invariably可以表示总是给平淡的生活增添色彩add colour to the dull routine of life.15. Recognizing who the customer was, the manger was most apologetic and reprimanded the as

23、sistant severely.经理认出了这位顾客，表示了深深的歉意，并严厉的斥责了店员。点评：分词短语在这里表示原因状语Il look him four years to stage this elaborate joke simply to prove that critics do not always know what they are talking about.他花了 4年时间策划这出精心设计的闹剧，只是想证明评论家们有时并不了解他们谈论 的事情。点评：simply在此画龙点睛,与“four years,stage,elaborate”形成巨大反差,突出了人物 的性格特点“怪”

24、。16. Nothing of value was found, but the numerous items which were brought to （he surface proved to be of great interest.虽然没发现什么值钱的东西，打捞出来的众多的物品还是引起了大家极大的兴趣。点评：numerous许多后接可数名词复数。17. Despite the message, the captain of the Elkor decided to try once more.尽管船长接到了电报，他还是决定再试一试。点评：对比中文就知道despite的厉害了（简明），

25、表示让步，避免表达啰嗦。18. A day may begin well enough, but suddenly everything seems to get out of control. 一天开始时，可能还不错，但突然间似乎一切就失去了控制。点评：相当常用的词组：get out of control失去控制What invariably happens is that a great number of things choose to go wrong at precisely the same moment.情况经常是这样的，许许多多事情都偏赶在同一时刻出问题。点评：又一次看到“g

26、。wrong，语境有差异，但核心意思相同“出错”。很棒的套句：what invariably happens is that.19. It is as if a single unimportant event set up a chain of reactions.好像是一件无关紧要的小事引起了一连串的连锁反应。点评：as if在此引导表语从句。相当常用的词组a chain of reactions.新概念 lesson3442The more expensive kind of antique shop where rare objects are beautifully displaye

27、d in glass cases to keep them free from dust is usually a forbidding place.高档一点的古玩店为了防尘，把珍品漂亮地陈列在玻璃柜子里，那里往往令人望而却步。点评：定语从句关系副词where不定式表目的 to keep them free from dustNo one has to muster up courage to enter a less pretentious antique shop.对不太装腔作势的古玩店，无论是谁都不用注着胆子才敢往里进。点评：词组muster up courage Iodo 鼓起勇气做T

28、here is always hope that in its labyrinth of musty, dark, disordered rooms a real rarity will be found amongst the piles of assorted junk that litter the floors.人们还常常有希望在发霉、阴暗、杂乱无章、迷宫般的店堂里，从杂乱地搜放在地面上的、堆堆各式各样的破烂货里找到件稀世珍宝。点评：套句 There is always hope thatTo do this, he must be at least as knowledgeable

29、as the dealer.要做到这一点，他至少要像古董商一样懂行。点评：搭配 as+adj./adv.+as as knowledgeable as .和一样搏知Like a scientist bent on making a discovery, he must cherish the hope that one day he will be amply rewarded.他必须此像一个专心致志进行探索的科学家那样抱有这样的希望，即终有一天，他的努力会 取得丰硕的成果。点评：同位语从句Wc might say that justice has been done when a mans

30、innocence or guilt has been proved bevond doubt.当某人被证据确凿地证明无罪或有罪的时候，我们也许会说正义得到了伸张。点评：词组beyond doubt确凿无疑Justice is part of the complex machinery of the law.正义是复杂的法律体系的组成部分。点评：搭配be part of 是的组成部分Those who seek it undertake an arduous journey can never be sure that they will find it. 那些寻求正义的人走的是一条崎岖的道路

31、，从来没有把握他们最终将找到正义。点评：定语从句、宾语从句的修饰使的文章更具观赏性。1. Judges, however wise or eminent, are human and can make mistakes.法官无论如何聪明和有名，毕竟也是人，也会出差错的。点评：however连接副词“不管如何”，所引导的让步状语从句中经常可以省略某些词， 此处省略了 they are。1(). Reward or punishment is meted out quite independent of human interference.奖惩的实施是不受人的意志支配的。点评：词组meieoul

32、给予，处置quite independent of human interference 完全不受人的干预When we use a phrase like it serves him right, we are, in part, admitting that a certain set of circumstances has enabled justice to act of its own accord.当我们说“他最有应得”这句话的时候，我们部分地承认了某些特定的环境使得正义自动地 起了作用。点评：插入语用法in part搭配in pari部分地，在某种程度上of its own a

33、ccord 自愿的，自动的Yet, in real life, circumstances do sometimes conspire to bring about coincidences which anyone but a nineteenth century novelist would find incredible.不过，在现实生活中，有时确实会出现一些巧合，这些巧合除了 19世纪小说家外谁也不会 相信。点评：词组bring about 造成，导致连接词yet不过插入语 in real lifeThough Mrs. Bussman was fully acquainted wit

34、h (his story, she thought that there was a chance in a million that she might be right.尽管巴斯曼夫人熟知这个情况，但她仍然认为自己的想法有百分之一的可能性。点评：搭配be acquainted with 已知道让步状语从句11. Assuming that his family had been killed during an air raid, Hans settled down in a village fifty miles away where he had remained ever since

35、.汉斯以为全家人都在空袭中遇难，于是便在距此50英里外的一座村子里定居下来，直至当 日。点评：分词作状语I reflected (hat (here must be a great many people besides myself who wished to take advantage of this excellent service.我想除我之外，想利用快车之便的也一定大有人在。点评：宾语从句词组 lake advantage of 利用12. Neither was I surprised when the train stopped at Widley, a tiny stati

36、on a few miles along the line.火车开出几英里即在一个叫威得利的小站停了下来，对此，我也不觉得奇怪。点评：倒装句neither开头，要用倒装语序(倒装句可是雅思加分句式)They will be able, as it were, to see and hear us in action. 他们能够身临其境般地观看我们做事，倾听我们讲话。点评：插入语as it were “可以说”But the historian attempting to reconstruct the distant past is always faced with a difficult

37、task.但是，历史学家企图重现遥远的过去可是项艰巨的任务。点评：搭配be faced with面临，面对Even seemingly insignificant remains can shed interesting light on the history of early man. 即使看起来微不足道的遗物，也可能揭示人类早期历史中的一些有趣的内容。点评：词组shed light on. 使清楚地显出来，解释Up to now, historians have assumed that calendars came into being with the advent of aeric

38、ulture, for then man was faced with a real need to understand something about the seasons.历史学家迄今认为日历时随农业的出现而产生的，因为当时人们面临着了解四季的实际需 要。点评：词组uplonow迄今（状语前置）come into being 产生，形成Recent scientiric evidence seems to indicate that this assumption is incorrect.近期科学研究发现，这种假设好像是不正确的。点评：套句 “近期科学研究发现.”（观点是要这样引出！

39、）The rough road across the plain soon became so bad that we tried to get Bruce to drive back to the village we had come from.穿越平原的道路高低不平，开车走了不远，路面越加崎岖。我们想劝说布鲁斯把车开到我们 出发的那个村庄去。点评：搭配get sb. to do sth.说服某人做某事We felt sure （hat sooner or later a stone would rip a hole in our petrol tank or damage （he eng

40、ine.我们相信迟早会飞起一个石块把油箱砸开一个窟窿，或者把发动机砸坏。点评：词组sooner or later迟早，总有一天It has never been explained why university students seem to enjoy practical jokes more than anyone else.谁也弄不清为什么大学生好像比任何人都更喜欢恶作剧。点评：主语从句it做形式主语Students specialize in a particular type of practical joke: the hoax.大学生擅长一种特殊的恶作剧一戏弄人。点评：搭配sp

41、ecialize in 专门从事Only when he saw that the man was actually telephoning the police did he realize that they had all been the victims of a hoax.当他看到那个工人真的是给警察挂电话，才恍然大悟，原来他们都成了一场骗局的受害者。 点评：倒装句 Only whendid he realize that only+状语从句 放在句首，主句要倒 装（这是极为简单的倒装用法，所以我们不能放过它！）City born and city bred, I have alwa

42、ys regarded the country as something you look at through a train window, or something you occasionally visit during the weekend.我生在城市，长在城市，总认为乡村是透过火车车窗看到的那个样子，或偶尔周末去游玩一 下的景象。点评：原因状语：名词+过去分词:合成形容词city born and city bred城里牛.，城里长Most of my friends live in the city, yet they always go into raptures at t

43、he mere mention of the country.我的许多朋友都住在城市，但他们只要提起乡村，马上就会变得欣喜若狂。点评：搭配go into raptures 变得欣喜若狂起来 at (he mere mention of.一提到Though they extol the virtues of the peaceful life, only one of them has ever gone to live in the country and he was back in town within six months.尽管都交口是称赞宁静的乡村生活的种种优点，但其中只有一个人去农

44、村住过，而且不足6个月就回来了。点评：搭配extol the virtues of the peaceful life 称赞宁静的乡村生活的种种优点 让步状语从句Even he still lives under the illusion that countiy life is somehow superior to town life.即使他也仍存有幻觉，好像乡村生活就是比城市生活优越。点评：搭配 under an illusion有的错觉同位语从句13. If you can do without the few pastoral pleasures of the country, yo

45、u will find the city can provide you with the best (hat life can offer.如果你愿舍弃乡下生活那一点点乐趣的话，那么你会发现城市可以为你提供生活中最美好的 东西。点评：搭配do without . 没有也行If条件从句(从句现在时+主句将来时)(很简单，但同学们总会错)There is so much variety that you never have to make do with second best.物品品种繁多，从来不必用二等品来凑合。点评：搭配make do with. 凑合着用Cave exploration

46、, or pot-holing, as it has come to be known, is a relatively new sport.洞穴勘探一一或洞穴探险一一是一项比较新的体育活动。点评：插入语as it has come to be known,正如已逐渐为人所了解的那样Perhaps it is the desire for solitude or the chance of making an unexpected discovery that lures people down to the depths of the earth.寻求独居独处的愿望或寻求以外发现机会的欲望吸

47、引着人们来到地下深处。点评:强调句型 it is the desire .or the chance .that.14. In (his part of the cave, they could hear an insistent booming sound which they found was caused by a small waterspout shooting down into a pool from the roof of the cave.在这儿，他们可以听见一种连续不断的轰鸣声，后来他们发现这是由山洞顶部的一个人小孔 丽碰触的水柱跌落到水潭中时发出的声音。点评：插入语th

48、ey found现在分词短语做定语 shooting down into a pool from the roof of the cave.新概念 lesson4351Admittedly i( was an usual pie dish, for it was eighteen feet long and six feet wide.Admittedly副词提前雅思例句：Admittedly, the treatment is painful, but it benefits the patient greatly.1. LaunchShort after it was launched; the pie committee went to a local inn to celebrate.Launch a satellitelaunch a book/ a new productlaunch a campaign/ a inves