2018年天津高考英语真题及答案.pdf

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1、20182018 年天津高考英语真题及答案年天津高考英语真题及答案英语笔试英语笔试本试卷分为第 I 卷（选择题）和第 II 卷（非选择题）两部分，共 130 分，考试用时 100分钟。第 I 卷 1 至 10 页，第 II 卷 11 至 12 页。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考号填写在答题卡上，并在规定位置粘贴考试用条形码。答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回祝各位考生考试顺利！第第 I I 卷卷注意事项：注意事项：1.每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。2.本卷共

2、55 小题，共 95 分。第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分 4545 分）分）第一节：单项填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。例：Stand over there_ youll be able to see it better.A.orB.andC.butD.while答案是 B。1.Wasnt Joan supposed to be here by now?_.She will be here in about twenty minutes.A.AllrightB.Dont

3、 worryC.No wonderD.Enjoy yourself2.Kate,_sister Ishared a room with when we were at college,has gone toworkin Australia.A.whomB.thatC.whoseD.her3.At first Robert wouldnt let his daughter go diving,but eventually he_as she was so confident about her skills.A.gave inB.dressedupC.brokeinD.turnedup4.Let

4、s not pick these peaches until this weekend _they get sweet enoughto be eaten.A.ever sinceB.as ifC.even thoughD.so that5.Im moving in a few days and I wonder if you could help._.Just let me know when,and Ill be there.A.You betB.It dependsC.Forget itD.No kidding6.The_ that there is life on other plan

5、ets in the universe has alwaysinspiredscientists to explore the outer space.A.adviceB.orderC.possibilityD.invitation7.Ineed anew passport so I will have to have my photograph _.A.takingB.takenC.beingtakenD.take8.Ittook him a long time to_ the skills he needed to become a good dancer.A.displayB.acqui

6、reC.teachD.test9.The gold medal will be awarded to _ wins the first place in thebicyclerace.A.whomeverB.whereverC.whoeverD.whatever10.I cant find my purse.I_ it in the supermarket yesterday,but Im notsure.A.should leaveB.must have leftC.might leaveD.could have left11.Bob thought he couldnt go to the

7、 party because he had to write a report,buthe went _.A.at firstB.after allC.aboveallD.at random12.I didnt mean _anything but the ice cream looked so good that Icouldnt help_ it.A.to eat;to tryB.eating;tryingC.eating;to tryD.to eat;trying13.My washing machine _this week,so I have to wash my clothes b

8、y hand.A.was repairedB.is repairedC.is being repairedD.has been repaired14.It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house _we saw Lilyin the passenger seat.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where15.If we _the flight yesterday,we would be enjoying our holiday on thebeach now.A.had caughtB.caughtC.have c

9、aughtD.would catch第二节：完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 1635 各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。No one is born a winner.People make themselves into winners by their own 16.Ilearned this lesson from a(n)17many years ago.I took the head 18jobat a schoolin Baxley,Georgia.It was a small school wit

10、h a weak football program.It was a tradition for the schools old team to play against the 19team at theendof spring practice.The old team had no coach,and they didnt even practice to20thegame.Being the coach of the new team,I was excited because I knew we were goingtowin,but to my disappointment we

11、were defeated.I couldnt 21 I had got into suchasituation.Thinking hard about it,I came to 22that my team might not be the numberoneteam in Georgia,but they were 23me.I had to change my24about their ability andpotential.IstarteddoinganythingIcouldtohelpthembuildalittle25.Mostimportant,Ibegantotreatth

12、emlike26.Thatsummer,Whentheotherteamsenjoyedtheir 27,we met every day and 28passing and kicking the football.Six months after suffering our 29on the spring practice field,we won ourfirstgame and our second,and continued to30.Finally,we faced the number one teaminthe state.I felt that it would be a 3

13、1 for useven if we lost the game.But thatwasntwhat happened.My boys beat the best team in Georgia,giving me one of thegreatest 32of my life!From the experience I learnt a lot about how the attitude of the leader can 33themembers of a team.Instead of seeing my boys as losers,I pushed and 34them.Ihelp

14、edthem to see themselves 35,and they built themselves into winners.Winners are made,but born.16.A.luckB.testsC.effortsD.nature17.A.experimentB.experienceC.visitD.show18.A.operatingB.editingC.consultingD.coaching19.A.successfulB.excellentC.strongD.new20.A.cheer forB.prepare forC.help withD.finish wit

15、h21.A.believeB.agreeC.describeD.regret22.A.realizeB.claimC.permitD.demand23.A.reacting toB.looking forC.depending onD.caring about24.A.decisionB.attitudeC.conclusionD.intention25.A.prideB.cultureC.fortuneD.relationship26.A.leadersB.partnersC.winnersD.learners27.A.rewardsB.vacationsC.healthD.honor28.

16、A.riskedB.missedC.consideredD.practiced29.A.defeatB.declineC.accidentD.mistake30.A.relaxB.improveC.expandD.defend31.A.shameB.burdenC.victoryD.favor32.A.chancesB.thrillsC.concernsD.offers33.A.surpriseB.serveC.interestD.affect34.A.encouragedB.observedC.protectedD.impressed35.A.honestlyB.individuallyC.

17、calmlyD.differently第二部分：阅读理解（共第二部分：阅读理解（共 2020 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2.2.5 5 分，满分分，满分 5050 分）分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A AFireFire PreventionPrevention InformationInformationTheUniversityofAdelaideemploysafull-timestaffoffirepreventionprofessionals.Theyinspectallcampusbuildingsandtestandmaintainal

18、lsprinkler(喷水灭火装置)systems,fire alarms,and fire extinguishers(灭火器).Theyalso provide educational programs on fire safety in the residence halls.Wheneveryou move to a new area,you should locate thefire alarm pullstations and the two exitsnearest your room.FireFire AlarmsAlarmsThe floors of all campus b

19、uildings are equipped with manual(手动的)fire alarmsystems which include fire alarm pull stations and pipes.Most are also equipped withautomaticfire alarm systems consisting of heat detectors,smoke detectors andsprinklers.For your safety,never tamper with(胡乱摆弄)these systems.False firealarms are illegal

20、 and may lead to imprisonment.FireFire DrillsDrillsA fire drill will be conducted in your residence hall every semester.During a firedrill,please do the following:Take your room key and ID,close and lock the door to your room.Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit;do not use a lift.Meet ou

21、tside of your residence hall and wait for further instructions.FireFire ExtinguishersExtinguishersFire extinguishers are located on each floor and in each apartment.Use a fireextinguisheronly if you have been trained to do so.Irresponsible use of a fireextinguisher can create adangerous situation fo

22、r other residents and could resultin damage to personal property.Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines.S Smokemoke D DetectoetectorsrsA smoke detector is on the ceiling in your room.Some buildings also have heatdetectorson the ceilings.Do the following to ensure the safe operation of yo

23、ur smokedetector:If your smoke detector is working properly,the red light should be on.If the redlight is not blinking(闪动),contact residence hall staff immediately.Do not cover or block your smoke detector in any way.If a smoke detector sets off an alarm and there is no fire or smoke,inform yourhall

24、 staff.36.What is the main duty of the fire prevention professionals?A.To provide part-time jobs for students.B.To lead the students to the nearest exits.C.To check and maintain fire prevention equipment.D.To train teachers to be fire prevention professionals.37.What do the automatic fire alarm syst

25、ems include?A.Pipes and smoke detectors.B.Smoke detectors and sprinklers.C.Fire alarm pull stations and pipes.D.Sprinklers and fire alarm pull stations.38.In a fire drill,the students should _.A.rushquicklyto a liftB.gather at the nearest exitC.shut the door andleaveatonceD.wait for instructions in

26、the hall39.What do we know about the use of fire extinguishers?A.Using them wrongly results in punishment.B.Irresponsible use of them can damage them.C.Improper use of them can destroy the apartment.D.Using them without a trainer present is forbidden.40.To ensure the safe operation of the smoke dete

27、ctor,one should_.A.contact the hall staff regularlyB.cover the things that burn easilyC.start the smoke detector in a fireD.make certain the red lightis workingB BWhen I was 17,I read a magazine article about a museum called the McNay,oncethehome of a watercolorist named Marian McNay.She had request

28、ed the community toturn itinto a museum upon her death.On a sunny Saturday,Sally and I drove over tothe museum.She asked,Do you have the address?No,but Ill recognize it,therewas a picture in themagazine.Oh,stop.There it is!”The museum was free.We entered,excited.A group of people sitting in thehalls

29、topped talking and stared at us.May I help you?a man asked.No,I said.Were fine.”Tour guides got onmynerves.What if they talked a long time about a painting you werent thatinterested in?Sally had gone upstairs.The people in the hall seemed very nosy(爱窥探的),keeping their eyes on me withcuriosity.What w

30、as their problem?I saw somenice sculptures in oneroom.Suddenly I sensed a man standing behind me.Where doyou think you are?heasked.I turned sharply.The McNay Art Museum!He smiled,shaking his head.Sorry,the McNayis on New Braunfels Street.Whats this place?”I asked,stillconfused.Well,its our home.My h

31、eart jolted(震颤).I raced to thestaircase and called out,Sally!Come down immediately!Theres some really good stuff(艺术作品)up there.She stepped down,lookingconfused.Ipushedhertowardthefrontdoor,wavingatthefamily,saying,Sorry,pleaseforgive us,you have a really nice place.Outside,when I told Sally whathapp

32、ened,shecovered her mouth,laughing.She couldnt believe how long they let uslook aroundwithout saying anything.The real McNay was splendid,but we felt nervous the whole time we werethere.VanGogh,Picasso.This time,we stayed together,in case anything else unusualhappened.Thirty years later,a woman appr

33、oached me in a public place.Excuse me,didyouever enter a residence,long ago,thinking it was the McNay Museum?Yes.But how do you know?We never told anyone.That was my home.I was a teenager sitting in the hall.Before you came over,Ineverrealized what a beautiful place I lived in.I never felt lucky bef

34、ore.Youthought it was amuseum.My feelings about my home changed after that.Ive alwayswanted to thankyou.41.What do we know about Marian McNay?A.She was a painter.B.She was a community leader.C.She was a museum director.D.She was a journalist.42.Why did the author refuse the help from the man in the

35、house?A.She disliked people who were nosy.B.She felt nervous when talking to strangers.C.She knew more about art than the man.D.She mistook him for a tour guide.43.How did the author feel about being stared at by the people in the hall?A.Puzzled.B.Concerned.C.Frightened.D.Delighted.44.Why did the au

36、thor describe the real McNay museum in just a few words?A.The real museum lacked enough artwork to interest her.B.She was too upset to spend much time at the real museum.C.The McNay was disappointing compared with the house.D.The event happening in the house was more significant.45.What could we lea

37、rn from the last paragraph?A.People should have good taste to enjoy life.B.People should spend more time with their family.C.People tend to be blind to the beauty around them.D.People tend to educate teenagers at a museum.C CTheres a new frontier in 3D printing thats beginning to come intofocus:food

38、.Recent development has made possible machines that print,cook,and servefoods on amass scale.And the industry isnt stopping there.FoodFood productionproductionWith a 3D printer,a cook can print complicated chocolate sculptures andbeautifulpieces for decoration on a wedding cake.Not everybody can do

39、thatit takesyears ofexperience,but a printer makes it easy.A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodinito“re-createforms and pieces”of food that are“exactly the same,”freeing cooksto complete othertasks.In another restaurant,all of the dishes and desserts itserves are 3D-printed,ratherthan farm to table.Sus

40、tainability(Sustainability(可持续性可持续性)The global population is expected to grow to 9.6 billion by 2050,and someanalystsestimate that food production will need to be raised by 50 percent tomaintain currentlevels.Sustainability is becoming a necessity.3D food printingcould probably contribute to the sol

41、ution.Some experts believe printers could usehydrocolloids(水解胶体)from plentiful renewables like algae(藻类)and grass toreplace the familiar ingredients(烹饪原料).3D printing can reduce fuel use andemissions.Grocery stores of the future might stock foodthat lasts years onend,freeing up shelf space and reduc

42、ing transportation andstorage requirements.NutritionNutritionFuture 3D food printers could make processed food healthier.Hod Lipson,aprofessorat Columbia University,said,“Food printing could allow consumers to printfood withcustomized nutritional content,like vitamins.So instead of eating a pieceof

43、yesterdaysbreadfrom thesupermarket,youd eatsomething baked just foryou ondemand.”ChallengesChallengesDespite recent advancements in 3D food printing,the industry has manychallenges toovercome.Currently,most ingredients must be changed to a paste(糊状 物)beforeaprintercanusethem,andtheprintingprocessisq

44、uitetime-consuming,because ingredientsinteract with each other in very complex ways.Ontop of that,most of the 3D food printersnow are restricted to dry ingredients,becausemeat and milk products may easily go bad.Some experts are skeptical about 3D foodprinters,believing they are better suited for fa

45、stfood restaurants than homes andhigh-end restaurants.46.What benefit does 3D printing bring to food production?A.Ithelps cooks to create new dishes.B.It saves time and effort in cooking.C.It improves the cooking conditions.D.It contributes to restaurant decorations.47.What canwe learn about 3D food

46、 printing from Paragraphs3?A.Itsolves food shortages easily.B.It quickens the transportation of food.C.Itneeds no space forthe storage of food.D.Ituses renewable materials as sources of food.48.According to Paragraph 4,3D-printed food _.A.is more available to consumersB.can meet individual nutrition

47、al needsC.is more tasty than food in supermarketsD.can keep all the nutrition in raw materials49.What is the main factor that prevents 3D food printing from spreading widely?A.The printing process is complicated.B.3Dfood printers are too expensive.C.Food materials have to be dry.D.Some experts doubt

48、 3D food printing.50.What could be the best title of the passage?A.3D Food Printing:Delicious New TechnologyB.ANew Way to Improve 3D Food PrintingC.The Challenges for 3D Food ProductionD.3D Food Printing:From Farm to TableD DGive yourself a test.Which way is the wind blowing?How many kinds ofwildflo

49、werscan be seen from your front door?If your awareness is as sharp as it could be,youllhave no trouble answering thesequestions.Most of us observed much moreas children than we do as adults.A childs dayisfilled with fascination,newness and wonder.Curiosity gave us all a naturalawareness.Butdistincti

50、ons that were sharp to us as children become unclear;we arenumb(麻木的)tonew stimulation(刺激),new ideas.Relearning the art of seeing theworld around us isquite simple,although it takes practice and requires breaking somebad habits.The first step in awakening senses is to stop predicting what we are goin