任务型阅读-2023年中考英语练（江苏泰州市）.pdf

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1、05：【好 题 精 选】任 务 型 阅 读-2023年 中 考 英 语 专 题 练（含 答 案 解 析）（江 苏 泰 州 市）学 校:姓 名：班 级：考 号：一、阅 读 填 表（共。分）阅 读 下 面 短 文，并 根 据 所 读 内 容 在 文 章 后 表 格 中 的 空 格 里 填 入 一 个 最 恰 当 的 单 词，每 个 空 格 只 填 1个 单 词。When students get bored with the boring classes in the classroom,the practical classes inthe lab help them relax.There,s

2、tudents can get hands-on experience about the lessons theyhave learned.High school students are allowed to do the basic experiments（实 验）ofdifferent subjects of science,mainly physics,chemistry and biology.However,lab safetymatters.Lab safety rules are mainly about personal safety and proper ways to

3、use instrumentsto avoid accidents inside the lab.Middle school is the first chance for students to work in a science lab.Lab experimentsare carried out with great care.And the students are always told to follow the instructions tomake sure of lab safety.Firstly,you must be careful of your personal s

4、afety.While doingexperiments,you should be dressed in protective things,like gloves,safety glasses and caps.Since you are dealing with the instruments or the chemicals（化 学 制 品）for the first time,youmight be curious to try something new.But such activities often lead to lab dangers.So,avoidany kind o

5、f carelessness.There are different types of instruments inside a science lab.Physics labs are filled withdifferent electrical instruments,which need safe using steps.So you need to do theexperiments under the supervision（监 督）of your teachers until you are good at them.Dontmix the chemicals as you li

6、ke.It might cause danger.Also you should always keep a biologylab clean to avoid pollution.You are new to the lab and it is your duty to learn about the lab completely.You shouldlearn about the correct using steps of expensive instruments.Turn off the gas as soon as youfinish your experiments.You al

7、so should learn about where the fire extinguisher is and theworking of fire safety instruments.Lab rules for school studentsIntroductionExperiments can 2 students with hands-on experienceabout knowledge in the book.High school students have chances to do experiments in physics,chemistry and biology.

8、You have to keep yourself safe by 3 instrumentsproperly.Personal safety4 protective things while performing experiments isnecessary.Dont be 5 while dealing with the instruments or thechemicals.Safe operationDo the experiments under your teachers?supervision.Dont have the chemicals mixed because it m

9、ight be 6.Keep a biology lab clean so that it wont be 7.8 on learning aboutthe lab9 learn about how to use expensive instruments.Dont leave the gas 10 when you finish yourexperiments.Learn about where the fire extinguisher is and the working offire safety instruments.Shenzhou XIII taikonauts5（航 天 员

10、的）six-month stay at the Tiangong space station iswrapping up.Now they face one last test of their scientific and space travel skills returninghome safely.Before they come back to Earth in mid-April,what needs to be done beforeleaving the space station?If you are coming home after a long journey,you

11、have to pack up.For astronauts inspace,they need to“pack both experimental（实 验 的）information and samples（样 品）andtheir personal belongings,so they can be further researched on the Earth.试 卷 第 2 页，共 15页The astronauts have to tidy up many objects,including goods on the Tianzhou 3 cargo（货 物）spacecraft,a

12、ccording to Zhong Weiwei,a researcher at the China Astronaut Researchand Training Center.Since the space station has no room service,no one helps the three astronauts to“cleanthe house”.They need to collect a great amount of waste.This includes leftover food,sanitary（卫 生）waste and waste from in-orbi

13、t experiments.The waste is then put into the orbitalmodule（轨 道 舱）,and the orbital module burns up as it re-enters Earths atmosphere.They must put all equipment（设 备）in place correctly since there will be a gap of morethan one month before the astronauts of Shenzhou XIV enter the space station,accordi

14、ng toZhong.The three members need to make sure some items,such as gym equipment,are fixedto the walls to keep them from floating.Astronauts experience microgravity（微 重 力）for long periods of time during their stayson the space station,which has an effect on their bodies.This includes a loss of fluid（

15、体 液）,muscle atrophy（萎 缩）.Whats more,they lose bone.To make sure of their safe return,the three taikonauts have been doing physical exercisesto train their muscles fbr the return to the Earth.Based on their in-orbit physical examinations,experts have customized（定 制）exercise plans fbr each of them to

16、have a safe landing,Zhongtold China Daily.请 根 据 短 文 内 容，完 成 信 息 记 录 表，每 空 一 词。What needs to be done before Shenzhou XIII taikonauts 1 1 the space station.Things that need to be packed.12 their personal belongings,theyalso need to pack experimental infbnnationand samples.Things that need to be collec

17、ted.求 A large 13 of objects like goods onthe Tianzhou 3 cargo spacecraft.*The three astronauts need to“clean the houseby 14.Then they put the waste into the orbital module（轨 道 舱），15 burns up as it re-entersEarth 5s atmosphere.*A 11 equipment 16 be put in placecorrectly.*Some items are fixed to the w

18、alls to17 floating.The 18 of space travel on thehuman body.*A loss of fluid;*Muscle atrophy;*19 loss.The three astronauts havebeen doing exercises to return_ 20_.阅 读 下 面 短 文，根 据 短 文 中 的 信 息 完 成 文 后 表 格。在 答 题 卡 标 有 题 号 的 横 线 上，写 出 空 缺 处 所 填 单 词 的 正 确 形 式。（每 空 一 词）You may think that English dictionari

19、es have been used for many,many centuries.Thespelling of English has always been a problem,but it was more of a problem in the daysbefore a dictionary.In those days people spelt words in different ways which you might findinteresting.But it made reading English much more difficult.So dictionaries we

20、re invented toencourage everybody to spell the same.In fact,an English dictionary like the kind you usetoday wasnt made until the time of the Qing Dynasty.Three men did most of the importantearly work on dictionaries:Samuel Johnson,Noah Webster and James Murray.These menspent nearly all of their liv

21、es trying to collect words for their dictionaries.The largest dictionary in the world is the Oxford English Dictionary,or OED for short.The idea for this dictionary came from an important meeting in Britain in 1857.Twenty-twoyears later,Oxford University asked James Murray to be the editor of its ne

22、w dictionary.Murray had never been to college.At the age of fourteen,he left his village school inScotland and learned by himself while working in a bank.Later he became a great teacher.After Oxford gave him the job,Murray had a place built in the garden behind his house to dohis work.Part of it was

23、 one meter underground.In winter he had to wear a heavy coat and put试 卷 第 4 页，共 15页his feet in a box to keep warm.Every morning,Murray got out of bed at five oclock andworked several hours before breakfast.Often he would work by candle light into the evening.Murray hoped to finish the new dictionary

24、 in ten years.But after five years,he was stilladding words for the letter A!Then others went to work with Murray,and his two daughterswere among them.He worked on the dictionary until he was very old.Forty-four years later,in 1928,other editors finished it.It included more than 15,000 words in twel

25、ve books.Andyou thought your English dictionary was big!Notes on James Murrays lifeMurraysearly lifeBorn in Scotland.He left school at 14 and 21 himself whenhe worked in a bank,later became a great teacher.Murray?s work onOED*He became the editor of OED in the year 22.*His working 23 were bad.a.He w

26、orked in a part-underground place in the garden behind hishouse;b.He had to wear a heavy coat and put his feet in a box to keep warm;c.He got up early and didnt have breakfast 24 he workedseveral hours every morning;d.He often worked by candle light into the evening.*The time he spent on OED was muc

27、h 25 than expected.*Later others and his two daughters 26 him.Other information*OED was finished in the year 1928.It included 27 15,000words in twelve books.It is the 28 dictionary in the world.Thanks to it,people can 29 in the same way now.*For Murray,working on a dictionary wasnt only a _ 30_ buta

28、 wonderful journey.请 根 据 材 料 内 容，完 成 表 格，每 空 一 词。Everyone wants to find happiness.But sometimes looking for happiness can be as hardas looking for lost treasure.Just when you think you nearly reach it,something unexpectedhappens.This may puzzle you a lot.Here are some tips for helping you find happi

29、ness.Dont put all your eggs in one basket.You cant be happy if you depend on one thing orone person.You need to make your circle（圈 子）of friends and activities larger.Follow your heart.When we go against our own thoughts,we usually feel sad.Followyour strong feeling and let it guide you toward people

30、 and things that will make your lifebetter.Day by day,you will be happier than before.Organize your ideas.Many people push away happiness when they think too much.Dont keep everything in head.Try making a list of the things that seem too big to manage onyour own.You may find the list isnt as long as

31、 you thought.You can do most of the things byyourself.Look at your life as a whole.Most of the things that prevent us from feeling happy arejust some little things.Remember life is always going on,and whatever the little thing is,itwill end.Remember your values.We all have a value system,a way we ha

32、ve decided to gothrough life,which makes us feel like a good person.The important thing is to rememberyour values when life becomes hard.Keeping your values strong will help create happiness.Happiness can be hard to feel at times,so dont think there is something wrong with youif you dont feel it.The

33、 ways above will successfully help you to feel more of it.Ways to Find HappinessIntroduction Sometimes happiness is 31 to get.Tips for solving thepuzzleMake more 32 and take part in more activities.It is33 for you to find happiness if you depend on one thing or oneperson.Let your heart guide you tow

34、ard people and things that will 34your life.In this way,your 35 will grow.Write down the things that you seem 36 to manage on yourown.You will be happy to find you can do 37 things than youthought.试 卷 第 6 页，共 15页Look at your life as a whole.Whatever the unhappy things are,most ofthem will 38.Keep yo

35、ur values strong after youve made a 39 on how tospend life.Being a good person even when life is hard will help create happiness.ConclusionYou will b e_ 40_ in getting happiness with the help of the fivetips.任 务 型 阅 读 Getting electricity has always been a problem for the 173 people living in NuevoSa

36、posoa,a small village in Peru,South America.However,things went worse in March 2017after heavy rains damaged the only power cables（电 缆）in the area.The villagers were forcedto use oil lamps,which are not only expensive but also dangerous because of the harmfulgases they produce.Luckily,researchers at

37、 the University of Technology（UT）in Lima,Peru heard abouttheir problem and found a wonderful method to solve it.They made a lamp that can bepowered by plants and soil,both of which can be easily found in the Amazonian rainforestwhere the village lies.The lamp takes energy from a plant growing in a w

38、ooden box and usesit to light up an LED light bulb.While that may sound amazing and even impossible,the science behind the idea is quitesimple.As plants create their food（using the suns energy,water and chemicals from the soil）,they also produce waste which they return to the soil.Tiny animals in th

39、e soil eat this wasteand they produce electrons（电 子）.The UT team put special sticks inside the soil to get theenergy and keep it in the lamps batteries for later use.The researchers say a single charge（电 荷）can power a 50-walt LED light for two hours-enough time for local villagers to get theirevenin

40、g work done.The university gave ten Plant Lamps to the villagers of Nuevo Saposoa in October 2017.So far,they have been a huge success!Elmer Ramirez,the UT professor who invented thelamp,believes the Plant Lamp could help improve the lives of many people,especially smallrainforest communities,42%of

41、whom have no electricity.Topic:A new inventionthe Plant LampThe 41in the smallvillageThe people 42 in Nuevo Saposoa have trouble on electricity.However,things went worse for the only power cables there weredestroyed 43 heavy rains.The villages had to use oil lamps,although they are expensive to use

42、and can be 44 to peopleshealth.The method tosolve it Some researchers made a new kind of lamp.It can be powered bycommon objects 45 in the rainforest-plants and soil.The lamp takes energy from a plant growing in a wooden box and usesit to light up an LED light bulb.The scienceexplanation Plants crea

43、te their food and produce waste which goes 46 tothe soil at the same time.Some tiny animals 47 on the waste andproduce electrons.The UT team can get the energy and keep it in the lamps batteries.A50-walt LED light can be powered by a single charge for local villagers to48 their evening work.Conclusi

44、onTen Plant Lamps were 49 for the villagers in October 2017.Elmer Ramirez,the inventor of the lamp,believes that they could be themost_ 50_ for the small rainforest communities.Wonder why the New Year money always disappears so quickly?Well,this may bebecause you dont plan to spend it carefully.Plan

45、 a budget（预 算）and you will find you canstop your money from disappearing.A budget is a plan to control where your money goes.Careful budget can help you savefor the things you want,but cant pay for right now.Sounds useful?Look at the following before you start your budget:试 卷 第 8 页，共 15页1.Every week

46、 there are things we have to pay for,like school lunches and buses.Thereare also things we would like to spend money on just for fun!All of these are weeklyexpenses（开 销）.2.Since we cant have money for everything,we have to make choices.We need to askif we really need something or just want it.Needs

47、are what you must have in order to live,like food and water.Wants are things you would like to have or do,but that you could livewithout,such as CDs and cartoons.3.List what you must spend on needs and if there is money left over,what you willsave for the things you really want.This is called a budg

48、et.4.If you dont have enough money for what you need and want,you may have to giveup one for the other.Any budget will change.Keep an eye on yours.Maybe you wanted a cartoon book butnow you want an MP3 instead.Your needs may change into wants,or your wants may changeinto needs.Control your spendingB

49、ackgroundintroductionIf your New Year money 51 out too quickly,this may bebecause you dont have a 52 budget.What is abudgetA budget is a plan to place your money under 53.54 toplan a budgetHave a clear idea of your weekly expenses,paying special attention tothe money fbr the things that arent 55 Kno

50、w the 56between your needs and your wants.List all your needs as 57as your wants.Your wants will be cancelled if theres not enough money58.Make a wise 59 between your needs and wants;you mayhave to give up your wants for your needs.AdviceAs no budget is 60,make timely changes between yourneeds and w