UNIT1TOPIC2SECTIONA（知识精讲分层练习）八年级英语上册讲义（仁爱版）（教师版）.docx

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1、Unit 1 Topic 2 Section A号目标导航单词ill有病的；7K健康的fall ill 患病,病倒mind 介意：关心。思想，想法kick 踢；踹；踢（脚）pass 传球；传递；经过；推移；及格give sb. a hand帮某人一个忙do well in在某方面做得好certainly 确定，肯定somewhere 在某处throw 扔，投，掷shout at sb.斥责（某人）；对某人大声说fight 争论；打仗（架）do ones best 尽（某人）最大努力teamwork 协同工作，配合angry发怒的，愤怒的，生气的be angry wilh 对生气talk abo

2、ut 谈论;讨论短语1 .give sb. a hand = help sb.帮某人的忙2 . fall ( fell )ill = be ill 生病3 .be glad to do 乐意于做4 .one of + pi.(作主语时谓语用单数)One of the heroes comes / is from China.5 . mind ( not) doing sth.介意(不)做6 .practicc doing sth.练习做7 .start / begin doing sth.开始做某事8 .enjoy / like / love doing sth.喜欢做某事9 .keep do

3、ing sth.继续做某事10 .keep sb. doing sth,让某人一直做某事11 .keep sb. from doing sth. = stop sb. ( from ) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事12 .finish doing sth.完成做某毒13 .pass ( kick, throw, return, give, show, bring, teach ) sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb.递(.)给某人14 .make ( buy, cook, sing ) sb. sth. = make slh. for sb.为某人做(.)句型1.1m

4、 sorry fbr what I said. = Im sorry fbr my words.2.be sorry for doing sth. = be sorry to do sth. = be sorry + 句子 做后悔/遗憾/难过3.Im sorry fbr breaking / to break your ruler. = Im sorry I broke your ruler.4.Thats Ok. /Its nothing. /It doesnt matter. / Never mind.没关系5.She bought me a bike. = She bought a bi

5、ke for me.重点句子Would you mind teaching me?趣,知识精讲2 知识点01【课文原句】Michael,could you help me,please?could的否定形式是could not多缩写为couldnt,(1)表示能力，意思是：能,会。Could you speak English then?那时你能讲英语吗?He said he couldnt follow me.他说他跟不上我。(2)表示可能性，意思是：可能。That big cinema can scats 2.(X)0 people.那家大电影院能坐 2,000 人。He said he

6、couldnt come.他说他不能来。(3)提出请求、疑问或看法(could是虚拟语气，代替can,在时间上与can没有区别，只是语气比can 委婉。can语气直爽、肯定)。Could you let me have your passport?-Yes, here it is.(4)表示惊异、不信等情绪(用于疑问和否定句中，此时could与can用法相同，无时间上的差别，用 could语气缓和，情绪要弱)。Who could have taken ihem?谁会把它们拿走了呢？She couldnt have left so soon.她不可能这么快就走 了。(5)表示与事实相反的情况(用

7、于虚拟语气)。I would certainly do it for you if I could.要是我能做得到，我一定会为你们做这事儿。How I wish I could go with you!我多么希望和你们一道去!【即学即练1】Could you please(pass) the basketball to me?答案:pass3生知识点02【课文原句 1 Wc arc going to have a soccer game against Class Five on Saturday.Against在英语中是介词，而不是动词，可表示多种含义，我们要准确理解和正确使用“agains

8、t”，首先要 注意与其经常搭配使用的词语及其含义，还要当心它在不同上下文中所具有的不同意思。现将其常见含 义和用法归纳如下：一,表示反对违背(In hostile opposition or resistance to),其反义词为for。若表示“强烈反对，一般与 副词strongly搭配。如：1. Public opinion is strongly against his visit to the country.舆论强烈反对他访问这个国家。2. They are strongly against the idea.他们强烈反对这个意见。3. we shouldnt go against

9、nature.我们不应该违背大自然。4. What have you done is against the law.你所做的事情是违法的。5. Jane married Jack against her own will.简与杰克结婚，违背了自己的意愿。表示“反对”时，经常同那些与之含义相关的动词连用(如：fight, struggle, prot cst, argue, guard等)。如:6. The soldiers fought against the enemy bravely. 士兵们勇敢地打敌人。7. He struggled against those who opposed

10、 his plan.他同那些反对他的计划的人作斗争。8. Rules and regulations help teams function well, but we should always guard against making teams loo bureaucratic.规章制度有利于团队功能的发挥，但是我们经常应该防止使团队过于官僚制度化。二.表示位置，意为“靠着”、倚在、顶着等(In contact with so as to rest or press on)。如：1. Place the ladder against the wall.把梯子靠在墙上。2. The teac

11、hers desk is against the wall.老师的办公桌靠墙放着。3. He stood leaning against the tree.他站着斜靠在墙上。4. Put your bicycle against (he (ree.把你的自行车靠在树上。5. He stood with his back against the door.他背靠着门站着。三.表示撞击碰着之意(So as to come into forcible contact with)。如:1. The waves dashed against the shore.波涛撞击海岸。2. The rain wa

12、s beating the windows.雨点拍打着窗户。3. Tom hit his head against a tree in the dark.黑暗中汤姆的头撞在一棵树上。【即学即练2】(2007 福建，32) Although my opinion, the old professor didnt come up with his own.A. against B. on C. for D. in解析：选A。句意：虽然这位老教授反对我的观点，但并没有提出他自己的观点。against意为反对 (opposing or disagreeing with sb.) for 意为支持，拥护

13、(in support of sbAsth.)。2知识点03【课文原句】But one of my teammates fell ill.one of后面是加复数，用来表示什么中的一个，动词用单数第三人称。one of+名词复数，表示什么其中 之一。one of +人称代词，表示什么人当中之一。one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数，表示什么当中最 怎样的。one of +the+形容词最高级+名词复数1、Norman?Bethune?is?one?of?Chinas?mostfamous?heroes,?but?he?wasn,t?Chinesehe?was?Canadian.诺尔 曼

14、？白求恩是中国最着名的英雄之一，但他不是中国人，他是加拿大人。这里most之前有Chinas这样的限定 语了，就不要the 了。the, a?与this, ihal与my, your这三类限定词，只能用一个，不能同时用。2 This?is?one?of?lhe?besi?lelevisions?on?lhe?markei.这是目前销售的品种最好的电视机之一。one of +名词复数1、She?is?one?of?those?vain?people?who?never?take?others?advice.她属于那种自负得从不听别人劝告的 人。2、One?of?the?gangsters?was

15、?caught?by?the?police.歹徒之一被警察逮捕。3、He?is?one?of?my?friends.?他是我的一个朋友。【即学即练3】The?Great?Wall?is?one?of?the(sight)?of?the?world.长城是世界名胜之一。答案：sights【课文原句】Would you mind teaching me?Would you mind句型一般用在面对陌生人时或者非常正式的场合，用来表达委婉、客气的意愿，不用在 朋友之间，或者普通、随便的场合。would you mind doing sth 你介意做某事吗? ?例： Would you mind lo

16、oking after my baby while Im away?我不在的时候，你介意不介意照看一下我的小孩？Would?you?inind?taking a few books to him?烦劳您带几本书给他。Would?you?mind?paying for me? Ill pay?you?back later.你先给我垫上，以后再还你。常用用法还有:1 . Would you mind +名词宾格/形容词性物主代词?+ doing.意为“某人做某事，你介意吗？ ”would you mind iny/his/her/(heir doing sth 你介意我/他/她/他们做某事吗例：W

17、ould you mind me/my smoking here?你介意我在这里抽烟吗？Would you mind me/my opening the window?你介意我开窗户吗？2 .Would you mind + if从句。谓语动词常为过去式，用来表示委婉的语气例：Would you mind if I smoke?你介意我抽烟吗？Would you mind if I weresay.say.我这样说的话，你介意吗？注意:Would you mind后面不能加不定式，即to do对于Would you mind.?这一口语句型的回答请注意以下几点。如：对该句型的回答，本质上是针对

18、mind的回答，所以。如：a.?肯定回答=介意(mind) =不同意b.?否定回答=不介意(not mind)=同意L?表示不同意时.，通常的问答有(有时为了使语气委婉，通常不直接用Yes)。如：Yes, I do mind.?是的，我很介意。Please dont请不要Better not, please.?请最好不要Id rather you didnt.?我宁愿你不Im sorry, but.很抱歉，最好(别)等等。3 .?表示同意的通常回答有：Oh, no. please.?不介意，有请。No, nol al all?不介意，一点不介意。Not at all.?一点也不介意。Of co

19、urse not.?当然不介意。No, go ahead.?不介意，你请吧。【即学即练4】-Would you mind if I smoke here?A.?Yes, please?B.?No, please dont C.?Sorry, please?D.?Sorry, please don,l 此题应选D。容易误选A。本题主要涉及Would you mind?这一口语句型的回答问题。题组A基础过关练根据汉语提示填空Excuse me, do you have tickets for the concert?Sorry, we have （没有一个）left.1. Please be ca

20、reful when you go across the road, or a car may（撞）you.2. They are all good boys with hearts of gold. They will never.（偷）The sweater is old and a little big for you. but it will keep you warm.（至少）3. I am sorry I cant go to your party. I have the（流感）.用所给单词的正确形式填空Judy writes?(person) letters to 、Daddy“

21、every month, telling him of her study.4. We should do something to prevent people useless things into rivers, (throw)He will be known around the world as the telephone(invent).5. Ifs difficult fbr me(finish) the work in two days.6. Biro was the(invent) of the ballpoint pen.【解析】nothing【详解】句意：打扰一下，你们有

22、音乐会的票吗？ 对不起，我们没有余票。结合句意和“left”可 知，没有一个”的英文表达为nothing,为“不定代词+形容词”的结构。故填nothing。1. hit【详解】句意：过马路的时候请小心，否则会有车撞到你。根据汉语提示，动词hit“撞，击打”，放在情 态动词“may”后用动词原形，故填hit。2. steal【详解】句意：他们都是心地善良的好孩子。他们永远不会偷东西。steal偷”：will后跟动词原形。故填 steal。3. at least【详解】句意：这件毛衣旧了，对你来说有点大，但至少能保暖。至少：at least,介词短语作状语。故填 at least o4. flu【

23、详解】句意：我很抱歉我去不了你的聚会了。我得了流感。根据空前冠词the可知，此处需用名词；flu“流感”，名词作宾语。故填flu。5. personal【详解】句意：朱迪每个月都给“爸爸”写私人信件，告诉他她的学习情况。person、，名词，这里修饰 名词“letters”用形容词personal“私人的故填personal o6. throwing【详解】句意：我们应该做些什么来阻止人们把无用的东西扔进河里。throw“扔”，动词；prevent sb doing sth表示“阻止某人做某事”，固定搭配，因此这里应用throw的-ing形式。故填throwing。7. inventor详解】

24、句意:他将作为电话发明家而闻名于世。根据He will be known around the world as the telephone.”可知，be known as表示”作为而出名”，as后接表示身份的名词；结合所给词可知，此处要用invent的名词inventor,表示“发明者,发明家故填inventor。8. to finish【详解】句意：两天内完成这个工作对于我来说是困难的。根据语境及句意可知，这是句型It is +形容词+ for sb. to do sth.“对于某人来说做某事是的”，因此这 里应填动词不定式to finish, finish完成，是一个动词。故填to fi

25、nish。1(). inventor【详解】句意：拜罗是圆珠笔的发明者。根据“Biro was ihe”和所给词汇可知，空处应填名词单数，表示 拜罗是发明者,“invent”“发明”，动词,应改为“inventor”“发明者”。故填invenlor。题组B能力提升练I.单项选择。1. They didnt go hiking yesterday the heavy snow.A. because of B. asC. sinceD. because一The doctors advise us not to hang out in the crowded supermarkets.一Thats

26、fbr sure.is more important than our health.A. SomethingB. AnythingC. NothingLook! There is a little bird. Mom.It flew into my room the window just now.A. throughB. aboveC. underD. in4. he is rich enough to get anything, he isnt happy at all.A. UnlessB. BecauseC. As5. What did you buy for your son at

27、 the supermarket?I bought because I couldnt find he likes.A. something; anything B. anything; something C.6. Would you mind my opening the window?.Its much too hot here.A. SureB. Of course notC.7. May I ask you some questions, Mr. Wu?8. he is rich enough to get anything, he isnt happy at all.A. Unle

28、ssB. BecauseC. As9. What did you buy for your son at the supermarket?I bought because I couldnt find he likes.A. something; anything B. anything; something C.10. Would you mind my opening the window?.Its much too hot here.A. SureB. Of course notC.11. May I ask you some questions, Mr. Wu?D. Althoughn

29、othing; anythingAll rightD. GoodbyeA. CertainlyB. Catch youC. No wayLook! The sunlight can come in(he windows and warm up (he whole living room.A. overB. belowC. acrossD. throughAlice bought some presents fbr her parents, but she didnt buy fbr herself.A. somethingB. nothingC. anythingThere a New Yea

30、rs Day party next week, so students arc preparing for it now.A. isB. areC. will beD. will have【解析】1. A【详解】句意：因为大雪，他们昨天没去远足。考查连词辨析。because of ”因为”，后加名词短语、代词或动名词;as”由于同since自从;既然”； because“因为”，后加句子。空后为名词短语，此处应用because of。故选A。2. C【详解】句意：医生建议我们不要在拥挤的超市里闲逛。这是肯定的。没有什么比我们的健康 更重要。考查代词辨析。something某物；anything

31、任何事情；nothing没有什么;根据“.is more important than our health”可知此处是指没有什么比我们的健康更重要，否定词+比较级二最高级的结构，故选C 3. A【详解】句意：看！妈妈，有一只小鸟。它刚才从窗户飞进了我的房间。 考查介词辨析。through (从内部)穿过；above在之上；under在下面；in在里面。根据“Itflew into my roomthe window”可知，鸟穿过窗户飞进房间，介词用through。故选A。4. D【详解】句意：虽然他很富有，能够得到一切，但是他根本不快乐。考查连词辨析。Unless 除非;Because 因为

32、；As 当;Although 虽然。根据he is rich enough to get anything”和“he isnt happy at all”可知，两者之间表示让步关系，用although引导让步状语从句。故选Do5. C【详解】句意：你在超市给你儿子买了什么？我什么都没买，因为我找不到他喜欢的东西。考查代词辨析。something某物，一般用于肯定句；anything任何事物，一般用于否定句和疑问句； nothing没有什么。根据1 couldnt find.he likes.”可知亲二空应用anything,表示“找不到任何他喜欢的东 西”；所以第一空应该用nothing表示“

33、什么都没买“。故选C。6. B【详解】句意：你介意我打开窗户吗？ 当然不介意。这里太热了。考查情景交际。Sure当然;Of course not当然不介意：All right好的。根据问句“Would you mind my opening the window?”及much too hot here.”可知此处应回答“不介意”，因此用“Of course not”。故选Bo7. A【详解】句意：吴老师，我可以问你一些问题吗？当然！考查情景交际。Certainly当然；Catch you抓住你了; Noway没门;Goodbye再见。根据May I ask you some questions

34、”可知此处对别人的请求表示同意，选项A符合语境。故选A。8. D【详解】句意：看！阳光可以通过窗户进来，温暖整个客厅。考查介词辨析。over在 之上；below在 之下；across穿过（从表面穿过）:through穿过（从物体 内部穿过）。根据“The sunlight can come in . the windows”可知，阳光从窗户（内部）穿入到房间,故选Do9. C【详解】句意：爱丽丝给她父母买了一些礼物，但她没有给自己买任何东西。考查不定代词辨析。something某事，某物；nothing没有什么；anything任何事,常用于否定句和疑问 句。根据Alice bought so

35、me presents fbr her parents, but she didnt 句y”可知,空格所在句为否定句,表示她 没有给自己买任何东西，应用anything。故选C。10. C【详解】句意：下周将有一个元旦晚会，所以学生们现在都在准备。考查there be句型的一般将来时。根据“next week”可知，此处是一般将来时，there be句型的一般将来时 结构为there will be。故选Co完形填空。Many people say volleyball is easy. If you can hit it in the air, you can play volleyball

36、. I agreed with those people in （he past. II now I find it is not really so.I wasnt good at volleyball at first. But after 12 hard with my mother, I was sure that I could join my school 13 and suiprise everyone. Playing volleyball wasnt that easy. When I played with the team, I was unable to work wi

37、th other players successfully. I felt sad. Isnt volleyball just about hitting the 14 ? I began a few weeks of （raining（训I练）with （he team. Then, we had our first 15 against Park School. The Park School players were full of experience. However, most of my teammates were not. I could 16 hope to win.But

38、 during the game, I enjoyed the game and felt J_ working together with my teammates. The sounds of running feet, loud shouts and cheers（欢呼）filled us with warmth. After the game, everyone was excited and18 our teamwork.Thats when I started to know that being on the school team meant 19 together with

39、others. I 20 how cooperalion（合作）is of great importance. Volleyball helped me make friends, learn new things, and find mytrue self within a group.11. A.ButB.AndC.OrD.So12. A.practicingB.talkingC.drivingD.silling13. A.uniformB.teamc.classD.homework14. A.manB.groundc.cornerD.ball15. A.hillB.holec.gameD

40、.yard16. A.hardlyB.neverc.oftenD.always17. A.awfulB.terribleC.happyD.alive18. A.worried aboutB.heard aboutC.knew aboutD.talked about19. A.livingB.workingC.writingD.warning20. A.enteredB.cutC.understoodD.shook【解析】II. A?12. A?13.B?14. D?15.C?16. A?17.C?18.D?19. B?20. C【导语】本文讲述了“我”通过练习打排球并进行比赛，在比赛过程中感受

41、到了快乐。打排球不仅仅是赛场 上的输赢，还能学习团队合作的重要性。11 .句意：但是现在我发现并非如此。But 但是;And 和；Or 或者;So 所以。“I agreed with those people in the past.”和空格后的内容“I find it is not really so”两者意思相反，是转折关系，用But。故选A。12 .句意：但和我的妈妈努力练习之后。practicing 练习：talking 讨论；driving 驾驶；sitting 坐。根据“I wasnt good at volleyball at first”和I was sure that I c

42、ould join my school”可知虽然开始“我”并不擅长排球，但是“我”相信能加入校队，推测中间是经 过了练习和训练才产生了信心。故选A。13 .句意：我相信我可以加入校队，并惊艳所有人。uniform 校服；team 队伍;class 班级；homework 作业。根据下文的When I played with the team”可推测是 加入了学校的校队。故选B。14 .句意：打排球不就是击球吗？man人；ground地面；corner角落；ball球。根据常识可推测打排球是要击打排球，而非人、地面或者角 落。故选D。15 .句意：然后我们和帕克学校进行了我们的第一场比赛。hil

43、l 小山；hole 洞；game 游戏,比赛;yard 院子。根据下文的“But during the game, I enjoyed the game”可 知此处应该用game。故选C。16 .句意：我几乎不希望能赢。hardly 几乎不;never 从不;often 经常;always 总是。根据“The Park School players were full of experience. However, most of my teammates were not”可知敌我战况的对比中，我方处于劣势，几乎没有赢的希望。故 选Ao.句意：在比赛当中，我很享受这场比赛，并且很高兴能与队友

44、合作。awful糟糕的；lerrible可怕的；happy高兴的；alive活着的。根据上文的enjoyed可知要选一个情绪色彩 相近的词，即积极情感的词汇。故选C。17 .句意：比赛之后，每个人都很激动，并讨论我们的团队合作。woiTied about 担心：heard about 听至ij： knew about 知道：talked about 谈论，讨论。根据“everyone was excited”可推测应该是热烈地讨论比赛中的事情。故选D“.句意：在那时，我开始意识到：加入校队意味着要和他人进行团队合作。living生活；working工作，合作；writing写；warning警

45、告。working together团队合作，是固定搭配。 故选Bo.句意：我理解了合作的重要性。entered 进入；cut 剪；understood 理解；shook 摇晃。根据Thats when I slarled to know thal.”可知我开始 明白了某些道理，结合imporiance重要性的常用搭配是understand“理解”。故选C。IH.阅读理解。All over the world, people enjoy sports. Sports are good fbr peoples health. Many people like to watch others pl

46、ay games. They buy tickets or turn on their TV sets or may be online to watch.Sports change with the seasons. People play different games in different seasons. Sometimes they play inside the room. Sometimes they play outside. We can find sports here and there. Some sports are rather interesting and

47、people everywhere like them. Football, for example, is very popular in the world. People from different countries cannot understand each other, but after a game they often become very friendly to each other.18 . Sports arc good for.A. the playersC. the coaches22. If you like sports, you can.A. buy tickets to watch the gamesC. watch th