中考英语情态动词讲义.docx

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1、情态动词and系动词can, could的用法may, might的用法must的用法 情态动词Ineed的用法should的用法 had better的用英 be动词系动词K感官动词情态动词概念情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义，表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气的动词特点不露单独作谓语,只能和其他动词原形构成复合谓语没有人称和数的变化和动词原形连用基本句型肯定句、否定句、疑问句否定句型主语+情态动词+not+动词原形疑问句型情态动词+主语+动词原形I can ride a motorbikeThey can play basketball否定句：疑问句：can表示能力才旨在体力或脑力方面的能力,意为

2、能;会，可用be able to代替He said he couldnt walk any farther.He said he walk any farther.(2)表示许可，意为可以，和may意思相近,疑问句请求用could语气委婉Can I use your pen?Could you tell me who the lady in green is?表示可能性，意为可能，常出现在否定句中。It cant be true表示推测，通常只用于否定句或疑问句,表达肯定推测通常用mustShe cant be Lily. She has gone to America.The news mu

3、st be true.惯用句型cannot be too+adj.再也不为过When driving, you cannot be too careful.开车时你再小心也不为过拓展:n.美）罐头，听头，罐子搭配can but do sth,只得,充其量不过e.g. We can but try.我们至少可以试一试can not. but不得不e.g. I can not choose but go.我另ll无选择只能去。can11 help doing sth情不自禁做某事e.g. I cant help feeling sorry for the poor man我不禁为这个可怜的男人感到

4、难过情态动词could1 . could是情态动词can的过去式,意为可以;能够。否定形式为couldntI could run after a bus and catch it twenty years ago20年前我可以追上汽车2 .表示请求、允许等,语气比can更客气、委婉。Could you show me the way to the hospital?你能告诉我去医院的路吗3 .表示建议和忠告（并不表示是过去时间）We could go to the cinema我们可以去看电影。表请求许可时,意为可以。否定形式may not,但常用caMt或mustMt来表达May I lea

5、ve the book with you?我可以把这本书交给你吗？Yes, you/can. （No, youmustnt.）是的，你可以。（不，你不可以TT2）表示可能性时，常译成也许,可能。Sheto Shanghai next week.下周她可能要去上海闲寺殊疑问句中时，表示一种不确定的语气常译成会，究竟。Who may the boy be?那个男孩会是谁呢may be情态动词may+动词原形be：在句中作谓语maybe副词=perhaps,常放在句首作状语This methoduseful =this method is useful情态动词mustmust是情态动词,表示后跟动词

6、原形,否定形式是mustnt表示，表示语气较为强烈的禁止。你们必须遵守这些规定拓展】Must l/we,结构的一般疑问句的肯定回答是 否定答语是 或我今大必须完成任务吗?是的，你必须完成不/尔不必完成needneed用作实义动词，意为 其后常跟名词、代词或动词不定式作宾语，有人称时态和数的变化。如:汤姆需要一支钢笔。Tom needs我今天需要工作。I needtoday. need布蔡动词时，常用于否定句和疑问句中淇后跟动词原形。如:今天我需要去那儿吗?对含情态动词must的一般疑问句作否定回答时常用 如： -我必须现在回家吗?-不,你没必要情态动词shouldI should的用法 sho

7、uld作情态动词，表示责任和义务,含义是,可用于各种人称。2. should用于不同句式中肯定句否定句一般疑问句主语+should+动词原形+其他主语+should not/ shouldn,t +动词原形+其他Should+主语+动词原形+其他？特殊疑问句What should +主语+动词原形？（以what为例）你认为我该做些什么?你应该听你父母的话。昨晚你不应该出去。我应该先量体温吗?系动词be的用法系动词be有am,is,are,三种形式，在使用时,要根据句子主语来选用相应的系动词用法口诀是:我是am/尔是are;is跟着他，他，它要问复数用什么,起后全部都用are。主语为不可数名词时

8、，动词用iso（一）be动词用于肯定句中当动词be在肯定句中，常放在主语后。例:l am from Canada.我来自加拿大。He is Mike.他是迈克。（二）be动词用于否定句中be动词用于否定句中时，常在其后加not也可以用其缩写形式Mtis not=isnt are not= arent 如：l am not= Im not.例:l m not from Canada,我不是来自加拿大。She isnz t Maria.她不是玛丽安。be动词用于一般疑问句中及其简略答语中的位置在一般问句中，动词be位于句首，句末读升调，其答语常用yes或no;其简略回答为 肯定回答时，动词be不能

9、用缩写形式例:Is he/ she from Japan?他/她来自日本？Yes/he/she is.是,他/她是。No, he/she isnt不,他/她不是（四）be动词用于特殊疑问句中动词be在疑问句中时，应该把它放在主语之前，如果是特殊疑问句,句首还有特殊 疑问词如:Is he Li Ming?他是李明吗？Where are you from?你来自哪里？（五）缩写形式not-ntthats =that is is not= isnt name ls= names are not =arent are- zre Issthey are=theyre what is=whats we a

10、re=we re he is=hesyou are- youre lts=it is感官类系动词 look, sound,smell, taste,feel作连系动词看/听/闻/尝/摸起来后面接形容词作表语,说明主语所处的状态除look之外，其它几个的主语往往是物,不是人;可接介词like短语eg. She looks well today.她今天看上去很不错。（well做形容词,表身体好）The flowers smell sweet那些花间起来很香 Her idea sounds like fun.她的主意听起来很有趣。1.Listen ! I think it be Jenny sing

11、ing in the next office-No It be her. She left for the library just now.A.must mustnt B may: needntC. must cantD need. cant2.Shall we go shopping now?-Im afraid I. I have too much homework to do.A cantB needntC mustntD shouldnt3.-Are Grace and Joe coming to Happy Camp by plane?-K m not sure. It is sa

12、id that their father drive them here.A. must B.need C.may D.have to4 .(单选)One easily lose his way when he visits or comes to a new place-I agree with youA. may B need C must D should5 .-Must I answer the question in English?-No,you. You can answer it in Chinese.A shouldntB cantC mustntD neednt6 .-Mu

13、st I feed the fish every day?-No,you, You can feed them every two daysA.needntB mustntC cantD shouldnt7 .-I come back before five oclock?-No, you, But you cant be back later than seven o clock.A Need mustB may, mustntC Can, cantD Must neednt8 .-You( are supposed to) type quickly when talking with others on QQ.A must B.can C should D.would