2023年高考英语常考知识点归纳总结.docx

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1、 2023高考英语常考知识点归纳总结 让步状语从句 1、though,although,as的区分 A、Though,although的主句中可以用yet, still, nevertheless,但不行使用but。 B、though引导的从句可以倒装，也可以不倒装;as引导的从句必需倒装;although引导的从句不能倒装。其构造为：形容词/分词/副词/动词原形/名词(无冠词)+as/though+主语+谓语 2、though可用作副词，放在句末，意为“不过，但是”。Although无此用法。 3、某些短语也引导让步的从句或短语，意为“尽管”，如：in spite of the fact t

2、hat, despite the fact that,regardless of(the fact that) 句子种类 1、陈述句的否认 (1)在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，当主句的谓语动词是think, expect, believe, suppose, guess, fancy,imagine等，且主句主语是第一人称时，宾语从句谓语的否认习惯上要移到主句谓语上，如: I dont think he is right. (2)含有否认意义的副词never, seldom, hardly, scarcely, rarely, barely的句子应视为否认句，如: I have never b

3、een there before. 2、反意疑问句 (1)need和dare 既可作情态动词，又可作实意动词，在反问局部须加以区分，如We neednt leave, need we? We dont need to leave, do we? (2)陈述局部消失否认意义的副词或代词如never, seldom, few, hardly, little等时，反问局部须用确定形式，如：He seldom comes, does he? (3)陈述局部用不定代词作主语时，反问局部的主语用it ，如：Nothing can stop me, can it? 陈述局部用everybody, every

4、one, somebody, someone，等作主语时，反问局部常用it，有时也用they，如:Everybody knows that, dont they? (4)陈述局部包括used to 时，反问局部可有两种形式，如: You used to get up early, usednt (didnt) you? (5)陈述局部是there + be构造时，反问局部用there，如:Theres something wrong with you, isnt there? (6)陈述局部是含有宾语从句的主从复合句时，反问局部的主语和谓语应和主句保持全都，如: He never told o

5、thers what he thought, did he? 但，假如是I think , I believe等+宾语从句时，反问局部须和从句的动词保持全都，如，I dont think he is right, is he? I dont believe he does that, does he? 3、感慨句 用what或how, What a beautiful park it is. How beautiful a park it is. How beautiful the park is. How we worked! 4、祈使句 Take care! Dont stand ther

6、e. Please open the door for the old lady. 高考英语必背语法学问点 英语中过去分词可作宾补，(此时的过去分词一般是及物动词)表被动意义或完成意义，有时两者兼而有之。做宾补的过去分词与宾语有规律上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。如： She found the door broken in when she came back.(宾补与宾语有被动的关系，表一种状态。) 一. 过去分词用在表状态的动词keep,leave等的后面。 Eg:They kept the door locked for a long time. Keep your mout

7、h shut and your eyes open.(谚语：少说多看) Dont leave such an important thing undone. Dont leave the windows broken like this all the time. 二.过分词用在get,have,make, 的后面。 1.留意“have +宾语+过去分词”的两种状况： A)表让某人做某事/让某事(被人)做 eg: I have had my bike repaired. The villagers had many trees planted just then. B)表遭受到某种不幸，受到打

8、击/受.影响，蒙受. 损失 Eg:I had my wallet stolen on a bus last month. The old man had his leg broken in the accident. He had his leg broken in the match yesterday.(MET1986) 2.make+宾语+过去分词,在这种构造中，过去分词的动词必需是表示结果含义的。如： They managed to make themselves understood in very simple English. I raised my voice to make

9、myself heard. 三、过去分词用在感观动词watch,notice,see,hear,listen to ,feel,find等后面。如 When we got to school,we saw the door locked. We can hear the windows beaten by the heavy rain drops. He felt himself cheated. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see carried out the next year.(NMET2023) 四、

10、过去分词用在want,wish,like ,expect等表示“盼望，愿望”这一类动词后面做宾补。如 The boss wouldnt like the problem discussed at the moment. I would like my house painted white. I want the suit made to his own measure. I wish the problem settled. 五、过去分词用在“with +宾语+宾补”这一构造中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。如： The thief was brought in with his hands

11、 tied behind his back. With many brightly-coloured flowers planted around the building ,his house looks like a beautiful garden. With everything well arranged,he left the office. 六、过去分词、现在分词、和不定式作宾补的区分。 现在分词作宾补：宾语和补语之间是主谓关系。其动作与谓语动作同时进展。 过去分词作宾补：宾语和补语之间是动宾关系。其动作先于谓语动作。 不定式作宾补：表一个完成的动作、或表一个很短时间内看到、听到

12、或感觉到的详细动作。 eg:He didnt notice me waiting. I heard the song sung in English. I saw him opening the window. I saw the window opened. I saw him open the window. I heard her sing the song in English. 高考英语语法必考点与常考点 高考英语常见连接词必备语法 (1)表选择关系或对等关系的连接词：eitheror,neithernor,or,aswellas,and,bothand. (2)表因果关系的连接词：

13、therefore,so,asaresult,astheresultof,becauseof,dueto,owingto,thanksto等。 (3)表时间挨次的连接词： the moment,as soon as,at first,then,later,mean while,at the beginning,in the end,before long,for the first time,the minute. (4)表转折关系的连接词：yet,and yet,but,while,on the contrary,on the otherhand,however,at the same ti

14、me等。 (5)表解释说明的连接词：that is,that is to say,in other words,such as,for example,for instance,and soon,etc, and the like,and what not等。 (6)表总结的连接词：in aword,onthe whole,in short,to sumup,in all等 高考英语主语必备语法 主语：主语是一个句子所表达的主体，一般位于句首。在原始的简洁句中，主语可由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词表示。例如： During the 1990s, American country music

15、 has become more and more popular.(名词) We often speak English in class.(代词) One-third of the students in this class are girls.(数词) The rich should help the poor.(名词化的形容词) 高考英语谓语必备语法 谓语(动词)：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下： 1.简洁谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：He practices running every morning. 2.复合谓

16、语：(1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如：You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caughta bad cold. (2)由系动词加表语构成。如：We are students. 在英语中一个简洁句只能有一个谓语动词(知道为什么吗)，而且，我们平常学习的时态是针对谓语动词来说。假如以do为例，do, did ,have done, will do, had done, is/am/are doing, was/were doing, would do。在简洁句中，谓语动词和主语是句子的核心，是不行以随便删掉的。 高考英语宾语必备语法

17、宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。例如： They went to see an exhibition(展览)yesterday.(名词) The heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time.(代词) How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.(数词) They helped the old with their housework yesterday.(名词化形容词) 高考英语表语必备语法 表语：表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词(如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等)之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词。 Our teacher of English is an American.(名词) Is it yours?(代词) The weather has turned cold.(形容词) The speech is exciting.(分词)