人教版寒假课程初一英语】(教师版).docx

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1、产品更新添加微信号：DEM2008目 录第一讲 名词, 动词，代词，形容词,数词及常见短语第二讲 一般疑问句;特殊疑问句;选择疑问句;反意疑问句第三讲 阅读技巧第四讲 写作：掌握写作技巧第五讲 题型专项训练第六讲 根据时间状语或语境判断时态；快速提升阅读能力。第七讲 动词过去式的用法第八讲 感官动词的用法第九讲根据文章信息推理故事情节发展第十讲 对文章全面把握并摘取重点信息第十一讲 情态动词的用法第十二讲 用多种方法表达时间第 1讲 讲名词, 动词，代词，形容词,数词及常见短语概述适用学科初中英语适用年级初中一年级适用区域人教版区域课时时长（分钟）120知识点1. 词汇： 1）名词n. fam

2、ily, grandparents, tennis, ping-pong, soccer, volleyball. 2）形容词 adj. late, great, interesting, relaxing. 3）代词 pron. us, them, our, ours 4）动词 v. do, have, let, go, has, get. 5) 数词 num. one, two, three; first, second, third, fourth2. 短语：have a soccer ball, sound good, let sb. do., play volleyball.教学目标

3、1.认知各类词性2.能运用单词及短语造句教学重点名词, 动词，代词，形容词,数词及常见短语教学难点正确运用各种词类一、导入【教学建议】小测试：七年级上册我们学到了很多单词，下面给大家1分钟时间，看谁写出的单词多。教师引导学生对小测试中的单词进行分类归纳，先归纳所学过的名词的类别，并引出名词的概念；再提出he ,she等代词此类的词性，然后动词及形容词的词性概念；并简单做以介绍和区分。二、知识讲解文具(stationery)：pen, ruler, map, pencil, pencil box 水果(fruit)：orange, apple, peach, banana, strawberry

4、蔬菜(vegetable)： tomato, carrot, broccoli食品(food)： egg, chicken, hamburger, French fries, ice cream, salad, dessert衣物(clothes)：jacket, sock, shirt, T-shirt, pants, shorts, sweater, shoe, skirt家具(furniture)：table, bed, dresser, bookcase, sofa, chair, drawer, floor, TV, desk.颜色(color)： black, white, red

5、, green, blue, red, yellow, grey, brown周(week)：Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday月份(month)：January-Jan.一月February-Feb.二月March-Mar.三月 April-Apr. 四月 May-May 五月June-June六月 July-July七月August-Aug. 八月 September-Sept.九月October-Oct.十月 November-Nov.十一月 December-Dec.十二月【易错点】1）名词的分类

6、：可数名词和不可数名词；2）可数名词的单复数变化规则；3）不可数名词数量的表达：如，a cup of tea, a bottle of water.知识点2 动词(一) 行为动词 行为动词又叫实义动词，按照其后能否跟宾语分为及物动词和不及物动词。1. 及物动词及物动词就是后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的动词。如：love, need, want, help等。2. 不及物动词不及物动词本身意义完整，其后不必跟宾语。如：come, go, listen, travel, swim等。后加介词或副词，再加宾语。如：give up/ out/in/away。(二) 系动词系动词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用

7、作谓语，后边必须跟表语共同构成谓语。系动词与其后的表语合起来叫作系表结构。系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。1. 状态系动词 用来表示主语状态，只有be一词。例如：He is a teacher.他是一名教师。（is与表语一起说明主语的身份。）2. 感官系动词【易错点】五个感官系动词：sound听起来, taste尝起来, smell闻起来, look看起来, feel感觉起来+形容词（作表语）如，This kind of cake looks nice. 这种蛋糕看起来很好。 sound v.听起来 如，That sounds great! 听起来真棒！3. 使役动词 Lets=Le

8、t us Lets do sth.=Let us do sth. 让我们做某事如，Lets go. 让我们出发。【易错点】let sb. do sth. “让某人做某事”，let后用省略to的不定式。4. 常见易混动词区分1）看see “看见” 强调看的结果; look 强调看的动作，后接宾语时，要加介词at; watch看会移动的画面，如比赛、电视等。 read读，后接宾语为书、报、杂志等等。如，-Look! There are many beautiful flowers. 看！那有许多漂亮的花。 - Amazing! I can see many beautiful butterflie

9、s, too. 太神奇了！我还看到了许多漂亮的蝴蝶。2）buy买 buy sth. from 从买得某物 buy sb. sth.= buy sth. for sb.给某人买某物 sell卖 sell sth. to 把某物卖给某人如，I often buy some books for my child. = I often buy my child some books. 我经常给我的孩子买书。3）want的用法: want sth.想要 want to do sth. 想要做 want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做 如，My mother wants me to drink

10、milk every day. 我妈妈想让我每天喝牛奶。4）find找到，强调结果 look for寻找，强调过程如，Im looking for my book. But I cant find it. 我在找我的书，但是我找不到。5) think v. 想，认为 think about sth. 考虑，思考 think of sth.想，认为 I think+that 从句 I dont think + that从句如，-What do you think of this book? 你认为这本书怎么样？ -I dont think it is good for you. 我认为它不适合你

11、。【易错点】I/ We dont think + that从句 翻译时否定词放在后面的从句里 （否定转移）6)说【考查点】speak强调说的能力，其后接语言 speak English/Chinese/Japanese；与某人说话用speak to sb.tell tell sb. sth.=tell sth. to sb.告诉某人某事; tell a story/stories 讲故事; tell sb. (not) to do sth.告诉某人（不要）做某事talk talk about sth. 交谈 talk with/ to sb. 和某人交谈say强调说的内容如， Can you

12、say it in English? 你能用英语说它吗？ May I speak to Mr. Yang? 我能和杨先生通话吗？7) ask ask for sth. 要某物； ask sb. for sth. 向某人要某物； ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 ask sb. not to do sth. 要求某人不要做某事如，I often ask my mother for help. 我经常向妈妈寻求帮助。知识点3 代词代词一般是用来代替名词。人称代词是用来代替人、动物或事物名称的词，它有人称和数的变化。代词主要涉及的点有：形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的用法区别；

13、人称代词的主格和宾格。1.人称代词的主格和宾格 人称代词的主格在句中作主语，人称代词的宾格在句中做动词或介词的宾语。2.形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词用来修饰名词，做名词的定语。【题干】An old friend of my sisters always helps my brother and_ with_ English. A. I; our B. me; ourselves C. I; my D. me; our 【答案】D【解析】由于第一个空所用的代词和后面的my brother，都做了动词help 的宾语，因此，应使用代词宾格，因此排除 A和C。而第二个空则需要一个修饰名词Engl

14、ish的形容词性物主代词。故排除B选D。3.名词性物主代词名词性物主代词相当于一个形容词性物主代词加上一个名词，在句中做主语、宾语或表语。【题干1】-Is Miss White _ English teacher, Maria? -No, she teaches _ geography.A. your; my B. you; mine C. you; us D. your; us【答案】D【解析】第一空是用来修饰English teacher做定语的，而第二空则是做teach 这个词的宾语。【题干2】-Are the keys over there _?-No, go and ask Anna

15、. They may belong to her. A. you B. your C. yours D. yourself【答案】C【解析】yours 相当于your keys.注：“of + 名词性物主代词”可以作名词的后置定语。The girl is a friend of hers.知识点4 形容词1）【考查点】 many +可数名词much +不可数名词There are many flowers on both sides of the road. 在路两边有许多花。There is much water in the cup. 杯子里有许多水。2）【考查点】interesting

16、adj.有趣的 interested 对感兴趣boring adj.无趣的 bored感到无聊的 relaxing adj. 放松的 relaxed感到放松的【易错点】 -ed形容词修饰人的感受；-ing形容词修饰事物 如，I am interested in this interesting book. 我对这本有趣的书很多感兴趣。知识点5 数词基数词：基数词表示数目的多少。one 1eight8fifteen15twenty-two22ninety90two2nine9sixteen16thirty30one hundred100three3ten10seventeen17forty40o

17、ne hundred and one101four4eleven11eighteen18fifty50two hundred200five5twelve12nineteen19sixty60six6thirteen13twenty20seventy70seven7fourteen14twenty-one21eighty80序数词：序数词表示事物的先后顺序，往往与定冠词the连用。1st8 th15 th22 nd90 th2nd9 th16 th30 th100 th3rd10 th17 th40 th101st4th11 th18 th50 th5 th12 th19 th60 th6 th

18、13 th20 th70 th7 th14 th21 st80 th知识点6 固定搭配1）thanks for 因感谢 2）a little +不可数名词/ 形容词 一点儿3）look at = have a look at 看一看 4）a set of keys 一串钥匙 5）lost and found 失物招领 6）a lot of = lots of +不可数名词/复数名词 许多，大量7）have for lunch 吃作为午餐8）in +颜色 穿（颜色）的衣服 9）stay at home 呆在家 10）get to 到达 11）put on穿上take off 脱掉（飞机起飞） 1

19、2）make/cook lunch 做午饭三、例题精析【教学建议】此处内容主要用于教师课堂的精讲，每个题目结合试题本身、答案和解析部分，教师有的放矢的进行讲授或与学生互动练习。例题1【题干】-Why dont you like history? -Because I think its _. A. excitingB. boringC. interestingD. funny【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析，从语意可知，选B “令人无聊的”。例题2【题干】Let us _ that ball. A. get B. gets C. to get D. getting【答案】A【解析】考查结构le

20、t sb. do., 即let后需要加动词原形。例题3【题干】-Do you like the song You and Me? -Of course, it _great. A. sounds B. looks C. smells D. Tastes【答案】A【解析】考查感官系动词的用法，sound表示“听起来”， look表示“看起来”， smell表示“闻起来”， taste表示“尝起来”， 本题询问歌曲，所以为听起来好。例题4【题干】Tom cant play the guitar very _. A. muchB. wellC. goodD. Nice【答案】B【解析】考查副词修饰动

21、词。例题5【题干】用所给词的适当形式填空。Sunday is the _(one) day of a week.【答案】first【解析】序数词的考查。四 、课堂运用【教学建议】在对课堂知识讲解完，把握了重点突破了难点以及练习精讲了之后，再用练习进行课堂检测，根据学生情况建议分3个难度层次：易，中，难。基础按要求填入单词的适当形式。1Two _ live in this building. (family) 2Look at those _. (child)3I can see a _ standing near the door. (policeman)4There are some _ o

22、n the table. (glass)5Would you like some _? (bread)【答案】1.families 2. children 3. policeman 4. glasses 5. bread【解析】1. 根据空格前two，需要填family的复数形式families。2. 根据空格前those，需要填child的复数形式children。3. 根据空格前a，需要填policeman。4. 根据空格前some，需要填glass的复数形式glasses。5. 根据空格前some，需要填bread，bread是不可数名词。巩固单项选择。1. She is a stude

23、nt, and _ name is Julia. A. its B. her C. hers D. his2. He is a friend of _.A. our B. us C. my D. mine3. _ , _ and _ all enjoy music .A. She, you, I B.I, she, you C. You , she , I D.I , you , she 4. Could you help _ with _ English, please? A. I, my B. me, me C. me, my D. my, I5. She lost _ pen. Will

24、 you lend(借) her _?A. her, yours B. his, your C. hers, you D. their, yourself 【答案】1-5BDCCA【解析】1.根据句意“她是一名学生，她叫Julia”，所以此处需要填写形容词性物主代词构成her name，故选B。2.根据句意“他是我的一个朋友”，需要填a friend of mine，故选D。3.考查人称代词的排列顺序。单数you,he/she,I;复数we,you,they; 故选C。4.根据句意“你能帮助我学习我的英语吗”，help sb. with sth., help之后使用代词的宾格me，Englis

25、h前使用形容词性物主代词my，故选C。5.根据句意“她丢了她的笔，你能借给她你的（笔）吗”，第一个空她的笔her pen，第二个空你的（笔）yours = your pen，故选A。拔高短文填空。用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次，每空只填一个单词）speak, wear, with, we , because, work, be, soccer, play, likeMr. White is from the USA. He is (1)_ English teacher. His classes are very funny. We all (2) _ hi

26、m. There (3) _ four people in Mr. Whites family: Mr. White, his wife and his two sons -Tom and Jim. Mrs. White can (4) _ Chinese well, and she (5) _ in a hospital(医院). Tom and Jim are in our class. They are twins(双胞胎), but they are different. Tom is tall and he likes (6) _ blue T- shirts. Jim is sho

27、rt and he often wears black shirts. However(然而), they both (7) _ soccer well. After school, we often have a (8) _ game. Sometimes Mr. White plays (9) _ us. But he cant run fast (10) _ he is too heavy(胖). He plays soccer just for fun. 【答案】1. our2. like3. are 4. speak5. works 6. wearing7. play 8. socc

28、er 9. with 10. because【解析】1.根据句意“他是我们的英语老师”，our English teacher，故变we为our。2.根据句意“我们都喜欢他”，故填like。3.There be句型，空格之后是four people，故变be为are。4.speak Chinese，讲英语。5.根据句意“她在医院工作”，work in a hospital，主语是she，故变work为第三人称单数形式works。6.like doing sth.,喜欢做某事，穿蓝色的T恤wear blue T- shirts，故变wear为wearing。7.踢足球，play soccer。8

29、.有足球比赛，have a soccer game。9.play with sb.,故填with。10.根据句意“他不能跑快是因为他很胖”，故填because。课堂小结【教学建议】本节课主要复习七年级上册课本中出现的各大词类，学生能够准确地判断单词所属词类及其用法，下节课会在此基础上学习句式。通过本节课的学习，学生应该掌握以上讲义所出现的单词，并且学会如何使用名词单复数，代词的格和数的问题等。课后需要通过大量的练习来巩固课上所复习的知识，真正做到学以致用。拓展延伸【教学建议】教师根据学生掌握情况有针对性的进行课后作业的布置，掌握好的同学可以适当的布置难度大一些的作业，成绩一般的同学可以以基础题

30、和巩固题目为主，但是一定要控制作业的数量，给学生布置的作业一般不要超过5题，这样学生才能保证做题的质量。基础单项选择。1. I have a sister. _ name is Kate.A. His B. Hers C. SheD. Her 2. -Whats this in English?-Its _ orange. A. a B. an C. the D. /3. Your father is your cousins _ . A. brotherB. auntC. uncleD. son 4. Look! Here _ my family photos. A. is B. am C.

31、 / D. are5. -Do you have a new house? -No, I _ . A. do B. dontC. arentD. doesnt【答案】1-5DBCDB【解析】1.代词考查。根据题意“我有一个妹妹，她叫Kate”，所以是her name，故选D。2.冠词辨析。an orange。3.名词辨析。根据句意“你的父亲是你的堂弟的伯父”，brother哥哥，弟弟；aunt阿姨，舅妈；uncle叔叔，伯父；son儿子。故选C。4.考查系动词be的适当形式。根据题目中的my family photos，所以使用复数形式are，故选D。5.考查由助动词do引导的一般疑问句的简短

32、答语。根据题意是否定回答，故填No, I dont，所以选B。巩固用所给词的适当形式填空。1. Mr. Green is _ ( I ) uncle.2. Jim likes eating _ ( tomato ).3.Today is Tonys _ ( twelve ) birthday.4.Do you like _ ( swim ) ?5. P.E. is a _ ( relax ) subject.【答案】1. my2.tomatoes3.twelfth4.swimming5.relaxing【解析】1.根据题意“Green先生是我的叔叔”，故填my。2.根据题意“Jim喜欢吃西红柿

33、”，故填西红柿的复数形式tomatoes。3.根据题意“今天是Tony的第十二个生日”，故填序数词twelfth。4. like doing，故填swimming。5.根据题意“体育是一门轻松的科目”，形容词修饰名词，故填relaxing。拔高任务型阅读。My name is Bob. I have a new basketball. I think basketball is an interesting sport. Its not difficult to learn. Many students in our school like playing basketball. Peter

34、plays basketball well in our class. I often play basketball with my good friends. We often watch basketball games on TV. Its very good for us to play basketball. And we are relaxed after it. Sports are good for our health. Lets play sports together.1.What does Bob have? _2. Is basketball an interest

35、ing sport?_3._ like playing basketball in Bobs school.4.Bob often play basketball with _.5.Who plays basketball well in Bobs class?_【答案】1.Bob has a new basketball.2.Yes./Yes, it is.3. Many students4.his good friends5.Peter (does).【解析】1.根据短文第一句和第二句可知，Bob has a new basketball。2.根据短文第三句可知，篮球是一项有趣的体育运动，

36、故用Yes肯定作答。3.根据短文第二行第一句可知，空格处填Many students。4.根据短文第三行第一句可知，空格处填his good friends。5. 根据短文第二行第二句可知，Peter在班上篮球打得好，故填Peter (does) 。教学反思【教学建议】1、对教学技能的反思：对基础知识的讲解是否透彻； 对重点、难点是否把握准确； 对学生的学习知识掌握知识的状态是否了解等。2、对教学目标的反思： 讲授的知识是否正确；语言是否规范简练 ； 书写是否工整（班组课板书设计是否合理）； 教具的使用是否得当，实验操作是否熟练、规范等。3、对教学方法和手段的反思：是否注重了学生的参与意识 ；

37、班组课是否因“班”施教，课后因“人”施教； 教学方式、手段是否多样化等。知识拓展关于apple的表达An apple a day keeps the doctor away.一天一苹果，医生远离我。The rotten apple injures its neighbors.一颗老鼠屎坏了一锅粥。害群之马。Throw away the apple because of the core. 因噎废食。to be the apple of ones eye视某人为掌上明珠dead sea apple竹篮打水一场空apple-polisher马屁精apples and oranges风马牛不相及的事

38、情apple of Sodom金玉其表，败絮其中第 2讲 讲一般疑问句;特殊疑问句;选择疑问句;反意疑问句概述适用学科初中英语适用年级初中一年级适用区域人教版区域课时时长（分钟）120知识点一般疑问句;特殊疑问句;选择疑问句;反意疑问句教学目标1.掌握句子的基本分类和用法；2.灵活区分句子的种类；3.在生活中能合理的运用不同的句子表达意愿；教学重点四种句式的使用方法教学难点变否定句，疑问句的方法；教学过程一、导入【教学建议】教师跟学生一起思考并回答下面两个问题。1. 我们学习的句子按照用途有四种句式？ 主要有陈述句、祈使句、感叹句、疑问句。2. 疑问句的表达有下面几种情况？ 一般疑问句，特殊疑

39、问句，选择疑问句和反意疑问句。3. 请判断下面句子是什么疑问句？1. Can you come here early?2. What are you doing？3. He works hard, doesnt he?4. Which book does she choose, the science or the music?二、知识讲解知识点1 一般疑问句含义：一般疑问句是疑问句的一种。它是只用yes（是）或no（否）来回答的句子。结构：be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语+其他成分？答语：肯定回答：Yes，主语+提问的be动词/助动词/情态动词. 否定回答：No，主语+提问的be动词/助动词

40、/情态动词的否定形式eg：-_?-Yes, he always takes a bike.【答案】Does he take a bike?知识点2特殊疑问句含义：以特殊疑问词开头，对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。 常用的疑问词有：what /who /whose /which /when /where /how /why等。结构：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？答语：问什么答什么。知识点3 选择疑问句含义：选择疑问句是指用or连接两个或两个以上可能的答案供对方选择的句式。结构：有两种结构。以一般疑问句或者特殊疑问句为基础的句子。答语：直接选择一个进行作答。eg：Where will you li

41、ve, Shanghai or Beijing? Do you like sunny days or snowy days?情景反应：谁的反应最快呢？请根据不同的情景写句子。1、你想知道Ben和Mike今天谁没到学校。该问：Who_? 2、售货员让顾客在白色和黑色的物品中选一选该说：Which_？【答案】1. Who didnt come to school, Ben or Mike?2. Which one do you want, the white or the black?知识点4 反意疑问句1. 含义：反意疑问句即附加疑问句。它表示提问人的看法，没有把握，需要对方证实。 结构：反意疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的问句。原则：前肯后否，前否后肯。箴言：前be后be；前情后情；前实后助；前助后助；2. 句型:1). be动词（is, are, was, were）的句型： He is your uncle, isnt he? Y