阅读理解专题——推理判断题课件.ppt

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1、阅读理解专题阅读理解专题推理判断题推理判断题阅阅读读推推理理判判断断题题一、推断隐含含义一、推断隐含含义1.Questionforms:(1)It can be inferred from the text that .(2)From the text we know that is most likely .(3)When the writer talks about,what the writer really means is .(4)The writer suggests that .(5)The story implies that .(6)We can infer/conclude

2、 from the passage that .(7)What can we learn about the author from Paragraph 2?这类题干中通常含有infer,suggest,imply,conclude 等标志性词语。2、技巧点拨、技巧点拨1)准确定位准确定位 2)忠实原文忠实原文3)不要选择表层信息不要选择表层信息PRACTICE（1）：）：Did you ever hear a strange sound coming from the wall?Did it sound like a clock?If so,it may have been made by

3、a beetle.Long ago people thought the ticking meant that someone was about to die.Thus the beetle is called“the deathwatch beetle.”(1)The sound of this beetle _.A.pleased people.B.surprised people.C.frightened people.D.excited people.PRACTICE（2）：）：Several different bison species have lived on the Nor

4、th American continent since the Ice Age;today only two exist.The wood bison is the larger of the two,and is now found mostly in western Canada.Better known in the United States is the Plains bison,or buffalo.At one time,herds of these animals could be sighed almost everywhere from the Appalachian Mo

5、untains in the East to the Rocky Mountains in the West.(2)The author implies that several types of bison_.A.live outside the United Stated and Canada B.are well adapted to swampy terrain C.existed before the Ice Age D.have been killed or have died outPRACTICE（3）：）：You will probably be able to choose

6、 from a menu,making up your own newspaper by picking out the things you want to read sports and international news,etc.I think people have got it wrong when they talk about competition between the different media.They actually feed off each other.Some people once foresaw that television would kill o

7、ff newspapers,but that hasnt happened.What is read on the printed page lasts longer than pictures on a screen or sound lost in the air.And as for the Internet,its never really pleasant to read something just on a screen.(3)From the passage,we can infer _.A.newspapers will win the competition among t

8、he different media B.newspapers will stay with us together with other media C.television will take the place of newspaper D.the writer believe some media will die out（2010广东卷）广东卷）My mother has realized the limitations of her English as well.When I was fifteen,she used to have me call people on phone

9、 to pretend I was she.I was forced to ask for information or even to yell at people who had been rude to her.One time I had to call her stockbroker(股票经纪人).I said in an adolescent voice that was not very convincing,“This is Mrs.Tan”42.From Paragraph 2,we know that the author was .A.good at pretending

10、 B.rude to the stockbroker C.ready to help her mother D.unwilling to phone for her mother（2010广东卷）广东卷）When something goes wrong，it can be very satisfying to say,“Well,its so-and-sos fault.”or“I know Im late，but its not my fault；the car broke down.”It is probably not your fault，but once you form the

11、habit of blaming somebody or something else for a bad situation，you are a loser.You have no power and could do nothing that helps change the situation.However,you can have great power over what happens to you if you stop focusing on whom to blame and start focusing on how to remedy the situation.Thi

12、s is the winners key to success.47.The underlined word remedy in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to .A.avoid B.accept C.improve D.consider（2010广东卷）广东卷）When people handle food properly,the risk of food poisoning is very small.Microorganisms multiply rapidly in dirty places and in warm temperatures.

13、This means that people should never touch food with dirty hands or put food on unwashed surfaces.Food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from growing.Meat needs to be cooked thoroughly to kill any dangerous microorganisms.People should also wash food covered with chemicals befor

14、e eating it.Finally,people should not eat wild mushrooms or other foods that grow in the wild.Some of these foods may contain natural materials that are poisonous to humans.In addition,some types of fish can be poisonous.54.From Paragraph 5,we can learn that .A.mushrooms should not be eaten B.vegeta

15、bles are safer than meat and seafood C.natural poisons are more dangerous than chemicals D.different types of food should be handled differently（2008广东卷）广东卷）Music was not the only gulf.From clothing and hairstyles to activities and expectations,earlier generations of parents and children often appea

16、red to move in separate orbits.Today,the generation gap has not disappeared,but it is getting narrow in many families.Conversations on subjects such as sex and drugs would not have taken place a generation ago.Now they are comfortable and common.And parentchild activities,from shopping to sports,inv

17、olve a feeling of trust and friendship that can continue int0 adulthood.41.The underlined word gulf in Para.3 most probably means _.A.interest B.distance C.difference D.separation(2011广东卷广东卷)Whats interesting is that both cats and dogs have appeared to develop their intelligence.They can learn how t

18、o read each others body signals,suggesting that the two may have more in common than we previously suspected.Once familiar with each others presence and body language,cats and dogs can play together,greet each other nose to nose,and enjoy sleeping together on the sofa.They can easily share the same

19、water bowl and in some cases groom(梳理)each other.34.It is suggested in Paragraph 4 that cats and dogs _.A.have common interests B.are less different than thought C.have a common body language D.are less intelligent than expected(2011广东卷广东卷)The position was offered at the last minute,and I was given

20、two weeks to prepare,a period I spent searching for briefcase(公文包)and standing before my full-length mirror,repeating the words,“Hello,class.Im Mr.Davis.”Sometimes I would give myself an aggressive voice.Sometimes I would sound experienced.But when the day eventually came,my nerves kicked in and the

21、 true Mr.Davis was there.I sounded not like a thoughtful professor,but rather a 12-year-old boy.37.What can we learn about the author from Paragraph 2?A.He would be aggressive in his first class.B.He was well-prepared for his first class.C.He got nervous upon the arrival of his first class.D.He wait

22、ed long for the arrival of his first class.(2011广东卷广东卷)Today,sustainable development is a proper trend in many countries.According to a recent study,the global market for low-carbon energy will become three times bigger over the next decades.China,for example,has set its mind on leading that market,

23、hoping to seize chances in the new round of the global energy revolution.It is now trying hard to make full use of wind and solar energy,and is spending a huge amount of money making electric cars and high-speed trains.In addition,we are also seeing great growth in the global markets for sustainable

24、 products such as palm oil(棕榈油)，which is produced without cutting down valuable rainforest.In recent years the markets for sustainable products have grown by more than 50%.42.What can we infer from Paragraph 2?A.China lacks wind and solar energy.B.China is the leader of the low-carbon market.C.High-

25、speed trains are a low-carbon development.D.Palm oil is made at the cost of valuable forests.(2011广东卷广东卷)The major challenge of this century is to find ways to meet the needs of growing population within the limits of this single planet.That is no small task,but it offers abundant new chances for su

26、stainable product industries.44.We can learn from the last paragraph that businesses have many chances to _.A.develop sustainable products B.explore new natural resources C.make full use of natural resources D.deal with the major challenge(2012广州市调研考)Last month an extremely rare Siberian Rubythroat

27、bird was seen in Scotland,sending hundreds of birdwatchers north in the hope of catching a glimpse of this colourful Asian beauty.Another very uncommon bird,the bufflehead duck was cited in Cornwell and caused similar excitement.“I couldnt believe it,”said Evans.“The poor thing was completely knacke

28、red.It must have been blown to England by the storms while trying to fly from Canada to the southern United States for the winter.Thats 3000 miles!”27.The underlined word“knackered”is closest in meaning to _.A.bored B.knocked C.spotted D.tired(2012广东卷广东卷)“Have a nice day”may be a pleasant gesture or

29、 a meaningless expression.When my friend Maxie says“Have a nice day”with a smile,I know she sincerely cares about what happens to me.I feel loved and secure since another person cares about me and wishes me well.26.How does the author understand Maxies words?A.Maxie shows her anxiety to the author.B

30、.Maxie really wishes the author a good day.C.Maxie encourages the author to stay happy.D.Maxie really worries about the authors security.(2012广东卷广东卷)“Have a nice day.Next!”The version of the expression is spoken by a salesgirl at supermarket who is rushing me and my groceries out the door.The words

31、came out in the same tone with a fixed procedure.They are spoken at me,not to me.Obviously,the concern for my day and everyone elses is the managements attempt to increase business.27.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean?A.The salesgirl is rude.B.The salesgirl is bored.C.The salesgi

32、rl cares about me.D.The salesgirl says the words as a routine.(2012广东卷广东卷)The expression can be pleasant.If a stranger says“Have a nice day”to you,you may find it heart-warming because someone you dont know has tried to be nice to you.28.By saying“Have a nice day,a stranger may _.A.try to be polite

33、to you B.express respect to youC.give his blessing to you D.share his pleasure with you(2012广东卷广东卷)Well,at last we have copper-bottomed research that supports demand feeding and points out the weaknesses of strictly timed feeding.The research finds out that babies who are fed on demand do better at

34、school at age 5,7,11 and 14,than babies fed according to the clock.33.The word copper-bottomed in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to _.A.basic B.reliable B.C.surprising D.interesting二、推断作者观点或态度二、推断作者观点或态度(1)objective 客观的(2)subjective(主观的)(3)neutral（中立的）(4)positive(积极的)(5)negative(6)neutral (中立的)(7

35、)approval(8)disapproval(9)indifferent(10)sarcastic/ironical 讽刺的(11)critical (批评的)(12)optimistic (13)pessimistic消极的中立的、漠不关心的(赞成的)不赞成的乐观的悲观的1.Questionforms:The writers attitude toward is_.The writer thought that_.According to the author,_.2、技巧点拨、技巧点拨 注意作者表达感情色彩的形容词、副词、动形容词、副词、动词及所举的例子词及所举的例子，才能推断出作者的弦

36、外之音。PRACTICE4：Just as crying can be healthy,not cryingholding back tears of anger,pain or sufferingcan be bad for physical(身体的)health.Studies have shown that too much control of emotions can lead to high blood pressure,heart problems and some other illnesses.If you have a health problem,doctors will

37、 certainly not ask you to cry.But when you feel like crying,dont fight it.Its a naturaland healthyemotional response.(4)According to the author,which of the following statements is true?A.Crying is the best way to get help from others.B.Fighting back tears may cause some health problems.C.We will ne

38、ver know our deep feelings unless we cry.D.We must cry if we want to reduce pressure.PRACTICE5:Why do people take part in such activities as these?Some psychologists suggest that it is because life in modern societies has become safe and boring.Not very long ago,peoples lives were constantly in dang

39、er.They had to go out and hunt for food,diseases could not easily be cured and life was a continuous battle for survival.Nowadays,according to many people,life offers little excitement.They live and work in comparatively safe conditions;they buy food in shops;and there are doctors and hospitals to l

40、ook after them if they become ill.The answer for some of these people is to look for danger in activities such as bungee jumping.(5)The writer of the text has a _ attitude towards dangerous sports.A.positive B.negative C.neutral D.nervous三、推断写作目的三、推断写作目的1.Questionforms:(1)考查整篇文章的写作目的考查整篇文章的写作目的A.The

41、 writers purpose of writing this passage is to _.B.What is the purpose of writing this article?C.In writing the passage,the author intends to _.(2)考查局部细节的写作意图考查局部细节的写作意图A.The writer uses the example ofto show that _.B.The writer uses the two questions at the beginning of the passage to _.C.are menti

42、oned in the first paragraph to _.2.常见的写作目的归纳常见的写作目的归纳 不同的文章可能有不同的写作目的,但写作目的通常有以下三种：(1)to entertain readers（娱乐读者，让人发笑）(2)to persuade readers（说服读者接受某种观点）(3)to inform readers（告知读者某些知识或信息）常见于故事类的文章。to amuse readers;to tell a/an experience常见于广告类的文章。to sell a product or a service;to attract more visitors/

43、readers/audience多见于科普类新闻报道类文化类或社会类的文章.to inform readers of,to remind,to emphasize3.技巧点拨技巧点拨 (1)根据根据文体类别文体类别推断写作目的推断写作目的(2)从从写作手法写作手法来推断写作目的来推断写作目的PRACTICE 6:“Have you ever been out on a boat and felt it lifted up by a wave?Or have you jumped in the water and felt the rush of energy as waves came ove

44、r you?”asked Jamie Taylor of the Wave Energy Group at the University of Edinburgh.“There is certainly a lot of energy in waves,”he said.(6)The writer uses the two questions at the beginning of the passage to _.A.test the readers knowledge about waves B.draw the readers attention to the topicC.show J

45、amie Taylors importance D.invite the readers to answer themPRACTICE 7:A young man from a village called Nawalapitiya married a young woman from Maliyuwa,a nearby village.They lived with the mans big family-his parents,his brothers,their wives and children.The family kept an elephant,in which the you

46、ng woman soon took a great interest.Every day she fed it with fruit and sugar.Three months later the woman went back to her parents home,having quarreled with her husband.Soon the elephant refused to eat or work.It appeared to be ill and heart-broken.One morning after several weeks the animal disapp

47、eared from the house.It went to the womans home.On seeing her,the elephant waved its trunk and touched her with it.The young woman was so moved by the act of the animal that she returned to her husbands home.(7)The writer wrote the story in order to_.A.show that elephants are very clever B.tell how

48、a woman trained a wild animal C.show that women care more for animals than men do D.tell how an animal reunited a husband and wife四、推断文章材料出处四、推断文章材料出处1.Questionforms:(1)The passage is most likely to be taken from_.(2)Where would this passage most probably appear?(3)The passage is most likely a part

49、of _.2、解题技巧、解题技巧这类问题应从文章的内容或结构来判断其出处：(1)报纸 (2)广告 (3)产品说明 (4)杂志 PRACTICE8:Do you always understand the directions on a bottle of medicine?Do you know what is meant by“Take only as directed?”Read the following directions and see if you understand them.To reduce pain,take two tablets(药片)with water,foll

50、owed by one tablet every eight hours,as required.For night-time and early morning relief(缓解疼痛)take two tablets at bedtime.Do not take more than six tablets in twenty-four hours.For children six to twelve years old,give half the amount.For children under six years old,ask your doctors advice.Reduce t