2018年高考英语试卷（新课标ⅱ）（含解析版）.pdf

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1、2018 年全国统一高考英语试卷（新课标年全国统一高考英语试卷（新课标卷卷）第二部分第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，阅读理解（共两节，满分满分 40 分）分）第一节第一节 （共共 15 小题；小题；每小题每小题 2 分，分，满分满分 30 分）分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A Summer Activities Students should read the list with their parents/carers,and select two activities they would like to do.Forms will be ava

2、ilable in school and online for them to indicate their choices and return to school.Before choices are finalized,parents/carers will be asked to sign to confirm their childs choices.Activity Description Member of staff Cost Outdoor Adventure(OUT)Take yourself out of your comfort zone for a week,disc

3、over new personal qualities,and learn new skills.You will be able to take part in a number of activities from canoeing to wild camping on Dartmoor.Learn rock climbing and work as a team,and enjoy the great outdoor environment.Mr.Clemens 140 WWI Battlefields and Paris(WBP)On Monday we travel to Londo

4、n.After staying overnight in London,we travel on Day 2 to northern France to visit the World War I battlefields.On Day 3 we cross into Belgium.Thursday sees us make the short journey to Paris where we will visit Disneyland Paris park,staying until late to see the parade and the fireworks.Our final d

5、ay,Friday,sees us visit central Paris and tour the main sights.Mrs.Wilson 425 关注公众号”一个高中僧“获取更多高中资料Crafty Foxes(CRF)Four days of product design centred around textiles.Making lovely objects using recycled and made materials.Bags,cushions and decorations Learn skills and leave with modern and unusual

6、textiles.Mrs.Goode 30 Potty about Potter(POT)Visit Warner Bros Studio,shop stop to buy picnic,stay overnight in an approved Youth Hostel in Streatley-on-Thames,guided tour of Oxford to see the film locations,picnic lunch outside Oxfords Christchurch,boating on the River Cherwell through the Universi

7、ty Parks,before heading back to Exeter.Miss Drake 150 21.Which activity will you choose if you want to go camping?A.OUT.B.WBP.C.CRF.D.POT.22.What will the students do on Tuesday with Mrs.Wilson?A.Travel to London.B.See a parade and fireworks.C.Tour central Paris.D.Visit the WWI battlefields.23.How l

8、ong does Potty about Potter last?A.Two days.B.Four days.C.Five days.D.One week.B Many of us love July because its the month when natures berries and stone fruits are in abundance.These colourful and sweet jewels from British Columbias fields are little powerhouses of nutritional protection.Of the co

9、mmon berries,strawberries are highest in vitamin C,although,because of their seeds,raspberries contain a little more protein(蛋白质),iron and zinc(not that fruits have much protein).Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants(抗氧化 物 质).The yellow and orange stone fruits such as peaches are high in

10、 the carotenoids we turn into vitamin A and which are antioxidants.As for cherries(樱桃关注公众号”一个高中僧“获取更多高中资料),they are so delicious who cares?However,they are rich in vitamin C.When combined with berries or slices of other fruits,frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick,cooling fruit shakes and

11、low fat“ice cream”.For this purpose,select ripe bananas for freezing as they are much sweeter.Remove the skin and place them in plastic bags or containers and freeze.If you like,a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown.Frozen bananas will last several weeks,depen

12、ding on their ripeness and the temperature of the freezer.If you have a juicer,you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit.Out comes a“soft-serve”creamy dessert,to be eaten right away.This makes a fun activity for a childrens party;they love feeding the fruit and frozen ba

13、nanas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below.24.What does the author seem to like about cherries?A.They contain protein.B.They are high in vitamin A.C.They have a pleasant taste.D.They are rich in antioxidants.25.Why is fresh lemon juice used in freezing bananas?A.To m

14、ake them smell better.B.To keep their colour.C.To speed up their ripening.D.To improve their nutrition.26.What is“a juicer”in the last paragraph?A.A dessert.B.A drink.C.A container.D.A machine.27.From which is the text probably taken?A.A biology textbook.B.A health magazine.C.A research paper.D.A tr

15、avel brochure.C Teens and younger children are reading a lot less for fun,according to a Common Sense Media report published Monday.While the decline over the past decade is steep for teen readers,some data in the report shows that reading remains a big part of many childrens lives,and indicates how

16、 parents might help encourage more reading.关注公众号”一个高中僧“获取更多高中资料According to the reports key findings,“the proportion(比例)who say they hardly ever read for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today.”The report data

17、 shows that pleasure reading levels for younger children,ages 2-8,remain largely the same.But the amount of time spent in reading each session has declined,from closer to an hour or more to closer to a half hour per session.When it comes to technology and reading,the report does little to counsel(建议

18、)parents looking for data about the effect of e-readers and tablets on reading.It does point out that many parents still limit electronic reading,mainly due to concerns about increased screen time.The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parents serving as examples and impo

19、rtant guides for their kids when it comes to reading.Data shows that kids and teens who do read frequently,compared to infrequent readers,have more books in the home,more books purchased for them,parents who read more often,and parents who set aside time for them to read.As the end of school approac

20、hes,and school vacation reading lists loom(逼近)ahead,parents might take this chance to step in and make their own summer reading list and plan a family trip to the library or bookstore.28.What is the Common Sense Media report probably about?A.Childrens reading habits.B.Quality of childrens books.C.Ch

21、ildrens after-class activities.D.Parent-child relationships.29.Where can you find the data that best supports“children are reading a lot less for fun”?A.In paragraph 2.B.In paragraph 3.C.In paragraph 4.D.In paragraph 5.30.Why do many parents limit electronic reading?A.E-books are of poor quality.B.I

22、t could be a waste of time.C.It may harm childrens health.D.E-readers are expensive.31.How should parents encourage their children to read more?关注公众号”一个高中僧“获取更多高中资料A.Act as role models for them.B.Ask them to write book reports.C.Set up reading groups for them.D.Talk with their reading class teachers

23、.D Weve all been there:in a lift,in line at the bank or on an airplane,surrounded by people who are,like us,deeply focused on their smartphones or,worse,struggling with the uncomfortable silence.Whats the problem?Its possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence.Its more likely t

24、hat none of us start a conversation because its awkward and challenging,or we think its annoying and unnecessary.But the next time you find yourself among strangers,consider that small talk is worth the trouble.Experts say its an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.Dismissing sma

25、ll talk as unimportant is easy,but we cant forget that deep relationships wouldnt even exist if it werent for casual conversation.Small talk is the grease(润滑剂)for social communication,says Bernardo Carducci,director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast.“Almost every grea

26、t love story and each big business deal begins with small talk,”he explains.“The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others,not just communicate with them.”In a 2014 study,Elizabeth Dunn,associate professor of psychology at UBC,invited people on their way into a coffee shop.

27、One group was asked to seek out an interaction(互动)with its waiter;the other,to speak only when necessary.The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience.“Its not that talking to the waiter is better than

28、talking to your husband,”say Dunn.“But interactions with peripheral(边缘的)members of our social network matter for our well-being also.”Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging,a bond with others.Carducci believes developing such a sense of b

29、elonging starts with small talk.“Small talk is the basis of good manners,”he says.关注公众号”一个高中僧“获取更多高中资料32.What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph?A.Addiction to smartphones.B.Inappropriate behaviours in public places.C.Absence of communication between strangers.D.Impatience with slow serv

30、ice.33.What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci?A.Showing good manners.B.Relating to other people.C.Focusing on a topic.D.Making business deals.34.What does the coffee-shop study suggest about small talk?A.It improves family relationships.B.It raises peoples confidence.C.It

31、matters as much as formal talk.D.It makes people feel good.35.What is the best title for the text?A.Conversation Counts B.Ways of Making Small Talk C.Benefits of Small Talk D.Uncomfortable Silence 第二节第二节(共共 5 小题；小题；每小题每小题 2 分，分，满分满分 10 分分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。If you are already m

32、aking the time to exercise,it is good indeed!With such busy lives,it can be hard to try and find the time to work out.36 Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit.Your productivity is improved.Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is a

33、head of you for the day.37 Your metabolism(新陈代谢)gets a head start.38 If you work out in the mornings,then you will be getting the calorie(卡路里)burning benefits for the whole day,not in your sleep.39 Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the

34、evening.Exercise energizes you,so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited.40 If you work out bright and early in the morning,you will be more 关注公众号”一个高中僧“获取更多高中资料likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day.Who would want to ruin their good wor

35、kout by eating junk food?You will want to continue to focus on positive choices.There are a lot of benefits to working out,especially in the mornings.Set your alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out!You will feel energized all day long.A.You will stick to your diet.B.Your quality of

36、sleep improves.C.You prefer healthy food to fast food.D.There is no reason you should exercise in the morning.E.You can keep your head clear for 4-10 hours after exercise.F.After you exercise,you continue to burn calories throughout the day.G.If you are planning to do exercise regularly,or youre doi

37、ng it now,then listen up!第三部分第三部分语言知识运用语言知识运用(共两节，共两节，满分满分 45 分分)第一节第一节(共共 20 小题；小题；每小题每小题 1.5 分，分，满分满分 30 分分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Two weeks earlier,my son,Ben,had got in touch.Hed moved to England with his mum when he was three and it had been 13 years since Id 41 seen hi

38、m.So imagine my 42 when he emailed me saying he wanted to come to visit me.I was 43 !I arrived early at Byron Bay where we were supposed to 44 .The bay was 45 in sunshine,and there was a group of kayakers around 150m off the shore.Getting a little 46 ,I realized one kayak(皮划艇)was in 47 .“Somethings

39、not 48 !”I took off my T-shirt and 49 into the water.I saw there were two instructors on board and a man lying across the middle.He was 50 violently.Linking arms with one of the instructors，I helped 51 the young man out of the water.He was unconscious and as I looked at his face,something 52 to me.T

40、hose brown eyes were very 53 .“Whats his name?”I asked the instructor.关注公众号”一个高中僧“获取更多高中资料“Ben,”he replied,and immediately I 54 .That stranger was my son!The instructors called for an ambulance.55 ,after a brief stay in hospital,Ben was well enough to be allowed to 56 and later the family met up for

41、 dinner.We chatted about everything and then Ben 57 to me.“I just want to say thank you,”he said.“You 58 my life!”I still cant believe what a 59 it was.Im just so glad I was there 60 to help my son.41.A.also B.often C.even D.last 42.A.delight B.relief C.anger D.worry 43.A.scared B.shocked C.thrilled

42、 D.ashamed 44.A.talk B.stay C.meet D.settle 45.A.bathed B.clean C.deep D.formed 46.A.faster B.closer C.heavier D.wiser 47.A.trouble B.advance C.question D.battle 48.A.real B.right C.fair D.fit 49.A.stared B.sank C.dived D.fell 50.A.arguing B.fighting C.shouting D.shaking 51.A.lead B.persuade C.carry

43、 D.keep 52.A.happened B.occurred C.applied D.appealed 53.A.sharp B.pleasant C.attractive D.familiar 54.A.agreed B.hesitated C.doubted D.knew 55.A.Fortunately B.Frankly C.Sadly D.Suddenly 56.A.return B.relax C.speak D.leave 57.A.joked B.turned C.listened D.pointed 58.A.created B.honored C.saved D.gui

44、ded 59.A.coincidence B.change C.pity D.pain 60.A.on board B.in time C.for sure D.on purpose 第二节第二节(共共 10 小题；小题；每小题每小题 1.5 分，分，满分满分 15 分分)关注公众号”一个高中僧“获取更多高中资料阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Diets have changed in China and so too has its top crop.Since 2011,the country 61 (grow)more corn than rice.C

45、orn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over 62 past 25 years,while rice has increased only 7 percent.A taste for meat is 63 (actual)behind the change:An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens,pigs,and cattle.Another reason for corns rise:The government encourages farmers to grow c

46、orn instead of rice 64 (improve)water quality.Corn uses less water 65 rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥)runoff.This switch has decreased 66 (pollute)in the countrys major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.According to the World Bank,China accounts for about 30 percent o

47、f total 67 (globe)fertilizer consumption.The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 when the government 68 (start)a soil testing program 69 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers and 2011,fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.That prevented the emission(排放)of 51.8

48、 million tons of carbon dioxide.Chinas approach to protecting its environment while 70 (feed)its citizens“offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide,”says the banks Juergen Voegele.第四部分第四部分 写作写作(共两节，共两节，满分满分 35 分分)第一节第一节 短文改错短文改错(共共 10 小题；小题；每小题每小题 1 分，分，满分满分 10 分分)假定英语课上老

49、师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；关注公众号”一个高中僧“获取更多高中资料2只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。When I was little,Fridays night was our family game night.After supper,we would play card

50、games of all sort in the sitting room.As the kid,I loved to watch cartoons,but no matter how many times I asked to watching them,my parents would not to let me.They would say to us that playing card games would help my brain.Still I unwilling to play the games for them sometimes.I didnt realize how