2021-2022学年八年级英语上学期期末测试卷 （人教版）（全解全析）.pdf

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1、2021-2022学年上学期期末测试卷八年级英语全解全析一、听 力（每小题1分，共15分）1）你将听到一篇短文，短文读两遍。请根据短文内容，选择正确答案。【答案】I.C 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.C【原文】Mrs.Black was a poor old woman and she lived in a small village in America.Her husband diedten years ago.But she had a 24-year-old daughter.Her name was Alice.She worked in New Yorkand lived there

2、.It was far away from her mothers village,and her mother was not happy aboutthis.One day Alice said to her mother,Tve found a good job in Boston,and I can make a lot ofmoney there,so I will go to work in Boston next week.But dont worry,Mum,Til send you somemoney every week.”A month later,Mrs.Black w

3、as very angry.She decided to go to see her daughter in Boston on atrain.When she saw her daughter,she said,“Alice,why do you never call mc?Alice laughed.Bui mother,she said.You havent got a telephone.5,“No,she answered.havent,but you have got one.”2）听短文，完成下列小题。【答案】6.C 7.A 8.C 9.B 10.C【原文】Mike works

4、in a factory.It is not near his home.Every day he walks to work in the morning andback home in the evening.One day he came home late.He was not very happy.His wife saw his unhappy face and asked him,“Why are you unhappy,Mike?Are you not feeling well?”No,no.I am quite well.Im just veryangry.The bus t

5、icket was three yuan last week.But today it is two yuan.”His wife said,Thats good news.The bus ticket is cheaper now.You can save two yuan everyday.But Mike said,“No,you arc a fbol.I walk to work and back home every day.Last week Isaved six yuan every day.But now I saved only four yuan instead.I hav

6、e two yuan less.”3）听独白，完成下列小题。【答案】11.B 12.A 13.C 14.B 15.C【原文】Ils time for the class meeting.The students of Class Two arc talking about what they want to be1when they grow up.Nick likes basketball and he wants to be a basketball player.Tinas parents areboth teachers.But she wants to be a doctor.Ken

7、 is going to be an engineer because he likesscience very much and his math is really good.But his English is poor.So he decides to learnEnglish hard.Helen likes reading and writing.Her dream job is to be a writer.She is going to keepon writing stories to make her dream come true.Gina comes from Aust

8、ralia.She likes China.Shewants to be an artist and she is going to work in Beijing.二、单项选择（每小题1 分，共 10分）16.【答案】D【详解】句意：他喜欢打篮球。The表示特指；a/an表示泛指，a 用在辅音音素开头的单词前,an用在元音音素开头的单词前。根据play+球类，表示打.球；play basketball.表示打篮球。根据题意，故选D。17.【答案】C【详解】句意：在工作日，他通常在下午5:30左右到家。考查动词短语。arrives i n 到达，一般指到达一个大的地方；arrives a t一

9、般指到达一个小地方；gets后面接地点副词；gets t o 后面接地点名词。当hom e前面有所有格形式时是名词，可 用 get t o,比 如 get to one s home；根据句意，空后home是一个地点副词，所以前面不能有介词。故选C。18.【答案】D【详解】句意：根据一项调查，会说两种语言的人更容易同时处理两件事。考查定语从句及副词辨析。由“peopleare able to speak Iwo languages”可知，本句为定语从句，先行词people“人”指人，且在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词who引导定语从句。hard 努力地；hardly 几乎不；easy 容易的；e

10、asily 容易地。由“can more,manage two thingsat the same timer,可知，会说两种语言的人更容易同时处理两件事，故此处应为副词easily 容易 地 ,修饰动词manage 处理 。故选D。19.【答案】C【详解】句意：约翰拒绝在业余时间去上班，因为他想多花点时间陪陪家人。考查动词词义辨析。expected期待；decided决定；refused拒绝；offered提供。根据原因状语从句 ubecause he wanted to spend more time with his family.”可推测出,约翰是“拒绝 在业余时间去上班。故选C。20

11、.【答案】D2【详解】句意：托尼跑得比班上任何一个学生都快。考查副词比较级。根 据“runs.than any other student”可知，这里是副词比较级，fast副词，快 地,much faster“快 地 多 ,故选D。21.【答案】B【详解】句意：近来篮球的受欢迎程度在全球范围内一直在上升。考查现在完成时和动词辨析。raise是及物动词，后面要接宾语，rise是不及物动词，故先排除 C、D 选项。句中recently是现在完成时的标志，B 选项符合句意，故应选B。22.【答案】C【详解】句意:你担心考试吗？最好是通过锻炼来放松。做运动对你的身体和学习都有好处。考查介词辨析。in

12、在.中：for 为了；through 通过。根 据 It s best to relax.exercise.可知，是通过锻炼来放松，故选C。23.【答案】A【详解】句意：我们的老师要求我们在每年年初制定新年计划。正如俗话所说，好的开始是好的结果。考查名词辨析。beginning开 始;hobby爱好；education教育。根 据uOur teacherasked us to make New Year s resolution at the beginning of each year.可知,年初制定计划，所以是好的开始，故选A。24.【答案】A【详解】句意：一一妈妈，我必须现在就为新年晚会

13、做准备吗？一一不，你不必。但是你必须在所有客人到来之前把一切都准备好。考查情态动词辨析。needn t 不必;can t 不能够；mustn t 禁止。must引导的一般疑问句，否定回答用needn t 或 don t have t o,故选A。25.【答案】B【详解】句意：一一你觉得 误杀这部电影怎么样？一一我非常喜欢。在电影院看这部电影的时候,我感到非常兴奋。考查情景交际。I don t mind it.我不介意；I like it very much.我非常喜欢它；I can t stand it.我受不了它。根 据 I feel very excited when watching i

14、t in thecinema.”可知,应是很喜欢。故选B。三、完型填空（每小题1 分，共 10分）【答案】26.B 27.C 28.A 29.C 30.A 31.C 32.C 33.A 34.B 35.A【分析】3本文叙述了作者乘出租车发生的事情。通过出租车司机的一番话，阐明了一个道理：记住美好的，忘掉不愉快的，专注重要的。对待生活的态度决定生存的状态。26.句意：然而，你对这些行为的聪明回应是，你可以对他们微笑。result结果；reply 回复；talent 天赋。根 据 your smart.to the actions is that you can smile to them可知，此

15、处是reply t。短语，意 为“回复”，故选B。27.句意：16年前，我在纽约的一辆出租车上学到了这一课。example 例子；action 行动；lesson 课，教训。根 据 your smart.to the actions is that you cansmile to them”可知,是作者学到的一课,故选C。28.句意：我们正在右车道上快速行驶，突然，一辆黑色汽车出现在我们前面。came out 出版，出来；came from 来自；came back 回来。根据 awhen suddenly,a black car.infront of usJ,可知，黑车突然出现在我们前面，故

16、选A。29.句意：我的出租车司机拼命地踩刹车，幸运的是，我们的车在离那辆车后面只有一英寸的地方停了下来。finished 结束；began 开 始;stopped 停止。根 据 My taxi driver stepped on the brake as hard aspossible,and luckily our car.just one inch可知，在追尾之前停了 下来，故选 C。30.句意：我无法相信接下来发生的事。believe 相信；think 认为；hope 希望。根 据 I couldn t.what happened next.The driver of thecar tu

17、rned his head around and started shouting bad words.可知，明明是黑车的责任，但是却指责他人，作者无法相信，故选A。31.句意：但真正让我惊讶的是。why 为什么;how 如何；what 什么。根 据 But then here s.really surprised m e.可知,此处在句中作主语，故选C。32.句意：这家伙差点杀/我们！never从不；sometimes有时；almost几乎。根据前文描述可知，黑车差点造成事故，故选C。33.句意：就像垃圾车一样，许多人带着垃圾、愤怒和后悔到处跑。full 满的；free 免费的；crowde

18、d 拥挤的。根 据“many people run around.of garbage,anger,andregret”可知，此处是full o f短语，意 为“充满”，故选A。34.句意：垃圾越多，他们就找地方倒垃圾。peel 剥 皮;pour 倒;cut 切。根 据 As their garbage gets more,they look for a place to.it.”可知，是找地方倒垃圾，故选B。35.句意：你会更快乐。happier 更开心的；busier 更忙的；worse 更坏的。根 据 don t feel hurt,just smile,wave andmove on.

19、You will be”可知，不要觉得受伤了，微笑，挥手，然后继续前进，你会感到更开心，故选A。4四、阅读理解（每小题2 分，共 40分）A【答案】36.D 37.A 38.C 39.D 40.D【分析】文章讲述了中国作为自行车王国而著名，自行车有很多优点，便宜、占地小、更安全，但是也有问题，就是有些人不遵守交通规则，有的人骑得太快，上班高峰期，太多的自行车引起交通拥堵。36.细节理解题。根据 In our country you can see bicycles almost everywhere.可知在我们国家你几乎到处都能看到自行车。故选D。37.细节理解题。根据 China is kn

20、own as uthe kingdom of bicycles.In China,many familieshave one or two bicycles.可知中国有大量的自行乍。故选A。38.细节理解题。根据 First,they are much cheaper than cars.Second,bicycles are small enoughto park anywhere,while cars need a larger piece of land to park.What s more,with lower speed,bicycles are safer than cars.自

21、行车的优点文中有三处：一是便宜，二是易停放，三是安全。故选C。39.细节理解题。根据由too many bicycles may cause traffic jam s可知太多的自行车也能导致交通堵塞。故选D。40.句意猜测题。We still have a long way to go.意 为“解决这个问题我们有很长的路要走”，意思是解决这个问题我们仍然需要做很多事情；故选D。B【答案】41.D 42.C 43.B 44.D 45.D【分析】文章大意：本文主要讲述了一个农夫和一个商人一起坐飞机，这是一个很长的旅途。为了打发时间，他们做了一个猜谜游戏，如果农夫赢了，商人给农夫100美元；如果商

22、人赢了，农夫给商人50美元；结果农夫赢了 50美元。41.细节理解题。根据原文 Two men were sitting together in a plane.They were on a long journey.两个人坐在一架飞机上，这是一个长长的旅途。结合选项可知D 选项符合题意，故答案选Do42.词义猜测题。根据原文“What do you want to do?the businessman asked.“We can ask eachother riddles.the farmer said.以及下文 Thats not fair（公平）.You are a businessma

23、n with muchknowledge.You know more things than I do.I am just a farmer.可知这里 riddle 的意思应该是难5以找到答案的难题或者难解之谜，即谜语，结合选项可知C 选项符合题意，故答案选C。4 3.细节理解题。根据原文Thats not fhir（公平）.You are a businessman with much knowledge.You know more things than I do.I am just a farmer.,the farmer said.Thats true.thebusinessman s

24、aid.44What do you want us to d o?”可知，商人提议不知道答案的一方给对方100美元，但是农民觉得不公平，并表示商人知道的东西比他多。此时商人的回答“Thafstrue”表明，商人认为自己比农民知道的多。结合选项可知B 选项符合题意，故答案选B。44.推理判断题。根据原文Tm afraid I dont know the answer.He gave the farmer SlOO.Then hesaid、Tell me the answer.dont know.the fanner said.Then he gave the businessman$50.”恐怕

25、我不知道答案。他给了农夫100美元。然后他说：“告 诉 我 答 案 我 不 知 道。”农夫说。然后他给了商人50美元。由此可推知农夫玩谜语游戏赢了 50美元，故答案选D。45.理解判断题。根据原文 The businessman thought for a long time and said,“Mm,thats a goodone.Tm afraid I dont know the answer.商人想了很久说：“这的确是个不错的迷，恐怕我不知道谜底。”可知，商人不知道谜语的答案，故答案选D。C【答案】46.A 47.A 48.B 49.B 50.C【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述我们身体适应

26、寒冷的过程。46.细节理解题。根据“This may have something to do with how our bodies get used to the cold.”可知，这可能与我们的身体如何适应寒冷有关。故选A。47.推理判断题。根 据 For examples,fishermen work long hours with their hands in cold water.M可知，作者在第二段中举例说明我们的身体是如何适应寒冷的。故选A。48.词句猜测题。根 据 Our bodies experience cold all winter long.They get used

27、 to the cold andgradually warm up.They will not feel that cold day by day.”可知，整个冬天我们的身体都在经受寒冷，它们习惯了寒冷，并逐渐暖和起来，它们不会日复一日地感到寒冷。所以此处gradually的意思是“逐渐地,渐渐地”，与 slowly语意相近,故选B。49.推理判断题。根据 wThe truth is that the temperature in autumn and spring is the same.,可知，秋天和春天的温度是一样的。故选B50.最佳标题题。本文主要讲述我们身体适应寒冷的过程，故选C。D

28、【答案】51.B 52.C 53.C 54.A 55.C6【分析】短文主要介绍了橡皮擦的历史。51.细节理解题，根 据 The history of the eraser began in the 1700s.”可知,橡皮擦有三百年的历史了，故选B。52.词义猜测题，根 据 There were lots of rubber trees（橡胶树）in South America.People golrubber from the trees and made many things with it.A man from France visiting South Americasaw this

29、 material.南美洲有很多橡胶树。人们从树上拿到橡胶，用它做很多东西。一位访问南美的法国男子看到了这份材料”，那么这里it应该是指前面提到的橡胶，故选C。53.细节理解题，根 据 That was when Edward had an idea.Soon,he started to make rubbereraser and sell them 可知这里指的是他用橡胶制作橡皮擦并出售，故选C。54.段落大意题，根据第四段首句“How does the eraser work?这块橡皮是怎么用的？”可知应该是在介绍如何使这块橡皮擦工作，故选A。55.最佳标题，通读全文可知是在介绍橡皮擦的发

30、展历史，故选C。五、补全对话7选5（每小题2分，共10分）【答案】56.A 57.C 58.B 59.E 60.D【分析】本篇是一则记者对杂技演员Michael的采访记录，主要介绍了杂技表演的内容、具备的技能及报酬等。56.根 据 I perform in the evenings,but luckily I don t have to get up early.”可知，此处描述的是Michael一天的工作情况，可推断记者提问的是一天的工作情况，A 选 项“工作中你的一天是怎么样的？”符合语境。故选A。57.根 据 Because il s like a dream of flying.”可知

31、,此处陈述喜欢杂技表演的原因,可推断记者提问的是热爱工作的原因，对原因提问应用why,C 选 项“你为什么热爱你的工作？”符合语境。故选C。58.根据“Working at such a high level every day.Sometimes you wake up with a stomachache,but you have to perform.M可知，此处描述的是在杂技表演工作中遇到的困难，可推断记者提问的是工作中困难的事情，B 选 项“你工作中困难的事情是什么？”符合语境。故选B。59.根据“You need to be strong to deal with physical

32、 training.You mustn t be heavy,or yourpartner can t catch you easily.”可知，此处描述的是工作中需要具备的技能，可推断记者提问的是工作中的技能，E 选 项“成为一个高空秋千表演者，你需要什么样的技能？”符合语境。故选E。60.根 据 We get paid per show and the amount depends on your contract（合同）.Of course wecan get extra money for extra perfonnances.可知，此处描述的是报酬有关的情况，可推断记7者提问的与报酬

33、有关，D 选 项“通常你的报酬是多少？”符合语境。故选D。六、短文选词填空（每小题1.5分，共 15分）【答案】61.discussion 62.physical 63.points 64.even 65.if66.making 67.probably 68.lower mon 70.much【分析】本文就将视力作为中考的一部分而发表了不同人的看法。61.句意：最近，人们对将视力作为中考的一部分的决定进行了热烈的讨论。根 据“ahot”及备选词可知，此处表示热烈的讨论，用 discuss的名词discussion 讨 论 ，故填discussion。62.句意：山西省长治市的学生将接受“身体健

34、康”测试，包括视力。根 据 including eyesight及备选词可知，要接受“身体健康”测视，备选词physic的形容词physical“身体的”符合，故填 physical63.句意：那些视力不“正常”的人在中考时是拿不到5 分的。根 据 get the full five-in theirhigh school entrance exam”及备选词可知，此处指分数，five修饰名词的复数形式，故填points。64.句意：他们甚至不愿意说自己有这个问题。根 据 They hate to say they have thisproblem”及备选词可知，甚至都不愿意说自己有视力问题，

35、故填even。65.句意：但是如果你看不清楚，你怎么能学习呢？根 据 But how can you learnyou can tsee well”可知，后文是条件关系，如果看不见又如何能学习，故填if。66.句意：在做出这个决定之前，应该考虑每一个因素。根 据“this decision”及备选词可知，此处表示 做决定”，英文表达为make a decision,before是介词，后接动名词，故填making,6 7.句意:其次，一些近视的人可能是努力工作的结果。根 据 Here is what I think可知,这些原因只是作者的猜测，故此空应填probably表 示“可 能 地 ，故

36、填probably。68.句意：如果那些学习的人得分比那些不学习的人低，告诉我公平在哪里？根 据 Ifthosewho work has get scores than those who do not,tell me where fairness（公平）is 及备选词可知，如果努力学习的人比不学习的人取得更低的分数，作者都觉得不公平，结 合 一han”可知，此空应填形容词比较级lower“更 低 的 ，故填lower。69.句意：第三，富裕家庭能负担得起昂贵的近视治疗，而贫困家庭则负担不起。while在这里是转折关系，此空与rich应是意思相反的词语，故填poor。70.句意：因为他们已经承

37、受了来自竞争环境的巨大压力。此空缺少形容词修饰不可数名词stress,备选词much符合，故填much。七、书面表达（每小题1 分，共 20分）【答案】例文：Last month,our class had a charity sale.Two days before the sale,we handed out notices to makeour sale known by others.Then we made different things like food and toys.It was so much fun!8When everything was ready,we star

38、ted to sell the things.To our surprise,all the things were soldout in a short time!At last,we gave away the money we made to Childreny s Home.I think it was a meaningful experience.Making things helps develop our life skills.Meanwhile,we can learn how to communicate with others well.Last but not least,helping people makes ushappy.【详解】I.题干解读：题目要求根据表格信息写短文，谈谈班上组织的爱心义卖活动及自己的感受。要包含所有要点，可适当发挥。2.写作指导：写作时要以第一人称为主，以一般过去时介绍班上的爱心义卖活动，以一般现在时为主表达自己的感受。要做到要点齐全，无单词拼写和语法错误。9