2020-2021学年高二英语下学期期末测试卷（人教版）03【答案全解全析】.pdf

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1、【答案】第一部分:听力1-5：BCACB 6-10：BACBB 11-15：ACBCA 16-20：BAACC听力原文Text 1W:Pass me the orange juice,please?M:Sorry,I didnt hear that.The kids are making such a noise.W:I like peace and quiet while dining.They should play their pop songs elsewhere.(1)Text 2M:Who was that knocking at the window?Did we lock Al

2、lie out again?W:No,our kid has slept soundly.(2)It was one of those wild turkeys in the neighborhood.Theylike to hit our door and windows with their heads.Theyre worse than the cat!Text 3W:Its so cold here.Lets go to the beach for the holiday.I found cheap tickets to the southof France in December.M

3、:I was thinking about a ski trip,but we can save that for February.(3)Text 4M:Can you believe it?Just a few weeks ago we were wearing shorts and now we are wrappedup against winter winds?W:The weather changes so fast in this city.In summer its hot,and now we have this freezingweather.(4)But spring w

4、ill soon come around.Text 5M:rd like one pound of beef,two pounds of ham,and two more pounds of chicken.Howmuch will that cost?W:That will be$25,sir.TH have to cut the beef up.It should only take about five minutes.(5)Text 6W:I got my drivers license the day I turned 18,but my parents didnt let me d

5、rive till threeyears later.(6)M:My parents bought me a second-hand car when I got my drivers license.W:You are lucky.I had to have all of my friends drive me around for years!They were all olderthan me by a few months and still had their licenses before I did.What month were you born in?Iwas born in

6、 September.My birthday is exactly two months after my sisters!M:I was born on Christmas actually.(7)It gets a little annoying because we have to celebrateboth and I dont get my own day!Text 7W:How was your camping trip last weekend,John?M:Not great.The first night we stayed at one of those camping a

7、reas where you need to payto get in.There were too many people there,though.(8)(9)W:So,what happened next?M:The next day we decided to hike about four hours to a spot where there wasnt anybodyaround.(9)That was a big mistake.W:Why?M:None of us brought anything to make a fire with.Then it started rai

8、ning,and we realized evenwith our warm clothes it was too cold to stay overnight.W:So what did you do?M:We hiked back to the original camping area in complete darkness.We left the nextmorning because everyone was too tired from the night before.(9)What did you do?W:I watched a movie at home by a nic

9、e wood fire.Text 8M:Roger is so intelligent.(10)He thinks for himself.Hes a hard worker.He has good ideas andhe doesnt follow the crowd.W:So why does he do so badly in his exams?(10)M:Because he suffers from anxiety.He lacks confidence.(10)His brain is so active and he thinkstoo much.When it comes t

10、o exams,his intelligence actually works against him.W:I wish we could help him.It seems so unfair that a persons future can be determined by howwell they perform on one particular day.M:It is unfair but life is unfair.We must try to help him by showing him how to keep calmin stressful situations.(11

11、)W:How do we do that?I cant say that Im exactly an expert at dealing with stress,although I ambetter at it than I used to be.M:I can help him.I always think that exercise is a great way for dealing with stress andanxiety.When you have exhausted yourself while doing exercise,you dont have the energyt

12、o be nervous.(12)W:That is so right!I always feel calm after working out in the gym.(12)Text 9M:How is the job hunt going?(13)W:Ive applied to more than 20 jobs and had three interviews.I got two job offers but I donot really like either of them.(13)M:Why not?W:Neither of them gave me a good salary

13、offer.I think I deserve more than that.M:Have you researched what kind of salary your position should earn?W:Yes,and I should be getting much more than what they are offering me.M:Well,do you like the companies and the benefits they are offering you?W:I do,especially one of them called The Creator.(

14、14)They got a lot of great reviews fromtheir employees,and they are offering a great benefits package which includes medical anddental insurance and more holiday time than any other company.(14)M:Thats great.Dont just decline the job offer.You know what,you can negotiate the salaryoffer they give yo

15、u.(16)W:rd been at the company we were at for so long.(15)I forgot about the job process.I am alittle worried about asking for more.M:Listen!If they offered you a job,that means they want you!Especially in your field,dataanalytics,you are needed in todays job market.Everyone needs people to figure o

16、ut what to dowith all the data being collected.W:You have a point.I will give them a call right now.(16)Text 10(第20题为总结题)Hello everyone,and thank you for inviting me to speak at your school.(17)Now here is abig word for you-volcanologist.That is my job.Volcanology is the study of volcanoes and Ispen

17、d much of my time traveling to volcanoes around the world.China can count itself lucky.Itdoesnt have many active volcanoes.The last one to erupt was in 1951.My job has taken me tomany countries,from Italy to the U.S.I have just come back from Indonesia,(18)one of themost active volcanic areas.So why

18、 is my job important?Because when we understand volcanoes,we can predict how they will behave and help protect the people who live near them from possibleharm.When we think of volcanoes erupting,we think of rocks but perhaps the biggest danger isfrom ash.There have been some very famous volcano erup

19、tions.Krakatoa,in Indonesia,eruptedin 1883,killing over 36,000 people.Santorini,in Greece,was ruined by an explosion about 3600years ago.But the most famous eruption was Vesuvius in Italy in 79 AD.(19)Ash from theexplosion buried the Roman towns of Pompeii and Herculaneum,preserving them so well tha

20、t wecan now visit them today.They are a treasure for historians,so you could say every volcanic cloudhas a silver lining.第二部分：阅读理解第一节A21.C22.D23.D【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了夏威夷群岛中各个岛的旅游景点的特点和相关信息。21.细节理解题。根据 Hawaii 部分的“A visit to Volcanoes National Park,which has beendescribed as a true wonder of the world,

21、is a must.It is the states biggest attraction.(火山 国家公园被称为世界上真正的奇迹，是必须去的地方。它是该州最大的景点。)”可知，VolcanoesNational Park是夏威夷最大的景点。故选C。22.细节理解题。通过对比可知，“Hilton Hawaiian Village:iYom$73.00(希尔顿夏威夷村：73.00起)”是花费最少的，因此两个人待两晚至少需要$292.00。故选D。23.推理判断题。根据文章第一段The Big Island,of Hawaii is a paradise playground wherevisit

22、ors can enjoy a popular lifestyle.mountains and amazing active volcanoes/夏威夷的“大岛”是一个天堂般的游乐场，在那里游客可以享受受欢迎的生活方式，同时，见证自然的吸引力：数千平方英里形成一个仙境，以惊人的海滩，森林，白雪覆盖的山脉和惊人的活火山”结合下文介绍的一些经典特色和价格之类的内容可知，这篇文章主要是为了吸引人们去夏威夷旅游。故选D。24.D25.B26.B27.A【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个高超的骗局，一个衣着讲究的男人假装给妻子购买珍珠，伙同一名妇人骗取珠宝商$20,000然后逃之夭夭的故事。24.

23、推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知这个男人回头找珠宝商买一模一样的一颗珍珠，结合最后一段The jeweler was quick to pay her before she changed her mind.（在她改变主意之前，珠宝商很快就把钱付给了她广可知，珠宝商相信了这个男人要高价买珍珠，所以迅速高价跟妇人买下珍珠准备卖给这个男人，由此可推断男人第一次没有讨价还价就花5000美金买下珍珠是为了让珠宝商相信他，故选D 项。25.细节理解题。根据第二段“A few days later the man returned and said that his wife liked thepearl

24、so much that she wanted another one just like it.It had to be exactly the same size andquality（几天后，男人回来了，说他的妻子非常喜欢这颗珍珠，想再买一颗一模一样的。尺寸和质量必须完全相同）”可知，男人告诉珠宝商还想要买一颗和之前买的黑珍珠一样大一样好的珍珠。故选B 项。26.推理判断题。根据第三段“The rich man insisted that the jeweler advertise in the newspapers,offering$25,000 for the matching pe

25、arl.Many people answered the advertisement but nobodyhad a pearl that was just right.（富人坚持要珠宝商在报纸上登广告，出价两万五千美元买与之匹配的珍珠。许多人应征了这则广告，但没有一个人的珍珠是恰到好处的）可推知，很多人应征这个广告是为了高价卖出珍珠，故选B 项。27.推理判断题。根据最后一段“The jeweler was quick to pay her before she changed her mind.Then he called the rich mans hotel to tell him t

26、he good news.The man,however,was nowhere tobe found.（在她改变主意之前，珠宝商很快就把钱付给了她。然后他打电话给富人的旅馆，告诉他这个好消息。然而，那个人却无处可寻）“可知，珠宝商上当了，结合前文提到这个人高调求购一颗一样的珍珠，最后找到珍珠却找不到他可知，这个男人和这个妇人联合欺骗了珠宝商，让珠宝商损失了 20000美金，由此可推知，妇人是这个男人的同伙，故选A 项。C28.D29.C30.A31.B【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了电影和书籍的不同之处，以及电影在过去几十年中的发展情况和新冠疫情对于电影院产生的影响，作者呼吁立法者采取

27、行动来拯救电影院。2 8.细节理解题。根据第一段“Movies were more than photographs and different from books.They transmitted romance,danger and comedy straight into your emotional bloodstream,with noneed for translation and no cultural barriers.They were creating another world out there on thescreen,a world of joy and sadn

28、ess,laughter,romance,places far away in space and in time,heroesand heroines and ordinary people a world that moviegoers could enter and live other lives.They were giving our audience a common culture.（电影不仅仅是摄制，且不同于书籍。它们将浪漫、危险和喜剧直接送入你的情感血液，无需翻译，也没有文化障碍。他们在银幕上创造了另一个世界，一个充满欢乐和悲伤、欢笑和浪漫的世界，一个时空上遥远的地方，男女

29、主人公和普通人一个影迷可以进入并过上其他生活的世界。他们给我们的观众一种共同的文化户可知，电影和书籍的不同在于他们是跨语言和文化共享的。故选D。29.推理判断题。根据第二段中“Over the decades,movies and movie theaters have survivedmany competing technologies that threatened their extinction,among them television,VHS tapes,DVDs and Blu-rays,and streaming.（在过去的几十年里，电影和电影院在许多竞争技术的威胁下幸存了下

30、来，其中包括电视、VHS磁带、DVD和蓝光，以及流媒体）”以及“From 2010,justafter streaming became important,to the beginning of 2020,the number of movie theatersnationwide remained nearly constant,going from 5,773 to 5,798.Annual ticket sales dropped byonly 7 percent,from about 1.33 billion to about 1.24 billion.（从 2010 年流媒体开始变

31、得重要之后，到 2020年初，全国影院数量几乎保持不变，从 5773家增加到5798家。年票房收入仅下降了 7%,从 13.3亿降至12.4亿户可推知，作者提到年度电影票销售虽然下降，但是比率低，是为了表示电影院仍然受欢迎。故选C。30.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“If theaters do not survive,something irreplaceable will havebeen lost.We are social creatures.No matter how comfortable our living rooms and complex ourtechnology we

32、need community,we need physical contact with one another.（如果电影院不能存活下来，一些不可替代的东西将会失去。我们是社会动物。无论我们的客厅多么舒适，技术多么复杂，我们都需要社区，我们需要彼此之间的身体接触）”以及最后一段中“But all of usfelt that we now shared some magical bond.（但我们都觉得，我们现在分享了某种神奇的纽带）”可知，如果电影院不能在疫情中存活下来，将会失去我们之间的一种社会纽带。故选A。31.推理判断题。根据最后段中“But all of us fblt that

33、we now shared some magical bond.Lawmakers should act to save that magic.（但我们都觉得，我们现在分享了某种神奇的纽带。立法者应该采取行动来拯救这种魔力）可推知，关于电影院，作者可能会同意B 选项“采取行动支持他们”的做法。故选B。D32.C33.A34.D35.B【分析】这是一篇说明文。碳是构成有机物质的基本元素，也是温室气体二氧化碳的重要组成部分。文章介绍了碳循环，以及为减少碳足迹所采取的碳中和。32.词句猜测题。根据划线部分所在句子“Climate change has and still releases a hug

34、e set ofenvironmental disasters which are fueling the difficulty of survival on the planet.”（气候变化已经并仍在释放一系列巨大的环境灾难，这些灾难fueling地球上生存的困难。）结合句意，尤其是句中的disasters和 the difficulty of survival可推知划线词的意思是“增加，加剧”，即“这些灾难增加了地球上的生存困难”。A.Experiencing.经历；B.Overcoming.克服；C.Increasing.增加；D.Ending.结束。故选C。33.推理判断题。根据第三

35、段的“The carbon cycle is the transfer of carbon through differentmedia.（碳循环是碳通过不同介质的转移。）”和“For instance,carbon released into theatmosphere by the rapid burning of fossil fills back as rain in the form of carbonate（碳酸盐）andis absorbed by the reservoirs（oceans,surface water,and the earth surface）.Even th

36、ough theexchange of carbon between some of these reservoirs takes a long time,some over 100 years,carbon was absorbed until now.（例如，化石快速燃烧释放到大气中的碳以碳酸盐的形式以雨水的形式填充回来，并被水库（海洋、地表水和地球表面）吸收。尽管其中一些储层之间的碳交换需要很长时间，有些需要100多年的时间，但碳一直被吸收到现在。）“可推知，作者用举例的方式解释了碳循环。故选A。34.细节理解题。根据最有一段的“Similarly,China,which is resp

37、onsible for 25%of the worldsCO2 emissions due to its economic and industrial structure is currently decreasing its energyconsumption/GDP and CO2 emission/GDP,while increasing is forest cover and air quality throughits 14th Five-Year Plan（2021-2025）carbon neutrality actions.（同样，由于经济和产业结构的原因，中国的二氧化碳排放

38、量占全球的2 5%,目前，中国正在通过其第十四个五年计划（2021-2025年）的碳中和行动，降低能源消耗/GDP和二氧化碳排放/G D P,同时提高森林覆 盖 率 和 空 气 质 量 可 知，中国计划在第十四个五年计划的碳中和行动中，降低能源消耗和二氧化碳排放的G D P,同时提高森林覆盖率和空气质量。由此可知，中国在低碳方面的努力有一个明确的目标。故选D。35.推理判断题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第一段的“It is a vital component of the greenhousegas CO2,the highest percentage of the global wanning

39、 gas in the atmosphere.（它是温室气体二氧化碳的一个重要组成部分，二氧化碳在全球变暖的大气中所占比例最高。）”和第三段的“Thecarbon cycle is the transfer of carbon through different media.（碳循环是碳通过不同介质的转移。）”以及最后一段“The European Union（EU）is taking all measures it can to offset carbonthrough Emission trading system which helps industries to manage thei

40、r carbon footprints.（欧盟正在采取一切可能的措施，通过排放交易制度来抵消碳排放，这一制度有助于企业管理碳足迹。）”可知，这篇文章主要介绍了碳、碳循环，以及为减少碳足迹所采取的碳中和。由此推知，文章最有可能出现在环境专栏。故选B。第二节36.D37.C38.B39.A40.F【分析】这是一篇说明文。一项关于蝴蝶和天才的思想实验彻底解决了智商和情商哪个更重要的问题。36.根据后文“So if you asked people whether theyd rather be a butterfly or a genius,Tm bettingmost people wouldnt

41、 hesitate before choosing g e n iu s.（所以如果你问人们是愿意做一只蝴蝶还是一个天才，我敢打赌大多数人在选择天才之前都会毫不犹豫。）可知，此处是讲做蝴蝶不如做天才好，所以选项D（蝴蝶很漂亮，但缺乏力量。）切合文意。故选D。37.根据上文“Imagine two groups of people.Well call them the Geniuses and the Butterflies forshort.（想象两组人。我们简称他们为天才和蝴蝶。）可知，后文会分别陈述两组人。再结合后文“They come up with one ground-breakin

42、g invention every 10 human lifetimes.（他们每10个人一生中就有一个突破性的发明。）可知，此处是介绍Geniuses这一组，所以选项C（Geniuses这一组就是天才）切合文意。故选C。3 8.根据前文“But what the Butterflies lack in cognitive（认知的）horsepower,they make up forin social skills.（但是蝴蝶们在认知能力上的不足，在社交能力上得到了弥补。）可知，此处是讲蝴蝶出色的社交能力，所以选项B（每只蝴蝶有10个朋友。）切合文意。故选B。39.根据后文“The one

43、where the people are a hundred times smarter（the Geniuses）or the onewhere theye 10 times more social（the Butterflies）?（是聪明一百倍的人的天才社会还是社交能力优秀十倍的蝴蝶社会？）可知，此处是讲这两个社会哪个更好，所以选项A（哪个社会更好？）切合文意。故选A。4 0.根 据前文“But without them,new ideas dont spread fast enough to-make big impact.（但.如果没有他们，新思想的传播速度就不足以产生重大影响。）可

44、知，此处是讲有社交能力的人也很重要，根据后文“This fascinating thought experiment is good news for the communicatorsand connectors of the world,but its also a valuable lesson for anyone putting-together a team.（这个令人着迷的思维实验对于世界上的沟通者和连接者来说是好消息，但对于任何组建团队的人来说也是宝贵的一课。）可知，此处是讲情商对团体的成功更加重要。所以选项F（就团队成功而言，情商比单纯的智商更重要。）切合文意。故选F。第三部

45、分：语言知识运用第一节41.B42.A43.C44.D45.A46.C47.B48.A49.D50.B51.A52.C53.A54.B55.D56.A57.B58.D59.C60.C【分析】这是一篇议论文。作者开车驶过绿色的牧场，在清新的微风中感受到了自由和幸福的感觉，下车后接触到美丽的自然使作者明白了自由的意义，领悟到寻找幸福的最佳地点就在你的内心，并且幸福就像香水会传播给他人。41.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：微风清新，给我一种新定义的自由和幸福的感觉。A.familiar熟悉的；B.new 新的；C.old 老旧的；D.strange 陌生的。根据“The breeze felt refr

46、eshingly可知微风清新。故选B。42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：微风清新，给我一种新定义的自由和幸福的感觉。A.sense感觉；B.kind 种类；C.type 品种，类型；D.matter 事件。根据newly defined freedom andhappiness”可知是一种新定义的自由和幸福的感觉。故选A。43.考查介词词义辨析。句意：随着有一些可爱的小羊羔在吃草，造成了一些交通堵塞，所以风突然停止了，汽车也停止了。A.as作为；B.since自以后；C.with和一起，具有，关于，随着；D.for给，为了，关于，因为。根据“the car stopping”可知随着有一些可爱的小

47、羊羔在吃草。故选C。44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着一些可爱的小羊羔在吃草，造成了一些交通堵塞，所以风突然停止了，汽车也停止了。A.happened刚巧，发生；B.occurred发生；C.invented发明；D.created造成，仓 U 造。根据by the grazing of some cute lambs”可知小羊羔在吃草，造成了一些交通堵塞。故选D。45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我兴奋地从车里爬出来，我意识到我进入了一个新的世界，在那里我唯一的伴侣是我周围闪闪发光的美丽的自然。A.realized意识到；B.thought想，认为；C.recognized 意识到；D.disc

48、overed 发现，找到。根据Climbing out of the car inexcitement”可知作者意识到自己进入了一个新的世界。故选A。46.考查定语从句。句意：我兴奋地从车里爬出来，我意识到我进入了一个新的世界，在那里我唯一的伴侣是我周围闪闪发光的美丽的自然。A.which哪一个；B.when什么时候；C.where哪里：D.what什么。分析句子可知，此处是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是a neww orld,根据定语从句中主谓宾成分完整，可知缺少地点状语，因此要用关系副词where。故选 C。47.考查副词词义辨析。句意：站在那里，我终于明白了自由的意义!A.suddenl

49、y突然地；B.finally 终于，最后；C.gradually 逐渐地;D.immediately 立 亥!|。根据下文weve _ 9thesimple pleasures in lifb”可知作者站在那里，终于明白了自由的意义。故选B。48.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这个快节奏的世界，智能手机是一种必需品，没有互联网的生活可能是向精神错乱迈出的一步，我们已经忘记了生活中简单的快乐。A.necessity需要，必需品；B.equipment 设备；C.tool 工具；D.treasure 财富，财产。根据 In this fhst pacedworld和“and life without

50、internet”可知在这个快节奏的世界，智能手机是一种必需品。故选Ao49.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这个快节奏的世界，智能手机是一种必需品，没有互联网的生活可能是向精神错乱迈出的一步，我们已经忘记了生活中简单的快乐。A.conducted管理，引导：B.finished 完成；C.remembered 记得；D.forgotten 忘记。根据“In this fast pacedworld和the simple pleasures in life”可知作者表示我们已经忘记了生活中简单的快乐。故选Do50.考查动词词义辨析。句意：停下来问问自己，自从你不亦乐乎地坐下来无所事事，却仍然感到无比