Unit4Topic2SectionB（知识精讲分层练习）-八年级英语上册讲义（仁爱版）（教师版）.docx

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1、Unit 4 Topic 2 Section B目标导航单词doorway lij 入口，门道furniture 家具power 电源线，输电线shake 摇动，（使）颤动；抖（掉）shock 剧烈震动。使震惊aftershock（地震后的）余震check 查看，核实；检查gas气体燃料；气体million 百万whole整体的，全部的。整个，整体nation 国家：民族rebuild 重建，重组；使复原normal正常的，一般的appear 出现；看来；好像injured 受伤的，有伤的send 派遣；打发：安排去army 军队短语22.a way to do sth. = a way of

2、 doing sth.做的方法23.sit on the floor 坐在地板上24.in a doorway 在过道25 .be close to.靠近26 .stay / keep away from. 远离27 .get away from.离开28 .be careful of. 当心，小心29 .be careful ( not) to do sth.小心(别)做某事30 .be careful with.对仔细，细心31 .try (not) to do sth. try to do sth.7?(不)做32 .call 119 for help 设法呼救33 .turn (it,

3、 them ) on / off打开/关掉(电器，燃气，水笼头)34 .turn (it, them ) up / down关小/调大，调高(音晟，气量，水量)句型buy.=,t know which book I should buy.= I dont know which book to buy/Could you tell me how I can get to the shop. = Could you tell how to get to the shop.重点句子Many children lost their homes and couldnt go to school.趣,知识

4、精讲2 知识点01【课文原句】Did you hear about the Yushu earthquake in Qinghai Province?hear about=hear of 听说hear from 收到某人的来信Lhear作为行为动词听见时，hear sb do sth表示“听到某人做了某事”或“经常听到某人做某事”，hear sbdoing sth.表示“听到某人正在做某事”2 .hear about听说,hear about + sih听到关於某事物的消息3 .hcarsb./sthsh./sth听到或知道某人某事物的情况4 .hear from + sb=receive a

5、 letter from 接到某人的来信、 电话等5,hear宾语从句：听说或得知（某事物）注意：上句是宾语从句，当that在宾语从句中作连词引导从句时,that可省略。hear vt.听到,听；听说;审理hear sb可以听见某人说话 可以说I can hear you【即学即练1】I think I can hear someone（ knock）答案：knock2 知识点02【课文原句】It killed more than two thousand people and hurt more.more than =over 超过over的意思prep.（表示方向）越过,（部份或全部覆盖）

6、在上面，由于,（表示论及）关于adv.结束，再,（倒）下，从一边至另一边adj.过去的，外面的，在上的,上级的n.额外，剩余，剩余（或多余）的量,剩余物int.电信学报文完，请回复！vt.走过,跳过,美国方言从恢复过来over用法over可以用作介词over表示方向可作“从或通过顶上（交谈等）”解；作“从.边沿溢出，漫过”解，其后一般接容器类物体、河堤 等。over还可表示状态，作“遮在上方，盖在上面，伏在上”“挡在前面，遮在前面”解。over还可表示方式，作“通过，凭助，经由的媒介”解，其后常接电话、电视、收音机等交际工具名词。over用作介词的用法例句The lamp hung over

7、the table.那盏灯悬挂在桌子上方。He sprinkled sugar over his cereal.他在麦片粥里撒上了糖。He scattered his clothes all over the floor.他把衣服扔了 一地。all over处处，普及;浑身;全部结束over there adv.在那里over and over 反复;一再go over复习，重温;认真检查;转变;润色over with做完，完成;结束over and over again adv. 一再地;反复不断地over here adv.这里;在这边have someone over款待某人在家吃饭（或

8、饮酒等）;（在家）款待（指吃饭或饮酒）亦见bring, come, get等 条下习语;over against在对面;正对着;与相反;与形成对比over and above除之外;在之上doover重做;粉刷be all over someone 口语巴结（或讨好）某人over easy煎半熟蛋;煎两面;结束简单over and done with 结束【即学即练2】The lamp hung the table.A. above B.overC.behindD.under答案：B艰：、知识点03【课文原句】Do you know how to protect yourselves from

9、 the earthquake?protectfrom.保护免受pre vent. from. 0 protect. from.keep. from. stop Gom 的区另ijprevent sb from doing slh与stop sb (Yom doing slh用法相同，在主动语态中from可以省略，被动语态中不行。keep sb from doing sth中的from无论在主动语态中还是在被动语态中都不能省略。如果省略就会变成keep sb doing sth (使某人一直做某事)protect.from表示保护不受侵袭，挡住，防御。from后接能带来伤害或损害 之物。词义：

10、prevent sb from doing sth=kccp sb from doing sth=stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事 protectf?om 保护不受【即学即练3】(2014江苏改编)During this period Dale was slowly developing an inferiority complex (自卑感)，which his mother knew could him from achieving his real potential.A. prevent B. protect C. save D. free【答案】A力分层作

11、业题组A基础过关练(A)根据句意及汉语提示填空。6. Getting up early is a good(习惯).7. Wed better(远离)the crowded people.8. He isnt at school now.(或许)he is at home.9. Li Lei(打破)the school records last week.10. We sleep(至少)8 hours every day.(B)用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。(5分)11. The baby is very young. He has no(tooth) now.12. Yang Liwei

12、is one of the(hero) in my heart.13. Smoking can bring us many kinds of(ill).14. He spends two hours(exercise) every day.15. He did his homework all by(him) yesterday.【答案(A) 6. habit 7. stay away from 8. Maybe/Perhaps 9. broke 10. at least(B) 11. teeth 12. heroes 13. illnesses 14. exercising 15. hims

13、elf题组B能力提升练I.单项选择。1. When and where shall wc meet tomorrow?Lets it 3:00 p. m. at my home.A. do B. makeC. meetD. plan2.1 2 hours finishing my homework last weekend.A. took B. costC. paidD. spent3. Would you mind in the classroom?Sorry,【wonl do that again.A. not runningB. dont run C. not to run D. to

14、not run4. Did Alice sleep well last night?No, she didnt. She didnt go to bed 12 oxlock last night.A. after B. whenC. untilD. if5. What happened to Mike?He had a stomachache. He began to work having breakfast this morning.A. with B. ofC. fromD. without6. Where are you going, Jack?一Im going to the Eng

15、lish comer. Would you like to me?Im afraid I cant.A. take part in; joinB. join; take part inC. join; join inD. join in; lake part in7. beautiful flowers they are!A. WhatB. What aC. HowD. How a8. Hello! Id like to speak to Wang Fei.一 She is coming.A. Who are you?B. Id love to.C. I dont think so. D. H

16、old on, please.9. Do you often help your cousin with his English?No. He learns English.A. by himselfB. for himselfC. with himselfD. on himself10. Your team lost the game, but you shouldnt.A. build upB. give upC. cheer onD. look up11. Would you please pass me todays newspaper?A. Yes, please.B. Here y

17、ou are.C. You are welcome. D. Not at all.12. The new road is much than before. Six cars can pass it at the same time.A. largerB. widerC. fartherD. longer13. The old man was sad say a word when he heard the bad news.A. too; toB. enough; toC. such; asD. so; as14. We play on this road. There is too muc

18、h traffic.A. mustB. mustntC. needD. neednt15. Do you mind if I open the window?一 Go ahead, please.A. Of course!B. Sure!C. Certainly not! D. Youd better not.【解析】1. B考查make用法。此处是用make it代替meet at避免重复，故选Bo2. D考查动词辨析。根据固定短语spend（in） doing可知，故选D。3. A考查非谓语动词。mind后接动词-ing形式。故选A。4. C考查连词。句子结构是not . . . unti

19、l句型，until后跟时间，意为“直到才”。本句意为“直到昨晚12 点她才上床睡觉。”故选C。5. D考查介词。分析句意“迈克怎么啦?”“他肚子痛”可推测空格处的意思是“没有”吃早饭，其他都 不符合语境。故选D。6. A考查短语辨析。根据“take part in+活动”“join+组织”以及“take part in=join in”uj知，故选A。7. A考查感叹句。因为句中有名词flowers且是复数，故选A。8. D考查日常用语。根据语境可知被找的人没在，所以这里有“请稍候，别挂电话”之意，故选D。9. A考查反身代词。leam sth. by oneself “自学，由于主语是he,

20、其反身代词是himself,故选A。10. B考查短语辨析根据句意“比赛虽然输了，但我们不应该放弃”可知，故选B。IL B考查回答请求帮助的交际语。Yes, please.用来回答是否需要某项服务的肯定答语；You arc welcome. 和Not at all.用来回答表示感谢的应答语。Not at all表示“不用谢”或“对某事物没兴趣”,即“一点也不 （喜欢）“，不符合语境，而Here you are表示“给你”。符合题意，故选A。12. B考查形容词比较级。than暗示空格处应用比较级。根据后句的意思:“六辆小车可以同时通过可推 出空格处应为宽度，故选B。13. A根据句意”这位老人

21、因太难过而说不出话“可知，故选Ao14. B考查情态动词。mustnt 禁止”,neednt 不必要”,must “必须”,need “需要故选B.15. C根据答语中有“你请便”可知“不介意对方打开窗户”，故选CoII.完形填空。Four students are talking about the future after class.“In 2050, our life will be much 26than it is now. The sky is bluer and water is clearer. We can27the fresh air every day. Humans

22、and animals 28 the world peacefully. says Zhang Tao, fiill of hope.Wang Yan thinks that it is not a 29 to travel to the moon for a holiday. We eat healthy food every day. At that time, everyone will enjoy a 30 life.Li Yuanyuan believes that people will have more free time because robots (机器人)will be

23、 very popular and will do many things 31 people. And we will build new 32 on other planets (星球).Maybe we can chat with each other in our new homes.Zliao Kai thinks that no animals will die out because of cloning (克隆).There will33 no pollution (污染).Thewhole world will be one big 34 . As time 35 , wel

24、l live a much easier and better life.Their teacher Mr. Chen tells them to work hard fbr their dreams and future. Nothing is impossible.says Mr. Chen.26. A. better B. longerC. saferD. faster27. A. look B. tasteC. breatheD. see28. A. fight B. shareC. liveD. love29. A. dream B. wayC. feelingD. fun30. A

25、. shoiicrB. fasterC. longerD. fatter31. A. to B. withC. ofD. for32. A. familiesB. homesC. schoolsD. hospitals33. A. is B. arcC. beD. have34. A. family B. earthC. ballD. house35. A. past B. pastsC. passD. passes【解析】26. A根据后边句意“天更蓝水更清”可知“我们的生活更美好”，故选Ao27. C根据句意“每天我们都呼吸到新鲜的空气”可知，故选Co28. B根据句意“人类和动物和平分享

26、同一世界”可知，故选Bo29. A根据句意“未来去月球度假将不是梦想”可知，故选Ao30. C根据句意“健康的饮食人们更长寿了“可知，故选Co31. D根据句意“机器人将代替人做很多工作“可知，故选Co32. B根据后边句意“在新家里聊天”可知“在其他星球建立新家“，故选Bo33. 3根据“There will be.结构”可知,故选C。34. A根据句意“世界就像一个大家庭”可知，故选A。35. D根据句意”随着时间的流逝”以及“past是副词不能做谓语”可知，故选D.III.阅读理解。(A)36/0是5段电视节目内容的解说词，A-H是与其相对应的节目名称(其中有三项是多余的)，请为 每个电

27、视节目选择最合适的名称。36. When you need help with your homework, go to the library. You may find magazines, newspapers, and big dictionaries. They can always help you.37. For families with children, an important problem is gelling the children away from the television to do their homework.38. Even if you coul

28、d buy the world, you couldnt buy a happy family, good friends, or knowledge.39. The Lost World is an exciting American film. People, especially school students, may like it.40. People mighi grow plants and vegetables in about 5() years.A. The Importance of Knowledge (A talk between a famous teacher

29、and some students.)B. Money isnt Everything (A talk about money with young people.)C. American Film (An introduction to new American films.)D. Todays News (It will tell the important events around the world every day.)E. Study Tools (The famous teacher Lin Hui will tell you about some useful study t

30、ools.)F. Farms in the Future (A program about science in the future.)G. Popular Songs (A program in which you can enjoy some very popular songs.)H. Popular Talks (A discussion with parents who have trouble with their children.)(B)There is a famous English saying “You are what you eat”, and it means

31、what you put in your mouth will become part of you. Many experts (专家)use it to tell people its important to have a good eating habit. For example, too much sweet food makes a person overweight （超 重）.To avoid being fat, kids are told to keep off sweet food. But, a team of American scientists have fou

32、nd something new about eating sweet food.“When we say some people sweet, we mean they are kind and friendly to us. Perhaps（也iT） this word can help us learn more about peoples feelings and acts. said Brian Meier, a scientist from the study team. Taste is something we experience every day. What we hav

33、e done is to find whether we can know someones character（角色）and behavior（行 为）depending on their taste.”In one of their experiments（实验）， students were asked questions about their character whether, for example, they were soft-hearted or not. Then they were asked to make a list of their favorite food.

34、 According to their answers, the scientists found that the students who liked sweet food were nicer.In （heir another experiment, the scientists found （hat people who preferred sweet food such as cookies and chocolate were more willing to help other people in need, and those who ate non-sweet food su

35、ch as chips werent. For example, people with a sweet tooth were more likely to volunteer to clean up their city, visit sick children in the hospital and so on.The result of the experiments is that peoples helpfulness or being nice has something to do with their taste fbr sweet food. So eating sweet

36、food is a useful way to make people nice and helpful. Next time, try some ice-cream. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。41. The underlined word it refers to ?A. the sweet food? ?B. （he eating habitthe American team? ?C. the English saying42. According to the result of the experiments, sweet food makes people ?A. overwei

37、ght? ?B. excited? ?C. rclaxcd?D. friendly43. The scientists found that the people who preferred? were less helpful.A. ice-cream? B. chocolate? C. chips? D. cookies44. According to the passage, which of the followings is NOT true?A.There is some relationship between someones character and their taste

38、.B.Kids are told to keep away from sweet food to be fat.C.What you put in your mouth will show your character.D.If people want to be kind or friendly, they can try some sweet food.45. It can be learnt from （he passage （hat?A. scientists asked college students questions about their futurescientists t

39、old college students not to eat sweet foodB. people with a sweet tooth are more willing to help otherspeoples character has nothing to do with their taste?【解析】（A） E此文段描述的是关于“学习工具”的电视节目。36. H此文段描述的是一个，父母教育子女”的电视节目。37. B此文段描述的是一个“对金钱”态度的电视节目，有很多比金钱更重要的东西。38. C此文段描述的是“美国电影”的事情。39. F此文段描述的是有关50年以后，人们种植的情况。（B） .D根据第一段第一句可知，it”指前半句中“you are what you eat”这句谚语，故选D。41 .D根据第五段第一、两句可知，实验证明吃甜食可使人变得友好，故选D。42 .C根据第四段第一句可知，吃不到甜的食物，如薯片的人群并不是那么乐于助人，故选C。43 .B根据第一段第四句可知，为了避免发胖，大人让孩子少吃甜食，故选B。45.C根据全文可知C项正确，其他选项不准确，故选C。