Unit4Topic2SectionA（知识精讲分层练习）-八年级英语上册讲义（仁爱版）（学生版）.docx

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1、Unit 4 Topic 2 Section A目标导航单词earthquake 地震strike侵袭，爆发；撞，撞击province省份，（某些国家的）一级行政区missing失踪的，找不到的，丢失的；缺少的mobile可移动的phone电话，电话机fire失火，火灾；火rainstorm暴风雨snowstorm 暴雪level级别；水平，程度sad难过的；悲哀的calm镇静的，沉着的typhoon 台风flood洪水，水灾drought旱灾，久旱downstairs往楼下，去楼下middle中间，中央，中心indoors在室内短语l.fall down跌倒，倒塌，摔倒2 .fall on.

2、掉在L3 .be missing / lost 失踪,丢失4 .another two people = two more people 另U夕卜两个人5 .1ose ones life / lives 失去生命6 .1ose ones home 失去家园7 .ask sb. for sth .向某人要/寻求某物8 .ask sb. for help向某人求助9 .a number of + pl.许多（作主语时谓语用复数）10 .the number of + pl的数量（作主语时谓语用单数）句型buy.=,t know which book I should buy.= I dont kn

3、ow which book to buy?Could you tell me how I can get to the shop. = Could you tell how to get to the shop.重点句子A number of geese are swimming now.The number of the geese is ten.鳖知识精讲史,知识点01【课文原句】L: Oh, no! When and where?K: It struck Yushu in Qinahai Province early this morning. 一、what什么，用来问是什么，叫什么，做

4、什么等1 . What,s your name?你叫什么名字？2 . Whats your father?你爸爸是干什么的？3 .Wha（ is in your box?你的盒子里是什么？What time什么时间，用来问时间What lime is it?几点了 ?What time is it now?现在几点了 ?What colour什么颜色，用来向颜色I .what colour is your bag?你的书包是什么颜色？4 .what colour is your book?你的书本是什么颜色？What about怎么样，用来征求意见或询问感受等，大多用于承接上面的同样问题1 .

5、what bout this pair of shoes?这双鞋子怎么样？2 .what about you?你呢？3 .what about your dad?你爸爸呢？What day,星期儿，用来问星期几1 .what day is it today?今天星期几?2 . what day was yesterday?昨天星期几？What date什么日期,问具体的日期1. Whats the date today?今天是几号?2. What date is tomorrow?明天是几号？What. for 为何 R 的用来问目的，在一定情况下只可以与why互换What did you b

6、uy that for?你为什么要买那个？二、when什么时候，用来问时间1 .When do you get up?你什么时候起床？2. When did you go there?你什么时候去的那里？三、where哪里,用来问地点1 . where is my ruler?我的尺子在哪里?2 .where arc you from?你是哪里人？3. where are you going to ?你打算去哪里？四、which哪一个,用来问具体的哪一个1 . which season do you like best?你最喜欢哪个季节？2 .which class are you in?你在

7、哪个班？3 .which one is my pen?哪一个是我的钢笔？五、who谁，用来问人物是谁1. .who is that boy?那个男孩是谁？2. who are you going to with?你打算和谁一起去？3. Who is that pretty lady?那个漂亮的女士是谁？ 六、whose谁拓，用来问东西是谁的1 . whose bag is this?这是谁的包？2 .whose bike is yellow?谁的自行车是黄色的？七、why为什么，用来问原因1 .why do you like spring?你为什么喜欢春天？2 . why did you go

8、 there?你为什么去那里？八、how怎么样用来询问身体等状况1. how are you?你好吗？2. how is your mother?你妈妈好吗？How old几岁，用来问年龄1 .how old are you?你几岁了？2 . how old is your father?你爸爸多大了？How long多长,用来问长度.1 .how long arc your legs?你的腿多长?2 . how long is your pencil?你的铅笔多长？How big多大，用来问物体的大小1 .How big is your bedroom?你的卧室多大？How tall多高，用

9、来问高度2 .How tall is your brother?你弟弟有多高？How heavy多重，用来问重量.How heavy are you?你有多重？1 .How heavy is this box?这个箱子有多重?How far多远，用来问路程I .How far can you dive under the water?在水下你能游多远？2 . How far is it from here?从这儿去有多远？How many多少，用来问数量.How many apples do you have?你有多少苹果?1 .How many days are there in a yea

10、r?一年有多少天？How much多少钱，用来问价格.how much is this dress?这个连衣裙多少钱?1 .how much arc these desks?这些桌子多少钱?How about怎么样用来征求意见或询问感受等，大多用下承接上面的同样问题，用法与what about相同1 . how about you?你呢？2 .how about that shirt?那件衬衣怎么样?【即学即练1】3生知识点02【课文原句】dovvn.Somedings fell down.Some people died and many people are missing.many+可数

11、名词复数a lol of = lois of,可修饰可数或不可数名词，意为“许多”，“大量的，相当于many或much。a lot, a lot of, lots of通常用于肯定句eg: Theres a lot of work to do and a lot of people have been sent there.有许多事情要做，许多人已派去那里 了。a little, a few： 一些。a little形容不可数名词、形容词和a few形容可数名词。eg: I have a little money; Im a little hungry； I have a few bookso

12、little, few,指几乎没有，little形容不可数名词，few形容可数名词much,many,表示很多，前者用于形容词比较级及不可数名词，后者用于修饰可数名词；eg: Its much easier now; Therere much water in the tank; 1 have many books;some, any,表示一些，前者用于肯定陈述及委婉请求，后者用于否定句及一般疑问句；eg: I have some books; Would you like some coffee? I dont have any books; Is there any coffee in y

13、our cup? plenty of稍微复杂一点，用于口语表达时修饰不可数名词的程度而非数量多一些,但它也可以修饰可数名词, 只是情况稍少些【即学即练2】Many (student) are playing basketball on the playground.答案：students3”知识点03【课文原句】How terrible! How can wc protect ourselves from the earthquake? Lets ask Miss Wang for help.感叹句：what+名词短语；how+形容词/副词由what引导的感叹句，其句子结构可分为以下三种：1

14、.可用句型：What + a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！如：What a clever girl she is !What a nice present it is!它是一件多么好的礼物啊!What an interesting book it is!它是一本多么有趣的书啊!2 .可用句型：What +形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语！ 如：What beautiful flowers they are!多么漂亮的花啊！What good children (hey are!他们是多么好的孩子啊！3 .可用句型：What +形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!如：What fine

15、weather it is today!今天天气多好啊！What important news it is!多重要的新闻啊!由how引导的感叹句，其句子结构也分为三种：1 .可用句型：How +形容词/副词+主语+谓语！如：How kind you are !How careful she is!她多么细心啊!How fast he runs!他跑得多快啊!2 .可用句型：How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！如：How beautiful a girl she is!她是个多么漂亮的姑娘啊！3 .可用句型：“How +主语+谓语！） 如：How time flies!光阴似箭！

16、4. how在感叹句中修饰动词感叹句有时可用“how+主语+动词”构成，此是how直接用于修饰动词。如：How I missed you.我多么想念你啊。How yoifve grown!你都长这么大啦！How I want to be a doctor.我多么想成为一名医生啊！感叹句型总结What +a+形容词+名词+其他成分！ How +形容词+ a +名词+其他成分！What +形容词+复数名词+其他成分！ How+形容词或副词+其他成分What +形容词+不可数名词+其他成分！ How+主语+谓语！How+主语+动词！protect.from免受ask sb for help.=tum

17、 to sb 向某人求助即学即练 4 If you have any problems,you can ask your teacher help.A. for B. to C. with D. on答案：A题组A基础过关练（A）根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。1. The boy didnt go to bed last night, he played the computer games the w night.2. A and people are like water and fish.3. After receiving my e-mail, Li Lei s an e-mail b

18、ack to me yesterday.4. 1 passed the I of 4 English test last year.5. We should call 119 for help at once when a f happens.（B）根据句意及汉语提示填空。6. No one knows clearly when the next（地震）will happen.1.1 bought a mobile（电 话）for the old for my father on his seventieth birthday.8. Many students cant see the bla

19、ckboard clearly because a tall boy sits in the（中间）of the classroom.9. The first thing we should do is to（保持）calm when an earthquake happens.10. We should learn something to（保护）ourselves from a fire.题组B能力提升练I.单项选择。1. Kangkang, I my pen. Could you please lend me yours?一Im afraid I cant. Mine is, too.A

20、. lost; lostB. missing; missing C. lost; missing D. missing; lostThe old woman lost the hope of life because her two sons lost their lives in the earthquake.She should cheer up. A dead heart is much than sadness.A. terribleB. more terrible C. most terrible D. the most terrible一Is everyone out of the

21、 fire?No,two are still in the burning house.A. anotherB. otherC. the other D. othersJack his job last week. Do you know why?Because he was always late fbr work.A. foundB. lostC. lovedD. dislikedWhat you said is very good. Do you have else to say?_more.A. something; Anything B. anything; SomethingC.

22、anything; Nothing D. nothing; AnythingAn earthquake struck Yushu yesterday. Did you it?一Yes. I it killed many people. Thats too terrible.A. hear; hearB.hear of; hear of C. hear; hear of D. hear of; hearI will thank Mr. Wang. I couldirt pass the last exam his help.一Youre right.A. withoutB.withC.forD.

23、under一The family is loo poor the child to school.What a pity!A. send B. sending C. to sendD. sentLook! The people their homes after the earthquake. I think （heyto normal life very soon.A. are rebuilding; are returningB. are returning; are rebuildingC. will return; are rebuildingD. are rebuilding; wi

24、ll returnheads means No in China but Yes in India.一Sounds interesting.A. Shaking B. MovingC. HittingD. WashingII.完形填空。It was a hot Chicago day in August when Mikes fire-fighting crew G肖防队）tried to manage a fire in a building. “It was hopeless（没有希望的）to put out the fire 16 of the strong wind, says Mik

25、e. By the time the 24-ycar-old fireman（消防员）arrived most of the people had 17 left the blazing（火焰）building. Suddenly, a woman came running up to them shouting, 4My baby, where is my Kris?” The woman explained that she had left her 7-year-old son alone while she went shopping. Mike made his way back u

26、p to the building. He could see a little boy 18 on the floor. *i didnt even have time to think if he was alive（活着的）or dead. I just caught him and 19 out.” Mike heard the floor the sound of the floor above crumbling（破碎）just as they left the building. The people broke into 20 as they saw them. When Kr

27、is coughed Irom （he smoke, Mike knew he was still alive. Mike was a hero, but little did he know how his decision（决定）would 21 his own life 20 years later.Two weeks after the building fire, Mike had two visitors appear at the station Kris and his mother. They had come to 22 him and they would repay（偿

28、还）him a life. Since then Kris visited Mike at least once every week after school. A few months later, they really became friends. As the years went on, Mike man ied（结婚）,started his own family. Kris went co college, but the two kept in touch, writing letters and talking on the （elephone. Ac age 37, t

29、here was something wrong with Mikes kidney（肾脏）.By age 44, Mike was badly ill and he needed a donor（捐赠） kidney. When Kris called only to 23 that Mike was on his deathbed（临终之时）,he knew he could 24 repay him. He said to him, Ive got two kidneys, and you can have 25 The operation（手术）was successful. 4Mik

30、e says were even now,“ says Kris. But the （ruth（Mffl） is he was there all my life to help me make decisions and give me support（支持）Mike and Kris both went on to live happy, healthy lives in Chicago.16. A. becauseB. andC. orD. so17. A. almostB. alsoC. alreadyD. again18. A. sittingB. lyingC. standingD

31、. moving19. A. walkedB. jumpedC. steppedD. rushed20. A. laughingB. shoutingC. cheersD. tears21. A. makeB. valueC.saveD. control22. A. thankB. seeC. knowD. help23. A. （hinkB. noticeC. sayD. hear24. A. finallyB.suddenlyC. directlyD. quickly25. A. itB. themC. oneD. anotherHL阅读理解。（A）When we feel the gro

32、und moves suddenly, it means that an earthquake may come. Many of the earthquakes first come under the sea and （hen happen anywhere on the earth. Especially they often happen near the mountains and seas such as Wenchuan, Japan and Indonesia.When an earthquake happens, its very easy to cause a tsunam

33、i （海啸）.Houses fall down, many people are injured and even died.Now scientists are trying their best to study earthquakes. They make maps to show the4iearthquake belts （地震 带）So the houses there must be quite strong.Wc believe that scientists will be able to tell us when and where an earthquake will h

34、appen in the near future. Also, they can tell us what to do and how to do. People can even use earthquakes to do something for us humans.根据短文内容，判断正（T）误（F）。26. Japan is a country with many earthquakes because it is near the sea.27. In areas in the “earthquake belts，people build strong houses for safe

35、ty.28. Scientists can prevent earthquakes happening.29. Many people lost （heir lives in the earthquakes because they didnt help each other.30. Sometimes an earthquake happens with a tsunami.（B）Hurricanes （飓风）are storms. They can cause terrible waves, wind and rain. They happen in the Atlantic Ocean

36、and the Pacific Ocean most of the time.Category （类别）Scientists divide （划分）them into five categories according to （he wind speed.A Category 5 hurricane can destroy （摧毁）all the buildings.Characteristic（特征）Hurricane Season usually comes in June 1st and ends in November 30th in the Atkuitic Ocean, from

37、May 15th to November 30th in Ilie Pacific Ocean.DangerIt can cause flood when a hurricane conics with heavy rain.A hurricane has an eye. The eye means the center of a hurricane. After （he eye passes, the wind and rain comes again.Safety adviceStay inside during the Hurricane, or youll be injured.根据短

38、文内容，选择正确答案。31. Hurricane Season usually lasts about months in the Atlantic Ocean.A. 4B.5C. 6D. 732. Hurricanes arc divided into five categories by.A. wind speedB. the degree of damage （破坏程度）C. the places of hurricanesD. the time of hurricanes happening33. TheA.speedof a hurricane is called the eye.B. center34. When a hurricane comes with heavy rains,C. damage will happen.D. heightA. a tsunami （海啸）B. a strong wind C. an earthquakeWhen a hurricane happens, we had better.A. call the police B. walk outside C. stay insideD. a floodD. run after it