儿童口腔保健课件.pptx
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1、Oral cavity is the initial part of the digestive tract.The anterior fissure is connected with the outside world,and then continues with the pharynx through the pharyngeal isthmus.There are teeth,tongue and other organs in the mouth.The anterior wall of the oral cavity is the lip,the lateral wall is
2、the cheek,the top is the palate,and the bottom of the oral cavity is the mucosa and muscle.The upper and lower dental arches are divided into the anterolateral oral vestibule and the posteromedial oral cavity proper;汇报人:汇报人:儿童口腔保健目 录CONTENTS学龄前儿童乳牙保健(36)学龄儿童替牙期口腔保健(612)儿童龋齿的防治常见问题PART 01学龄前儿童乳牙保健(36
3、)Oral cavity is the initial part of the digestive tract.The anterior fissure is connected with the outside world,and then continues with the pharynx through the pharyngeal isthmus.There are teeth,tongue and other organs in the mouth.The anterior wall of the oral cavity is the lip,the lateral wall is
4、 the cheek,the top is the palate,and the bottom of the oral cavity is the mucosa and muscle.The upper and lower dental arches are divided into the anterolateral oral vestibule and the posteromedial oral cavity proper;学龄前儿童乳牙保健(36)防龋防龋 01刷牙 02氟化物 03窝沟封闭 04定期检查学龄前儿童乳牙保健(36)刷牙23岁以前,婴幼儿自己不能清洁口腔,要求家长在每次饮
5、食之后用棉签蘸清水最好是淡盐水给小儿轻轻擦洗牙面、牙龈和口腔各部位软组织。3岁以后,要教会儿童自己刷牙。4岁以后,可以开始用含氟牙膏。学龄前儿童乳牙保健(36)局部用氟 局部用氟的效果与儿童开始使用的早晚有关,对新萌出的牙齿效果较好。这是因为刚萌出的牙齿还处在继续矿化过程中,局部用氟可增进牙齿矿化、加强抗龋能力。使用含氟防龋儿童牙膏在幼儿园集体使用局部含氟材料在医生指导下定期涂氟(2%氟化钠、8%氟化亚锡)PART 02学龄儿童替牙期口腔保健(612)Oral cavity is the initial part of the digestive tract.The anterior fiss
6、ure is connected with the outside world,and then continues with the pharynx through the pharyngeal isthmus.There are teeth,tongue and other organs in the mouth.The anterior wall of the oral cavity is the lip,the lateral wall is the cheek,the top is the palate,and the bottom of the oral cavity is the
7、 mucosa and muscle.The upper and lower dental arches are divided into the anterolateral oral vestibule and the posteromedial oral cavity proper;学龄儿童替牙期口腔保健(612)1、乳牙滞留和多生牙2、六龄齿保健3、纠正不良习惯 学龄儿童替牙期口腔保健(612)乳牙滞留乳牙滞留是指继承恒牙已萌出,未能按时脱落的乳牙,或恒牙未萌出,保留在恒牙列中的乳牙及时拔除学龄儿童替牙期口腔保健(612)多生牙超过正常牙数以外的牙齿好发部位:上颌中切牙之间、牙弓末端第三
8、磨牙之后多呈圆锥形、圆柱形影响恒牙的发育和萌出应及时拔除学龄儿童替牙期口腔保健(612)六龄齿最后一颗乳磨牙(第二乳磨牙)后方悄悄萌出的是第一恒磨牙,因在6岁左右萌出,又称“六龄齿”,它对维持健全的牙列起着关键性的作用;在整个恒牙列中萌出最早、使用时间最长,发生龋病和其它损害的机会较多,因此一定要加强对其保护,做到无龋早防(如局部涂氟和窝沟封闭),有龋早治。因“六龄齿”在乳牙列最后方,萌出时往往不在意,有的家长误当是乳牙,6-7岁时发现“六龄齿”龋坏,以为很快要被替换,结果越烂越多,甚至失去治疗机会。“六龄齿”完全萌出后,必要时可到医院做窝沟封闭加以保护。学龄儿童替牙期口腔保健(612)纠正不
9、良习惯吐舌、吮指、吸空奶瓶、咬铅笔等不良习惯常常造成牙合畸形张口呼吸可造成开唇露齿单侧咀嚼常导致一侧颌骨和咀嚼肌发育丰满,另一侧发育较差,形成面部不对称。学龄儿童替牙期口腔保健(612)因此从小应培养良好的习惯,已有的不良习惯应进食耐心教育纠正。由不良习惯引起的牙颌畸形,如能在10岁前彻底纠正,相应的牙颌畸形多能自愈;自行纠正困难者,及时请口腔医生指导。PART 03儿童龋齿的防治Oral cavity is the initial part of the digestive tract.The anterior fissure is connected with the outside wo
10、rld,and then continues with the pharynx through the pharyngeal isthmus.There are teeth,tongue and other organs in the mouth.The anterior wall of the oral cavity is the lip,the lateral wall is the cheek,the top is the palate,and the bottom of the oral cavity is the mucosa and muscle.The upper and low
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