高考英语语法练习及答案.pdf

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1、高考英语语法专题练习及答案高考英语语法专题练习：I.单句语法填空（情态动词、虚拟语气）1.（2022合肥高三质量检测）T h e p l a y e r s f r o mG u a n g z h o u E v e r g r a n d e F o o t b a l l C l u b h a v e b e e n d o i n gv e r y w e l l r e c e n t l y,s o t h e y w i n t h e f i n a lm a t c h.答案：s h o u l d 解析：考查情态动词。句意：广州恒大足球俱乐部的运动员最近表现一直很好，所以

2、按道理说他们应该能赢得决赛。根据句意可知，此处用情态动词s h o u l d 表示一种预期，常译为按道理说应该。2.（2022 山东潍坊高三联考）0n e o f o u r r u l e s i s t h a tn o s t u d e n t s c a r r y m o b i l e p h o n e s w h i l e t a k i n ga n e x a m.答案：s h a l l 解析：考查情态动词。句意：我们的一项规定是，学生参加考试时禁止带手机。s h a l l 用于第二、三人称，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、威胁、许诺等。3.（2022福建四地六校高

3、三联考）C o u l d I s u r f t h eI n t e r f o r t w e n t y m o r e m i n u t e s,M u m第 1 页 共 1 7 页O h,d e a r,i f you.答案：m u s t 解析：考查情态动词。句意：妈妈，我能再上 20分钟的网吗噢，亲爱的，如果你一定要的话，那好吧。i f y o u m u s t （表示虽不赞同但允许）如果你一定要，符合语境。4.（2022湖南五市十校高三联合检测）Y o u n e e d t o t a k ea b r e a k f r o m a l l t h i s h a r

4、 d w o r k.R e m e m b e r：n o t h i n gm a k e u p f o r t h e l o s s o f y o u r h e a l t h.答案：can解析：考查情态动词。句意：在辛苦工作之后你需要好好休息一下。请记住没有什么能弥补你失去的健康。5.（2022 沈阳高中质量监测）W e c a n t i m a g i n e t h a t t w oc h i l d r e n b e k i l l e d b y t h e w a s h i n g m a c h i n e o ft h e i r h o u s e!答案

5、：s h o u l d 解析：考查情态动词。句意：我们无法想象两个孩子竟会被她们家里的洗衣机杀死。s h o u l d 可表示说话人的特殊情感，如惊奇、愤怒、失望等。6.D a y s l a t e r,I t r i e d t o g e t m y s i s t e r t o t e l l m ew h a t w a s g o i n g o n,b ut she s a y a n y t h i n g.答案：w o ul d n t 解析：考查情态动词。句意：几天后，我设法让姐姐告诉我发生了什么，但她什么都不肯说。第 2 页 共 1 7 页7.Look!There

6、are so many mistakes in yourposition.You have fixed full attention on it.答案：s h o u l d解析：考查情态动词。句意：看!你的作文里有那么多的错误。你本应该把所有的注意力都集中在它上面的。表示本应该做但实际上没有做应该用should havedone结构。8.(2022杭州高考科目教学质量检测)The voluntaryservice saved you a sum of money that you otherwise(spend)on the agency responsible for findingyou

7、r pets.答案：would have s p e n t解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：本来你要花一大笔钱给负责帮你找宠物的那家机构的，(但)这个志愿者服务机构帮你省下了这笔钱。根据主句的时态和句中的。therwise判断，这里表示与过去事实相反的假设，定语从句中用would have done表示本来要做某事。9.You never work too hard in learning alanguage.Thats what it takes to learn a language well.答案：c a n解析：考查情态动词。句意：学习一门语言时你再努力也不为过，那是学好一门语言所必需的东西

8、。cant(can never).too.再也不为过，符合语境及句子结构，故选B。第 3 页 共 1 7 页10.（2022成都高中毕业班诊断性检测）You talk somuch about London.You have been there.Yeah,I went sightseeing on a tour last summer.答案：m u s t解析：考查情态动词。根据you talk somuch about London.可知，空处应表示对过去事实的肯定推测，因此用must have doneo can表示推测时常用于否定句或疑问句。11.（2022 山东潍坊高三联考）How

9、about your trip toHawaiiWonderful!I have enjoyed myself more.答案：couldnt 解析：考查情态动词。根据Wonderful可知，此处意为我不可能过得比那更愉快了，暗指当时过得最愉快。cant/couldnt.+比较级可表达最高级含义。12.（2022福建福州高三质量检测）What if you（forget）to send all essay with yourapplicationI would have been rejected.答案：had forgotten解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你在寄申请的时候忘记发送一篇论文会

10、怎么样我会被拒绝的。根据答语可知，问句表示对过去事实相反的假设，故应用过去完成时。第 4 页 共 1 7 页13.The constant rise of meat price requires thateffective measures(take)by the government.答案：be t a k e n解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：肉价的持续上涨要求政府采取有效措施。require后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，be taken前省略了 shouldo14.(2022北京海淀区高三期末)But for the mistakeshe made,Li Ming(pass)the entranc

11、e exam lastyear.答案：would have p a s s e d解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：李明要不是在去年的入学考试中犯了那些错误，他原本可以通过考试的。由But for和made可知，这里表示与过去事实相反的假设，谓语应用would have+过去分词。15.(2022北京东城区高三检测)Do you like theschoolYeah.I only wish the c l a s s e s(b e)alittle smaller.答案：w e r e解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：你喜欢这个学校吗是的。我只希望我们的班级小一些。在wish后的宾语从句中，谓语动词要用虚拟语

12、气，此处表示对现在情况的一种假设，谓语动词要用过去式。I I .阅读理解(人物故事类+社会文化类)第 5 页 共 1 7 页A(2022届高三大联考一)(CNN)-She traveled the world with her husband for22 months without major trouble,but a month afterreturning to the United States,Leanne Hecht Beardenis missing after she went for a walk.A search is under way in Texas,northea

13、st of SanAntonio,for the Denver woman who took a walk almost aweek ago and has not returned to her residence whereshe and her husband,Josh,were staying.Bearden,33,went missing Friday in the earlyafternoon,and police are encouraging the public toprovide any information.While family and friends saypol

14、ice are engaged in this case and are being diligentin their efforts,they have decided to take thesearch into their own hands and have hired privatehelicopters to help look for Bearden.Her brother,Michael Hecht,told CNN two helicopters searched fornearly three hours Thursday following ground searches

15、the previous two days.第 6 页 共 1 7 页Bearden and her husband Josh had just returned tothe United States in December after spending nearlytwo years traveling around the world.They documentedtheir journey in a blog.She and her husband of fouryears were supposed to fly to their home in Denver onTuesday t

16、o resume job searches.Michael Hecht said upon returning to the UnitedStates the couple had spent a short time in Georgia,then went to Texas for a few weeks to visit Joshsfamily.He said they were working to find jobs inDenver,where the couple was married and had settled.Her poor husband is just devas

17、tated,said MichaelHecht.Josh Bearden told CNN,She left on her own freewill.That is what she did.That is absolutely true,but what happened after she left the house on her ownfree will I dont know.Garden Ridge police have sent out a Missing PersonAlert.Garden police said a formal search in themunity w

18、ill occur on Saturday.1.After Leanne Bearden was lost.第 7 页 共 1 7 页A.t h e p o l i c e g o t s o me i n f o r ma t i o n f r o m t h e p u b l i cB.t h e h u s b a n d t u r n e d t o t h e p o l i c e f o r h e l pt i me l yC.t h e p o l i c e s e n t h e l i c o p t e r s t o s e a r c h f o r h e

19、 rD.t h e h u s b a n d a s k e d h i s b r o t h e r t o h u n t f o r h e r2.A c c o r d i n g t o t h e t h i r d a n d f o u r t h p a r a g r a p h s w ec a n k n o w t h a tA.t h e c o u p l e p r e f e r s n o t h i n g t o t r a ve l l i n gB.t h e c o u p l e d e c i d e d t o s e t t l e i

20、 n T e x a sC.t h e c o u p l e h a ve g o t j o b s i n D e n ve rD.t h e c o u p l e h a ve b e e n ma r r i e d f o r 4 y e a r s3.W h i c h c a n t a k e t h e p l a c e o f t h e u n d e r l i n e dd e va s t a t e dA.A s t o n i s h e d.B.D i s a p p o i n t e d.C.C r u s h e d.D.A b a n d o n

21、 e d.4.W h a t d o e s J o s h t h i n k o f h i s w i f e s mi s s i n gA.H i s w i f e w a s l o s t o n l y b y a c c i d e n t.B.H i s w i f e l e f t h o me vo l u n t a r i l y.C.H i s w i f e w a s t i r e d o f t h e l i f e i n T e x a s.D.H i s w i f e h a s g o n e t o D e n ve r f o r j

22、o b s.答案:第 8 页 共 1 7 页1.B解析：细节推断题。依据文章第一、二段可知，L e a n n e B e a r d e n 走失后不久，她的家人就开始寻找，第三段的警方加入表明他的丈夫给警方报告了妻子失踪的事件。故选B项。2 .D解析：细节理解题。依据文章第三段的S h e a n dh e r h u s b a n d o f f o u r y e a r s w e r e s u p p o s e d t o 可知，这对夫妇结婚四年了。故选D项。3 .C 解析：词义猜测题。文中的M i c h a e l H e c h t 在描述妹夫当时的情况，因为妻子走失，

23、丈夫心中一定是非常着急，几天寻找无果的状态一定令他感到心情崩溃。故选C项。4 .B解析：细节理解题。依据文章倒数第二段的S h el e f t o n h e r o w n f r e e w i l l.T h a t i s w h a t s h e d i d.可知，妻子是自愿离开这里的。故选B项。BW A S H I N G T O N-W h a t w i l l t h e c i t i e s o f t h e f u t u r e l o o kl i k e T h a t w a s t h e c h a l l e n g e a d d r e s s

24、e d b y 4 0,0 0 0 mi d d l es c h o o l s t u d e n t s f r o m 1,3 5 0 s c h o o l s a c r o s s t h e U.S.i na n a n n u a l p e t i t i o n t o d e s i g n t h e u r b a n l a n d s c a p e o ft o mo r r o w.T h i r t y s e ve n t e a ms ma d e t h e f i n a l s a n dt r a ve l e d t o W a s h i

25、n g t o n,D.C.,t o d e f e n d t h e i r i d e a sb e f o r e t h e j u d g e s a t t h e F u t u r e C i t y p e t i t i o n.第 9 页 共 1 7 页The annual contest aims to direct young peopletoward careers in science and technology.The studentsbuilt tabletop scale models of their designs usingrecycled mat

26、erials,costing no more than$100.Theteams also had to write essays about their solutions,explain their ideas to the crowd and answer thequestions asked by a sixmember expert group.Urban transportationThis years theme was urban transportation-anincreasingly important issue for the worlds cities.Eighth

27、graders from the southern state of Georgia-David Straub,Katherine Barri and Rebecca North-imagined their city far into the future.Straub saidthey predicted that public transport would beeffortless and ecofriendly.Young teens peteLeila Mezza,Oha Hassan and Mousa Seid fromHouston,Texas,imagined a city

28、 in Brazil in 2084,with transport relying on electric cars.The Future City petition,now in its 22nd year,ismainly focused on young teens.Because at that age in第 1 0 页 共 1 7 页t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s,t h e y h a ve t o e l e c t t h e ma t h c o u r s e s,t h e a d va n c e d ma t h c o u r s e

29、s.I f t h e y a r e n t a t t h a t a g e,t h e y w i l l n e ve r b e a n e n g i n e e r.T h e g r a n d p r i z e o f$7,5 0 0 w e n t t o S t.J o h nL u t h e r a n S c h o o l i n M i c h i g a n.T h e t e a m me mb e r s w o n at r i p t o U.S.S p a c e C.E ve n i f t h e y d i d n t w i n,t h

30、e e x p e r i e n c e o f w o r k i n go n a n e n g i n e e r i n g p r o j e c t h a s e n c o u r a g e d ma n y o f t h ek i d s t o t h i n k a b o u t a c a r e e r i n s c i e n c e a n d t e c h n o l o g y.O n e o f t h e m i s E r i c S w y l e r f r o m N e w M e x i c o,w h o s a i d,I p

31、 l a n t o b e e a s c i e n t i s t o f s o me k i n d,b u t I m n o ts u r e e x a c t l y w h a t k i n d.5.H o w ma n y t e a ms t o o k p a r t i n t h e f i n a l p e t i t i o nA.1,3 5 0.B.4 0,0 0 0.C.3 7.D.6.6.W h a t s t h e p u r p o s e o f h o l d i n g t h e a n n u a l c o n t e s tA.T

32、 o l e a d t e e n s t o c a r e e r s i n s c i e n c e a n dt e c h n o l o g y.B.T o c h o o s e t h e e x c e l l e n t t e e n a g e r s t o w o r k i ns c i e n c e.第 1 1 页 共 1 7 页C.T o f i n d t h e b e t t e r d e s i g n s o f b u i l d i n g f u t u r ec i t i e s.D.T o f i n d o u t w h a

33、 t t h e c i t i e s o f t h e f u t u r e l o o kl i k e.7.W h i c h t e a m w o n t h e g r a n d p r i z e o f t h e F u t u r eC i t y p e t i t i o nA.A s c h o o l t e a m f r o m N e w M e x i c o.B.A t e a m f r o m H o u s t o n,T e x a s.C.A t e a m f r o m t h e s o u t h e r n s t a t e

34、o f G e o r g i a.D.S t.J o h n L u t h e r a n S c h o o l i n M i c h i g a n.8.W h a t c a n b e i nf e rre d f ro m th e p a ssa g eA.T h e m a th c o urse s a re ve ry i m p o rta nt to b e a ne ng i ne e r.B.T h e w i nne rs o f th e g ra nd p ri z e w o n a tri p toB ri ti sh S p a c e C.C.T

35、h e stud e nts a t th e F uture C i ty p e ti ti o n w e rea l l f ro m N e w Y o rk.D.P ub l i c tra nsp o rt i s b e i ng e f f o rtl e ss a nde c o f ri e nd l y no w.答案：第 1 2 页 共 1 7 页本文是一篇说明文。介绍了学校的学生们所设计的未来的城市。5.C解析：细节理解题。根据第一段T h i rtyse ve n te a m s,m a d e th e f i na l s a nd tra ve l e d

36、 to W a sh i ng to n,D.C.,tod e f e nd th e i r i d e a s b e f o re th e j ud g e s a t th e F utureC i ty p e ti ti o n.可知,答案为C项。6.A 解析：目的意图题。根据第二段的首句T h e a nnua lc o nte st a i m s to d i re c t yo ung p e o p l e to w a rd c a re e rs i nsc i e nc e a nd te c h no l o g y.可知,举办每年比赛的目的就是指导青少年通向科

37、学和技术上的事业。故选A 项。7.D解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的T h e g ra ndp ri z e o f$7,5 0 0 w e nt to S t.J o h n Luth e ra n S c h o o l i nM i c h i g a n.可知，该题选D项。8.A 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的B e c a usea t th a t a g e i n th e U ni te d S ta te s,th e y h a ve to e l e c tth e m a th c o urse s.th e y w i l l ne ve r b e a

38、 n e ng i ne e r.可知，数学对于想成为一个工程师来说是非常重要的。故 A 项正确。I I I.七选五F i sh第1 3页 共1 7页Fish e in all kinds of shapes,sizes and colors.They first appeared in the oceans of the earth about500 million years ago.Today there are tens ofthousands of different kinds of fish and new speciesare discovered every year.Whe

39、re fish live_1_ They preferably live in areas where warm andcold currents（水流）meet.And about 40%of fishspecies are in fresh water.Some of them live in theclear water of rivers while others prefer muddy pondwater.A few types of fish can swim in both salt andfresh water.SensesFish have organs that tell

40、 them what is happeningin the water around them.They can see left and rightat the same time.They not only can hear sounds in thewater but can also sense sounds that happen on thesurface._ _2 Bodies of fishFish have no neck.The head and the body are bined.Most fish are shaped like cigars so that they

41、 can第 1 4 页 共 1 7 页travel very quickly.Fish are cold-blooded.3 Theskin of most fish is made out of a special slipperysubstance（物质）.Fish breathe oxygen from the waterthey live in._4_Fish were among the first animals hunted byprimitive（原始的）human beings.Millions of people allover the world depend on fi

42、sh as a main form ofnutrition.In many coastal countries,such as Japan orNorway,people depend on fishing to make a living.5 They eat other sea animals and are eaten byother sea creatures,thus keeping up the balance ofnature.A.Dangers to fishB.The importance of fishC.Fish are a part of the food chain.

43、D.Most of the worlds fish live in salt water.E.Their body temperature changes with theirsurroundings.F.Fish are also endangered by pollution of theworlds oceans.第 1 5 页 共 1 7 页G.F i sh c a n a l so f e e l w a te r m o ve m e nts,th usf e e l i ng th e d a ng e rs th a t a p p ro a c h th e m.1.2.3.

44、4.5.答案：l.D 2.G 3.E 4.B 5.CW.语法填空O n T h ursd a y M rs.C l a rk e l o c k e d th e d o o r a nd w e ntto th e w o m e ns c l ub a s usua l.W h e n sh e c a m e h o m e sh e se nse d _1 _ unusua l.H a da nyo ne g o t i n T h e b a c k d o o r a nd th e w i nd o w s w e re a l ll o c k e d a nd th e re

45、 w a s _2 _ si g n o f f o rc e d e ntry.H a da nyth i ng b e e n ta k e n S h e w e nt f ro m ro o m to ro o mc h e c k i ng a nd _3 (f i nd)h e r sp a re c a m e ra m i ssi ng.T h e f o l l o w i ng T h ursd a y sh e w e nt o ut a t h e r usua lti m e,b ut sh e j ust to o k a sh o rt w a l k i n a

46、 p a rk ne a rb y,c a m e h o m e th ro ug h th e b a c k d o o r a nd se ttl e d d o w n tow a i t a nd se e w h a t _ _ 4 _(h a p p e n).I t w a s 4 o c l o c k _5 _ th e f ro nt d o o rb e l l ra ng.M rs.C l a rk e w a s m a k i ng te a a t th e ti m e.T h e b e l l ra ng a g a i n,a nd th e n sh

47、 e h e a rd h e r l e tte r b o x _6 _(p ush)o p e n.P i c k i ng up th e k e ttl e o f b o i l i ng w a te r,sh e m o ve dq ui e tl y to w a rd s th e d o o r.A p i e c e o f _7 _ a p p e a re d第 1 6 页 共 1 7 页th ro ug h th e l e tte r b o x,a nd th e n a h a nd.8 w i returne d a nd c a ug h t a ro

48、und th e k no b (旋钮)o n th e d o o rl o c k.M rs.C l a rk e ra i se d th e k e ttl e a nd p o ure d th e h o tw a te r _9 _ th e h a nd.A sh a rp c ry w a s h e a rd o utsi d e a sth e w i re f e l l to th e f l o o r a nd th e h a nd w a s _1 0(i nsta nt)p ul l e d b a c k,w h i c h w a s f o l l o w e d b y th e so undo f runni ng f e e t.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.1 0.答案：1.so m e th i ng 2.no 3.f o und 4.w o ul d h a p p e n5.w h e n 6.b e i ng p ush e d 7.w i re 8.T h e9.o ve r/o n 1 0.i nsta ntl y第 1 7 页 共 1 7 页