2023年高中英语语法知识主语从句运用分析.pdf

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1、2023年高中英语语法知识:主语从句运用分析主语从句的定义和引导词主语从句的定义：主语从句是指在复合句中充当主语的句子，它是名词的拓展，属于主语的第三个表达层次。所以，主语从句和名词一样通常是出现在谓语动词的前面。例句 1 ：W h e t h e r h e w i ll p a s s t h e e xa mi na t i o n i s s t i llu nk no w n.他是否能够通过考试仍然不知道。例句 2：W h a t h e s a i d i ns p i r e d me a lo t.他说的话让我受到了很大的鼓舞。主语从句的引导词：主语从句的引导词与宾语从句，表语

2、从句和同位语从句的引导词几 乎 相 同（表语从句有几个特殊引导词除外）t h a t引导主语从句例 句 1 :T h a t yo u t h i s w h o lly e xp e r i me nt a l i s k no w n t o u s allo众 所 周 知，青 春 就 是 探 索 的 岁 月。例 句2：T h a t s h e f i ni s h e d r e a d i ng a n E ng li s h no v e l s u r p r i s e du s a ll.她读完了一部全英文小说让我们大吃一惊。Whether引导主语从句例 句 1 :Wheth

3、er she will come to the party makes no difference.她来不来参加聚会都没有关系。例 句 2：It makes no difference whether/if she will come tothe party.她来不来参加聚会都没有关系。Who,what,which 引导主语从句例句 1 :Who will be the leader of the team has not beendecided yet.谁会成为这个队的领头人还没定下来。例 句 2：What the kids need is a peaceful growing enviro

4、nment.孩子们需要的是一个和平的生长环境。例句 3：Which you choose has nothing to do with me.你选择哪一个跟我没有任何关系。whose,what,which引导主语从句例句 1 ：Whose face will flush is the liar.谁的脸红了谁就是骗子。例 句 2：What goal you set now determines what your will gain in the future.你现在设立什么目标决定了你将来会有什么收获。例句3：Which bus we should take is the first prob

5、lem wehave to solve now.我们应该乘坐那辆车是我们现在首先要解决的问题。when,where,how,why引导主语从句例句 1 ：Why Tony did this remained a mystery.为什么托尼做这件事仍然是个谜。例 句 2：When we will have our winter holidays is still uncertain.我们什么时候放寒假还不确定。例 句 3：How the accident happened is not clear to anyone.这场事故是怎么发生的，谁都不清楚。例 句 4：Where we shall h

6、ave our party is not your business我们应该在哪开派对跟你没有关系。Wh-ever连接词引导主语从句例句1Whoever has a strong will is likely to become successful.凡是有坚强意志的人都有可能成功。例 句 2：Whatever is worth doing at al 1 is wroth doing well凡是值得做的事情就值得做好。例句3：who sever book is overdue will be f ined.主语从句的引导词范围主语从句是一个重要的语法点，主语从句是中学阶段的重点语法项目，也

7、是高考的热点之一。1.that和what的选用that和what都可引导主语从句。what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当某些成分，可作从句的主语、宾语或表语。而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，无词义，只起连接词作用。如：What he wants is a book.他想要的是一本书。That light travels in straight lines is known to all.众所周知，光线沿直线运行。2.用连接代词和连接副引导的主语从句常用连接代词who,that,which,what和连接副词when,where,how,whether,why,等弓I 导。What

8、 I want to drink is coffee.我想喝的是咖啡。When they will come hasnt been made public.他们来的时间没有公布。3.whoever,whatever,whichever 等引导的主语从句Whoever comes will be welcome.无论谁来都欢迎。Whatever you say will interest us all.不管你说什么都令我们感兴趣。Whenever you come is OK.你无论何时来都行。和 whether的选用引导主语从句，不能用if,只能用whether。如：Whether we wi

9、ll hold a party in the open air tomorrowdepends on the weather.我们明天是否在户外开晚会要看天气而定。It引导的主语从句的固定结构主语从句常见的固定结构有四钟：It be+名词+从句It be+形容词+从句It be+动词过去式+从句It+不及物动词+从句常见固定搭配：It is said that.据说.It is reported that.据报导.It is well known that.众所周知.It is announced that.据宣布.It is believed that.人们相信.It is thought

10、that.人们认为.It is understood that.自 不待言.It must be pointed out that.必须指出，It must be admitted that.必须承认.It turned out that.结果是.It has been proved that.被证实是.It must be proved that 必须指出.It happened/occurred that.碰巧.It is well-known that.有名.It is a fact that 事实是.It is an honor that非常荣幸It is common knowled

11、ge that 是常识It is natural that 很自然.It is strange that 奇怪的是.It seems that 似乎.It is necessary that 有必要It is clear that 很清楚.It is likely that 很可能.It is important that 重要的是It seems that 好像是.It follows that 由此可见.主语从句中需要注意的五点1.主语从句如果表达的是一个事实，一般由that引导。that在从句中无词义，不充当句子成分，仅起引导作用。如：That she was chosen made u

12、s very happy.她被选上了，我们很高兴。That the earth goes round the sun is known tous all.2.由whether引导的主语从句，表 示“是否”之意，注意不能用if。Whether she will come or not is still a questi他能否来还是个问题。It is doubtful whether he will be able to come她能否来令人怀疑。3.由疑问词引导的主语从句，从句中要用陈述语序。如：What should be done has been done.应该做的事情都做了。What w

13、e need is more time.我们所需要的是更多的时间。When we shall have our sports meet is still aquestion.=It is still a question when we shall have our sports meet.什么时候开运动会还是个问题。What he did is not yet known.=It is not yet known what he did.他干了什么还不清楚。4.whatever,whoever,whichever 等引导的主语从句。（注意不能转化成it作形式主语的句型）。如：Whatever

14、 was said here must be kept secret.这儿无论说的什么事都必须保密。Whoever breaks the law will be punished.无论谁犯了法都要受到惩罚。Whichever you choose is fine with me.无论你选哪个我都无所谓。5.常见句型1）由“It is+adj.+that”构成的主语从句。It is certain that we shall be late.我们肯定要迟到了。It s strange that he didn t come yesterday.真奇怪他昨天没来。2）由“It is+n.+that

15、”构成的主语从句。It is a pity that you didn t see the film yesterday.It is a wonder that he refused such a good offer.3）由“It is+过去分词+that”构成的主语从句。It is reported that the sports meet has been put off.据报道运动会推迟了。It has not been decided that when and where wewill hold the meeting.什么时候，在哪里开会还没有决定。4）由“It+不及物动词+that”构成的主语从句。It turns out that he has never been there.原来他根本没去过那儿。It occurred to her that she might as well talki t o v e r w i th h i m.她想起不妨去和和他谈谈这件事。