高三英语单项选择考点精讲精练-名词性从句.pdf

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1、高三英语第二轮复习考点精讲精炼第 10讲 单项选择名词性从句名词性从句中连接词的正确选用that,wh-引导的名词性从句及某些特殊词后所跟的宾；Ak句名词性从句中，从句部分要用陈述语序，不能用疑问语序th a t引导同位语从句与定语从句的区别whether和 if在名词性从句中的用法区别经典易错题会诊名词性从句中连接词的正确选用1.（典型例题精选）Mary wrote an article on the team had failedto win the game.A.why B.what C.who D.that 考场错解 B 或 D 专家把脉 许多考生都误以为what在本题中充当faile

2、d的宾语，或认为空格后不缺成分，故选B 或 D。实际上就本题而言，不难看出句意为“玛丽写了一篇关于队伍为何在比赛中失败的文章”，所以应该选用强调原因的why。对症下药 A2.（典型例题精选）Damby left word with my secretary hewould call again in the afternoon.A.who B.that C.as D.which 考场错解 A 专家把脉 本题考查同位语从句，that只起引导词的作用，不充当任何句子成分。对症下药 B3.（典 型 例 题 精 选）The shopkeeper did not want to sell forhe t

3、hought was not enough.A.where B.how C.what D.which 考场错解 D 专家把脉 介词for后的从句中he thought为插入语，若将其略去，从句中缺少主语。若用which则须有一定范围。对症下药 C4.（典型例题精选一 Could you do me a favour?It depends onit is.A.which B.whichever C.what D.whatever 考场错解 D 专家把脉 what引导的从句做介词on的宾语,what在从句中作is 的表语。对症下药 C5.（典型例题精选 Please remind me he sa

4、id he was going.I maybe in time to see him off.A.where B.whenC.how D.what 考场错解 D 专家把脉 本题考查when引导的宾语从句。句意为：“请提醒我他说他要离开的时间，我可能去送他。”对症下药 B6.（典型例题精选 There is much chance Bill will recover from hisinjury in time for the race.A.thatC.untilB.whichD.if 考场错解 D 专家把脉 本题考查that引导的同位语从句。that在从句中不做成分。对症下药 A专家会诊1.t

5、hat引导名词性从句时，在从句中无意义，不作成分，只起到连接作用，在宾语从句中可省略。He told me(that)he would leave soon.2.what与 that在名词性从句中的区别。mght：What he said was true.这是一个主语从句，what在从句中作动词said的宾语，意思是是话”或“事”，此句中不能用thatoThat he came late made the teacher angry.这个句子还是主语从句。从句中意思完整，所以用that来引导，起到一个标志作用。考场思维训练1 I try to understand prevents them

6、 from being as happy as onemight expect although they are so rich.A.that B.what C.it D.whether1.B 解析：what引导宾语从句。2 The dealer told me how much he was prepared to pay for my car andI could have the money without delay.A.what B.that C.!D.whether32.B 解析：that只起连接词作用，本身无意义。3 I have found out.they w川 ask t

7、o lead the victory march onSaturday.A.when B.where C.whom D.what3.c 解析：whom引导一个宾语从句，在宾语从句中又作ask的宾语。that.W h 引导的名词性从句及幕些特殊词后所跟的宾语从句1.(典型例题精选)As soon as he comes back,I w川 tell him when and seeA.you will comeC.you comeB.w川 you comeD.do you come 考场错解 B 专家把脉 本题是when引导的一个宾语从句，在名词性从句中，其从句部分一律用陈述语序，故应该用you

8、 w川come。对症下药 A2.（典型例题精选）The old ladys hand shook frequently,sheexplained toher doctor this shaking had begunhalf a year before,and,onlybecause of this,she had been forced to give up her job.A.when;how B.how;whenC.how;howD.why;why 考场错解 B 专家把脉 本题考查的是动词explain后引导的宾语从句的引导词选用。第一空用how较易，但第二空很多考生填w hen,其实在

9、前一分句中已有时间状语，故此处用when明显不对，仍然用how引导，即“她是如何被迫放弃工作的”。对症下药 C3.（典型例题精选）Great changes have taken place in that school.It is nolonger it was 20 years a g o,p o o r ly equipped.A.what;when B.that;whichC.what;which D.which;that 考场错解 C 专家把脉 本题考查表语从句。第一空为what引导的表语从句且what在从句中作表语。第二空when后跟过去分词作定语。对症下药 A4.（典型例题精选

10、What we used to think impossible now doesseem possible.A.is B.was C.has been D.will be 考场错解 A 专家把脉 本题考查what引导的主语从句中动词时态的选择。now为主句中的时间状语，从句中含有used to 可知答案为B。对症下药 B5.（典型例题精选 team wins on Saturday w川 go through to thenational championships.A.No matter what B.No matter whichC.Whatever D.Whichever 考场错解 C

11、 专家把脉 本题考查主语从句 whatever引导主语从句时做从句中的某一成分，而本题中whichever修饰从句中的主语te a m,可知答案为D。对症下药 D6.（典型例题精选）See the flags on top of the building?That waswe did this morning.A.when B.which C.where D.what 考场错解 C 或 B 专家把脉 本题考查表语从句。when,where在从句中做状语，而本题从句中缺少宾语，可知答案为D.对症下药 D7.（典型例题精选 Its thirty years since we last met.Bu

12、t I still remember the story,believe it or not,we got lost on a rainynight.A.which B.that C.what D.when 考场错解 D 专家把脉 本题考查同位语从句，believe it or not为插入成分，如选when则与从句中on a rainy night重复，可知答案为B。对症下药 B专家会诊1.that引导的宾语从句中，that通常可以省略。He has told me(that)he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。注意：在 demand,

13、order,suggest,decide等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，that从句常用“(should)+动词原形”的结构。2.形容词后所跟的宾语从句某些动态形容词(afraid,confident,aware,cer-tain,sure,doubtful等)在句中做表语时，后面可跟宾语从句。例句：I am confident that I Can get the jo b.我有信心我可以得到这份工作。考场思维训练1 We can*t figure o u t quite a number of insects,birds,andanimals are dying out.A.t

14、hat B.as C.why D.when1.C 解析：考查宾语从句，figure out意为“计算出”。动词和宾语从句之间明显要一个表示原因的关系副词why。2 A modern city has been set up in was a waste land ten yearsago.A.what B.which C.that D.where2.A 解析：what此时作介词set up in 的宾语并在宾语从句中充当主语。3 Mr.Smith suggested that all of the students their exercisebooks.A.handed in B.shoul

15、d hand inC.handing in D.that hand in3.B 解析：尽管动词suggest用了过去式，但 suggest后若跟宾语从句，则从句部分应用should d o 结构。4 After five hours drive,they reached theythought was the placetheyd been dreaming of.A.that B.where C.which D.what4.D 解析：reach后缺少宾语，所以后面接的是宾语从句。在宾语从句中又缺少主语。5 It is certain little Tom can work out such

16、a difficult problem.A.whether B.that C.if D.when5.B 解析:某些特殊形容词，如 sure,certain,doubtful等后可用that来引导宾语从句。探究开放题解答综合问题1名词性从句中，从句部分要用陈述语序.不能用疑问语序1.(经典题)These photographs will show you.A.what our v川 age looks likeB.what does our village look likeC.how our v川 age look likeD.how does our village look like 解题

17、思路 本题中空格部分明显作动词show的宾语，由于look like是及物动词短语，本句中缺少宾语，故应选用能充当宾语的w h a t,排 除 C、D 答案。在 A、B 答案中，由于what引导的从句作宾语，即是一个宾语从句，所以应该用陈述语序，B 项显然是疑问语序。解答 A综合问题2t hat引导同位语从句与定语从句的区别1.The news our team won the match was true.A.if B.that C.whether D.why 解题思路 在本句中，that在从句中不作成分,删去后为，rhe news was tme,意思完整，因此是个同位语从句。判断是定语从

18、句还是同位语从句，关键看th a t从句部分有无意义，是否作句子成分。解答 B2.（典型例题精选 warm thought suddenly came to me I might usethe pocket money to buy some flowers for my mothers birthday.A.if B.when C.that D.which 解题思路 在本句中that在从句中不做任何成分，引导同位语从句。解答 C综合问题3whether和 if在名词性从句中的用法区别1.we 11 go camping next week depends on the weather.A.f

19、f B.Whether C.That D.Where 解题思路 尽管whether和 if都作“如果.是否”理解，但 if不能引导主语从句,同位语从句和表语从句，而 whether却可以引导。解答 B规律总结whether和 if 在名词性从句中的区别。下列情况只用whetllef不 用 注 1.引导主语从句时。2.引导表语从句时。3.引导同位语从句时。4.作介词宾语时。5.其后紧跟or not时。6.其后跟不定式时。考场思维训练1.Can you tell me?A.who is that womanB.who the woman isC.whom is the womanD.that wo

20、man is1.B 解析：who引导宾语从句，应用陈述语序。2.Father made a promise I passed the examina tion he wouldbuy me a new dictionary.A.that B.if C.whether D.that if2.D 解析：that引导同位语从句，同位语从句中还包含一个.f 引导的条件状语从句。3.There is some doubt she will be able to repay the money ontime.A.that B.if C.what D.whether3.D 解析：doubt意为“怀疑”，其后

21、的从句只能用whether而不能用if 引导。若前面有否定词，则用that引导。考点高分解题综合训练I.单项选择1（典型例题精选）Doris success lies in the fact she iscooperative and eager to learn from others.A.which B.that C.when D.why1.B 解析：本题考查同位语从句。which不引导同位语从句，when和 why分别表示时间和原因。2（典型例题精选）These shoes look very good.I wonder.A.how much cost they areB.how muc

22、h do they costC.how much they costD.how much are they cost2.c 解析：宾语从句中应用陈述语序。3（典型例题精选 makes this shop different is that it offers morepersonal services.A.What B.Who C.Whatever D.Whoever3.A 解析：本题考查主语从句，what做从句中的主语。4（典型例题精选 With his work completed,the businessman stepped backto his seat,feeling please

23、d be was a man of action.A.which B.that C.what D.whether4.B 解析：本题考查形容词后所跟的从句，that在从句中不作任何成分。5 I shall never forget 9 a.m.on Oct,12,典型例题精选 e most exciting moment,Shen Zhou VI was launched,is always making me think o f I can domore for my homeland.A.that;which;which B.which;that;thatC.when;as;what D.w

24、hen;which;how5.D 解析：when引导的是同位语从句；which引导的是非限制性定语从句；how作 do的状语，引导宾语从句。6 Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object andit is rough or smooth.A./B.whether C.how D.what6.B 解析：whether引导宾语从句作tell的宾语。7 The poor young man is ready to accept help he can get.A.whichever B.however C.whatever

25、D.whenever7.C 解析：accept后跟宾语从句。题干中没有给出选择范围，所以用whatever而不用 whichevero8 I was surmised by her words,which made me recognize sillymistakes I had made.A.what B.that C.how D.which8.A 解析：recognize后的宾语从句中用what修饰m istakes,故选A。9 Mary wrote an article on the team had failed to win thegame.A.why B.what C.who D.

26、which9.A 解析：介词o n 后为宾语从句，从句中结构完整，应用连接副词w h y,故选A。10 The way he did it was different we were used to.A.in which B.in what C.from what D.from which10.C 解析：本题考查宾语从句。be different from为习惯搭配，所以本题选择from what。what作为from的介词宾语从句的连接词使用，同时在从句中充当to 的宾语。11 The teacher demanded that our examination paperhanded in

27、at once.A.be B.must be C.would be D.had to be11.A 解析：某些动词,如demand,suggest,order等后接that从句时用should do结构，should可以省略。12 We all agree with him on he said.A.what B.that C.why D.how12.A 解析：置于介词后的宾语从句一般不用that引导。本句充当said的宾语，故用whato13 We must do well the party assigns us to do.A.that B.what C.which D.those13.

28、B 解析：充当d o 的宾语，作句子成分，此时不能用that。14 I w川 give this dictionary to wants to have it.A.whomeverB,whoever C.whatever D.wherever14.B 解析：空缺处既作t。的宾语，同时又作后一分句的主语，此时只能用whoever。若用whomever,则从句缺少主语。15 I*m sorry your mother is ill.A.whom B.if C.that D.how15.c 解析：主语+be+形容词+that.结构。16 We think it important we should

29、 keep the bal ance ofnature.A.whether B.what C.that D.which16.B 解析：that引导宾语从句后置，it 为形式宾语。17 I hope happy while you are here.A.you to be B.for your beingC.you will be D.you being17.C 解析：希望某人做某事，不可用hope sb.to do sth.hope后不接动名词结构，但可接宾语从句。18 We all know the news he told her.A.to which B.!C.what D.at tha

30、t18.B 解析：定语从句。19 Word has come some American guests w川 come for a visit to ourcollege next week.A.what B.that C.whether D.when19.B 解析：同位语从句，that不充当成分。20 Things were not they seemed to be.A.what B.because C.that D.where20.A 解析：what引导表语从句。21 When a pencil is partly in a glass of water,it looks as if i

31、tA.breaks B.has brokenC.were broken D.had been broken21.C 解析：在 a s if引导的表语从句中，谓语动词有时可用虚拟语气，如本题中“铅笔似乎断了”实际上未断。22 The reason I plan to go is if I don11.A.because she will be disappointedB.that she w川 be disappointedC.because she will be disappointedD.on account of she will have a disappointed22.B 解析：t

32、hat引导表语从句。23 the old mans sons wanted to know was the goldhad been hidden.A.That;what B.W hat;whereC.What;that D.What;if23.B 解析：what引导主语从句，where引导表语从句。24 What a pity is you didnt arrive by daylight.A.there;because B.it;thatC.he;when D.that;for24.B 解析：it 充当形式主语，此句结构可还原成：It is a pity that.o25 we cant

33、get seems better than we have.A.What;what B.What;thatC.That;that D.That;what25.A 解析：前一个what引导主语从句，且作get的宾语，后一个what作 have的宾语。26 Its not yet clear of those will be chosen to do the job.A.that B.whom C.which D.whose26.c 解析：which表选择关系，引导主语从句，it为形式主语。27 It is probable he told her everything.A.who B.which

34、 C.why D.that27.D 解析：It is/was+形容词+that结构。28 It doesnt matter I rest or not.A.if B.whether C.that D.when28.B 解析：引导主语从句时不能用忆29 is still a secret when the president will make a public speech.A.That B.He C.What D.It29.D 解析：it做形式主语。30 breaks the law should be punished.A.No matter who B.WhoeverC.AII D.Wh

35、o30.B 解析：whoever引导主语从句，no matter who虽语意相同，但不能引导主语从句。II.完形填空阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从3150各题所给的四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。One afternoon I was sitting at my favorite table in a res-taurant,waiting for the food Ihad ordered to arrive.Suddenly I 31 that a man sitting at a table near the windowkept glancing in my directi

36、on,32 he knew me.The man had a newspaper 33 infront of him,which he was 34 to read,but I could 35 that he was keeping an eyeon me.When the waiter brought my 36 the man was clearly puz-zled（困 惑）by the37 way in which the waiter and I 38 each other.He seened even more puzzled as39 went on and it became

37、 40 that all the waiters in the res-taurant knew me.Finallyhe got.Up and went into the 41.When he came out,he paid his bill and 42 withoutanother glance in my direction.I called the owner of the restaurant and asked what the man had 43.W ell,nhesaid,that man ws a detective（侦探）.He 44 you here because

38、 he thought you werethe man he 45 what?”I said,showing my 46 The owner continued,n Hecame into the kitchen and showed me a photo of the wanted man,I 47 say helooked very much like you!Of course,since we know you,we told him that he had made a48_ Well,its really 49 I came to a restaurant where Im kno

39、wn,*I said.50 Imight have been in trouble.M31.A.knew32.A.since33.A.flat34.A.hoping35.A.see36.A.menu37.A.dircetB.understood C.noticed D.recognizedB.ever if C.though D.as ifB.open C.cut D.fixedB.thinking C.pretending D.continuing3B.find C.guess D.learnB.bill C.paper D.food38.A.chatted withB.familiar C

40、.strange D.funnyB.looked at C.laughed at D.talked about39.A.the waiter B.time C.I D.the dinner40.A.true B.hopeful C.clear D.possible41.A.restaurant B.washroom C.office D.kitchen45.A.was to beat B.was dealing with C.was to meet D.was42.A.left43.A.wanted44.A.metB.acted C.sat down D.calmed downB.tried

41、C.ordered D.wishedB.caught C.followed D.discovered48.A.dieovery B.mistake C.decision D.fortunelooking for46.A.care47.A.mustB.surprise C.worry D.regretB.can C.need D.may31.c 解析：“注意至一个人在我身边，其他三项均不合句意。、32.D 解析：“好像”认识我。33.B 解析：那个人打开一张报纸放在前面，其他三项均没有“打开”之意。49.A.a pity50.A.ThusB.natural C.a chance D.luckyB

42、.However C.Otherwise D.Therefore34.C 解析：“假装”看报。35.A 解析：表示看到的结果用s e e,不用find。36.D 解析：用餐时拿来的当然是食物。T37.B 解析：familiar意为“相同的，相似的”。38.A 解 析:chatted with意为“闲聊”,符合语境。39.B 解析：As time went o n 为固定用法，意为“随着时间推移”。40.c 解析：clear意为“明显”，此处只有clear符合语境。41.D 解析：下文有提示。42.A 解析：付钱后离开了。43.A 解析：细节理解题。44.c 解析：follow此处意为“尾随工4

43、5.D 解析：“我”就是该侦探要找的那个人。46.B 解析：细节推理题。47.A 解析：细节理解题。48.B 解 析:make a mistake意为“犯了错误49.D 解析：我因到了这家餐馆而倍感“幸运”。50.C 解析：otherwise意为“否则，不然，符合语境。m.短文改错此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行作出判断：如无错误，在该行右边横线上画一个勾N）；如有错误（每行只有一个错误），则按下列情况改正：此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（八），在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。此行错一个词：在

44、错的词下画横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。注意：原行没有错的不要改。Dear friends,It is real a good chance to have met all of you here.51.We have spent several precious weekend in learning in the52.English Club,although we have been members for a short53.period of time,we have made a great progress,that is54.because we are all ver

45、y much active and the activities are not55.only enjoyable and also helpful.Besides,the foreign teachers56.here work hard and try his best to make the activities57.lively and interested.I am very pleased to say that all of58.us greatly improved our spoken English so far.I am59.looking forward to see

46、all of you again in the near future!60.Thank you.51.real 改为 really 52.weekend 改为 weekends53.正确 5 4.去掉 a 5 5.去掉much56.and 改为 but57.his 改为 their 58.interested 改为 interesting59.us 后 力 口 上have60.see 改为 seeing考点小资料名词性从句中的that及其他词的用法1.that引导的主语从句that引导的主语从句既可以放在句首也可以放在句末，在实际应用中常常采用it做形式主语形式。That he passed

47、 the English test is true.lt is true that he passed the Enhlish test.2.形式主语的四个主要句型(1)lt+be+名词+that 从句It is a pity that可惜的是，用于此句型的名词还有fact/shame/honor/question等。(2)lt+be+形容词+that从句It is certain that.很 肯 定，可 用 于 此 句 型 的 形 容 词 还 有clear/better/natural/important/necessaryolt+be+动词的过去分词+that从句It is said t

48、hat.据说，可用于此句型的过去分词还有believed/known/reported等。(4)lt+不及物动词+that从句如：It seems that好像是.似乎.可用于此句型的不及物动词还有happen,appear 等。3.that引导的表语从句基本结构：主语+系动词+that从句例句：The fact is that we have lost the game.4.wh-疑问词引导的表语从句That is why I tell you the new s.那就是我为什么告诉你这个消息的原因。5.从属连词as许，because,just as等引导的表语从句It is because I have ever heard of the story.那是因为我曾经听说过这个故事。6.同位语从句同位语从句通常由that引导,可用于同位语从句的名词有advice,demand,doubt,fact,hope,idea,informa-tion,message,news,order,problem,promise,question,repuest,suggestion,truth,wish,word 等。