2023年高考英语新热点时文阅读.pdf
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1、2023年高考英语新热点时文阅读-科学技术2题型主要内容1阅读理解介绍了你可能不知道的女太空员的四个历史第一的事迹。2阅读理解讲述了深度伪造的关于汤姆克鲁斯的视频获得了许多关注,并进而介绍了关于这项深度伪造技术的看法。3阅读理解介绍了新的材料和设计能让服装更安全、更舒适,也更便利。4阅读理解说明了机器人可以应用清理核废料的工作,介绍了其工作过程以及这一项目其它不同的研究领域。5阅读理解讲述了通过蛋白质组学的新技术来研究人类的发展。01(2023 广东校联考模拟预测)Four Historic Firsts for Women in Space You Might not Know AboutF
2、irst Woman in SpaceSoviet cosmonaut(宇航员)Valentina Tereshkova became the first woman to go to space when she waslaunched with the Vbstok 6 mission on June 16,1963.She was selected from a pool of 400 applicants andfive finalists.She was honorarily inlucted(入伍)into the Soviet Air Force so that she coul
3、d join theCosmonaut Corps.Tereshkova is the only woman ever to have been on a solo space mission.First US Woman in SpaceSally Ride was the first American astronaut to go into orbit on June 18,1983,as a crew member on thespace shuttle Challenger for STS-7.Ride was one of 8,000 people to answer an ad
4、in the Stanford studentnewspaper seeking applicants for NASA.She was chosen to join the space program in 1978.She went onone additional mission and spent a total of 343 hours in space.First Woman to Walk in SpaceThe first woman to walk in space,Svetlana Savitskaya,was also a cosmonaut.She was on her
5、 secondmission when she space-walked as part of the Salyut 7-EP2 on July 17,1984.She was also the first womanto have gone into space twice.First Teacher to go to SpaceChrista McAuliffe was a teacher and a civilian astronaut from Concord,NH who was killed with sixother crew members when the space shu
6、ttle Challenger broke apart 73 seconds after launch on January 28,1986.McAuliffe was selected from more than 11,000 applicants to participate in the NASA Teacher in SpaceProject.She was planning on conducting experiments and teaching two lessons from space.1.When did Valentina Tereshkova go to space
7、?A.In 1963.B.In 1983.C.In 1984.D.In 1986.2.Who was the first woman to have gone into space twice?A.Valentina Tereshkova.B.Sally Ride.C.Svetlana Savitskaya.D.Christa McAuliffe.3.What is special about Christa McAuliffe?A.She was a civilian astronaut.B.She was on a solo space mission.C.She conducted ex
8、periments from space successfully.D.She was selected from 8,000 people to join in the space project.02(2023辽宁建平县实验中学校联考二模)Deepfake Videos of Tom Cruise Raise ConcernA series of deepfake videos of Tom Cruise have gained more than 11 million views on TikTok.Thecreator said he never wanted to trick peo
9、ple.But since he has,hes hoping the sudden influx(涌入)ofattention can help bring greater awareness to the continued evolution of the technology that can createincredibly realistic fake videos of people.“The important thing is,we didnt want to fbol people at any m om ent,Chris Ume,31,the Belgianvisual
10、 effects artist behind the visual deepfake,said in an interview.uIf I can help in creating awareness,oreven work on detection in the future,I would love to.”Ume created the four videos,in which it appeared to show the Hollywood star playing golf,doing amagic coin trick,and falling over while telling
11、 a story.The videos went visual,attracting attention on TikTokand across the Internet.And though most people realized quickly that the videos were fake,even experts were impressed bytheir quality.“My first thought was theyre incredibly well done,said digital image expert HanyFarid,who is aprofessor
12、at the University of California,Berkeley,and specializes in image analysis.They are ftmny,andtheyre clever.But they also offer a warning:Deepfake technology that has emerged in recent years continues to evolveand improve.And while deepfake videos have not yet been effectively used in many misinforma
13、tion(虚假消息)campaigns,the danger is growing.“In the early days,you could see the potential,but it wasnt even close to being there,“Farid said.“Butthis felt to me like it was a real step,like we just took a big step forward in the development of this technology.Synthetic(合成的)digital content,otherwise k
14、nown as a deepfake,can include anything from an imageor video in which one person or object is visually or audibly manipulated(操纵)to say and do something thatis fabricated(伪造).Although Ume used sophisticated visual effects editing,advancements in digital editing throughsmartphone apps such as Reface
15、,Facetune and even Snapchat have made techniques like face swapping(换脸)and image altering easier and could cause serious consequences,experts say.4.What does the creator intend to do according to the text?A.To attract more attention.B.To earn much more money.C.To play a trick on people.D.To show tec
16、hnological progress.5.What does the word underlined in Para.7 refer to?A.The danger is increasing.B.The technology is developing.C.The deepfake videos are spreading widely.D.The deepfake videos are effectively used.6.Whafs the authors attitude toward the deepfake videos?A.Negative.B.Optimistic.7.Wha
17、fs the main idea of the text?A.The deepfake videos are popular.C.The deepfake videos should be stopped.C.Objective.D.Pessimistic.B.The deepfake videos raise concern.D.The deepfake technology is advancing.03(2023广东校联考模拟预测)Our clothes do a lot for us.They keep us warm in the winter or coolwhile were w
18、orking out.They let us dress to impress or comfortably veg out on the couch with the TV on.But some researchers think our clothes could be doing even more.Those scientists and engineers aredreaming up new ways to make clothes safer,more comfortable or just more convenient.Some ideas for new clothes
19、aim to protect people from harm.One new shoe design,for example,featurespop-out spikes(鞋 车 丁)on the sole that grip the ground.This could help people keep their footing on slipperyor uneven ground.A new fabric coating,meanwhile,could absorb and neutralize(中和)some chemicalweapons.That coating is made
20、from a metal-organic framework that breaks down harmful compounds.Itcould offer protection to people in war-tom countries.Not all advanced clothing is designed to save lives.Some could just make clothes more comfortable.One day,for instance,you may not need to layer up to stay warm.Fabric filled wit
21、h nanowires could reflectyour body heat back onto your skin.Electric current humming through those metal threads could providewarmth,too.This maybe especially useful for hikers,soldiers or others working in super cold conditions.Some researchers have dream up wholly new uses for clothing like turnin
22、g wearers into walkingpower outlets.Flexible solar panels sewn into fabric could absorb the sun to recharge phones or other deviceson the go.Another team threaded fabric with magnetized(磁化的)copper and silver to write data into fabrics.Such data-packed fabric could be used as a hands-free key or form
23、 of ID.Many of these ideas have not yet left the laband theyre still pretty far from hitting retail(零售)shelves.But inventors hope these and other innovations could someday let you get more from your clothes.8.What do the underlined words“veg out”in paragraph 1 probably mean?A.Relax.B.Stand out.C.Wor
24、k.D.Dream about.9.Why do the new shoes feature pop-out spikes on the sole?A.To make them comfortable.B.To make them fashionable.C.To prevent people from slipping.D.To turn wearers into walking power outlets.10.What kind of clothes are suitable for hikers?A.Coats filled with nanowires.B.Shoes with po
25、p-out spikes on the sole.C.Clothes with a new fabric coating.D.Clothes made of data-packed fabric.11.What can we infer from the last paragraph?A.Many of these ideas are not realistic.B.Many smart clothes are too expensive to afford.C.People will benefit more from their clothes in future.D.Many comfo
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