2023年北京卷英语高考真题.pdf

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1、2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（北京卷）英 语（考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：120分）考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，4 5分）第一节语法填空（共 10小题；每小题1.5分，共 15分）第一节 语法填空（共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AOn the first day of my first grade,I stood by the door with butterfli

2、es in my stomach.I （voice）mybiggest concern to my mother.How will I make friends?”She handed me advice,Be yourself.For thepast 20 years.I have lived by these words.Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world.Nervously _ 2（face）challenges,I know I will whisper to 3（I）the two simple words“B

3、e yourself .BEarth Day,4（mark）on 22 April,is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness aboutenvironmental protection.First celebrated 5 1970,the Day now includes events in more than 190 countriesand regions（地区）.No matter what you like to do,there is a way to get involved in various 6（activity

4、）onEarth Day.You can plant a tree,make a meal with locally grown vegetables,or save power-the possibilities areendless.CDoes the name of the college you attend really matter?Research on the question 7（suggest）that,formost students,it doesnt.What students do at college seems to matter much more than

5、8 they go.Thestudents benefitting most from college are those 9 are totally engaged（参与）in academic life,taking fulladvantage of the colleges chances and resources（资源）.Students should have a proper attitude towards collegebefore thinking about which college to attend,and its never too early to make n

6、ecessary preparations for a healthyand 10（meaning）college experience.第二节完形填空（共 20小题；每小题1.5分，共 30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Regardless of the weather or the distance,Paul Wilson will make sure low-income students in hisneighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time.A

7、 retired engineer,76-year-old Wilson has been 11 free rides to college students for the past eightyears.Since he first started 12 his car to the young people.Wilson has 13 am astonishing 64,000 miles,and has had countless pleasant and often humorous 14 with the students he transports to and from sch

8、ool.The students who hes 15 have gone on to become physicians,teachers and engineers,but what theyve alsogot out of their time in school is finding a role model and a friend in Wilson.Some students 16 call him“Grandpa .Tina Stern 17 rides from Wilson for all her four years in college,and the trips m

9、eant much more to herthan just free 18.Its not just a ride；youre not just sitting there in 19 silence or with your headphoneson.H Stern said.He asks you questions and actually 20 the answers,so the next time you ride with him,hell 21 those things.nWilson first worked as a driver through a student-su

10、pport programme of the non-profit organization,OnPoint for College.Although the 22 asks the members only to drive students to and from their classes,Wilsonoften goes 23 to ensure the welfare and safety of the students.If they have problems with registration.Wilson is there to 24 them.If they run out

11、 of certain daily necessities.Wilson will drive to the neareststore and purchase whats needed.If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school,Wilson never25_ to buy them a meal.For many students,Wilsons help is not only appreciated,its also entirely 26 for them to be able tocomplete t

12、heir college education.Some students dont have a reliable car,while others have to 27 vehicleswith parents who work six days a week.For them,riding with Wilson has 28 them to complete theireducation-but according to Wilson,he benefits just as much from the 29.I just love driving and I lovethese kids

13、,MWiIson said.Its such a(n)30 to be a part of these kids lives,even just for a few hours,gettingto know them and hearing their stories.n11.A.linkingB.sendingC.offeringD.distributing12.A.donatingB.lendingC.deliveringD.volunteering13.A.pavedB.coveredC.measuredD.wandered14.A.argumentsB.interviewsC.nego

14、tiationsD.wandered15.A.metB.drivenC.addressedD.conversations16.A.evenB.everC.onceD.already17.A.earnedB.receivedC.assessedD.demanded18.A.transportationB.styleC.timeD.communication19.A.forcedB.awkwardC.ridiculousD.suspicious20.A.selectsB.recitesC.guessesD.remembers21.A.act onB.settle onC.check onD.agr

15、ee on22.A.clubB.leagueC.collegeD.programme23.A.farB.aroundC.beyondD.forwards24.A.assistB.watchC.urgeD.warn25.A.expectsB.attemptsC.managesD.hesitates26.A.extraB.unusualC.necessaryD.adequate27.A.shareB.fuelC.repairD.exchange28.A.requiredB.allowedC.remindedD.convinced29.A.experienceB.arrangementC.appre

16、ciationD.employment30.A.effortB.ambitionC.privilegeD.convenience第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第 一 节（共 15小题；每小题2 分，共 30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWant to explore new cultures,meet new people and do something worthwhile at the same time?You can doall the three with Global Development Associa

17、tion（GDA）.Whatever stage of life youre at,wherever you go andwhatever project you do in GDA,youll create positive changes in a poor and remote community（社 区）.We work with volunteers of all ages and backgrounds.Most of our volunteers are aged 17-24.Now we needvolunteer managers aged 25-75.They are ex

18、tremely important in the safe and effective running of our programmes.We have such roles as project managers,mountain leaders,and communication officers.Depending on which role you choose,you could help to increase a communitys access to safe drinking water,or help to protect valuable local cultures

19、.You might also design an adventure challenge to train young volunteers.Not only will you help our young volunteers to develop personally,youll also learn new skills and increaseyour cultural awareness.You may have chances to meet new people wholl become your lifelong friends.This summer we have bot

20、h 4-week and 7-week programmes：CountrySchedule4-week programmes7-week programmesAlgeria5 Jul.-1 Aug.20 Jun.7 Aug.Egypt24 Jul.-20 Aug.19 Jun.1 6 Aug.Kenya20 Jul.16 Aug.18 Jun.一5 Aug.South Africa2 Aug.一29 Aug.15 Jun.一2 Aug.GDA ensures that volunteers work with community members and local project partn

21、ers where our help isneeded.All our projects aim to promote the development of poor and remote communities.There is no other chance like a GDA programme.Join us as a volunteer manager to develop your own skillswhile bringing benefits to the communities.Find out more about joining a GDA programme:Web

22、site:www.g/odeue.o叩humanresourcesglodeve.org31.What is the main responsibility of volunteer managers?A.To seek local partners.B.To take in young volunteers.C.To carry out programmes.D.To foster cultural awareness.32.The programme beginning in August will operate in.A.Egypt B.Algeria C.Kenya D.South

23、Africa33.The shared goal of GDAs projects is to.A.explore new cultures B.protect the environmentC.gain corporate benefits D.help communities in needBAlice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur（创业者）,who in May 2015 set up herbusiness AilieCandy.By the time she was 13,her company was worth millions of doll

24、arswith the invention of a super-sweet treat that could save kids9 teeth,instead of destroying them./JIt all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad.On the outing,she was offereda candy bar.However,her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth.But Moore was sick ofmissing out o

25、n candies.So she desired to get round the warning,MWhy cant I make a healthy candy thats good formy teeth so that my parents cant say no to it?*With that in mind,Moore asked her dad if she could start her owncandy company.He recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what a hea

26、lthier candywould contain.With her dads permission,she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get arecipe that was both tasty and tooth-friendly.She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning.Consequently,she succeeded in making a kind of candy only usi

27、ng natural sweeteners,which can reduce oralbacteria.Moore then used her savings to get her business of the ground.Afterwards,she and her father secured theirfirst business meeting with a supermarket owner,who finally agreed to sell Moores productCanCandy.As CanCandy?s success grows,so does Moores cr

28、edibility as a young entrepreneur.Moore is enthusiasticabout the candy she created,and shes also positive about what the future might bring.She hopes that every kid canhave a clean mouth and a broad smile.Meanwhile,with her parents9 help,Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life.Although

29、 shefounded her company early on in life,she wasnt driven primarily by profit.Moore wants to use her unique talent tohelp others find their smiles.She donates 10%of AilieCandys profits to Big Smiles.With her talent anddetermination,it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore.34.How di

30、d Moore react to her dads warning?A.She argued with him.C.She paid no attention.35.What is special about CanCandy?A.It is beneficial to dental health.C.It is sweeter than other candies.36.What does Moore expect from her business?A.To earn more money.C.To make herself stand out.37.What can we leam fr

31、om Alice Moores story?B.She tried to find a way out.D.She chose to consult dentists.B.It is free of sweeteners.D.It is produced to a dentists recipe.B.To help others find smiles.D.To beat other candy companies.A.Fame is a great thirst of the young.B.A youth is to be regarded with respect.C.Positive

32、thinking and action result in success.D.Success means getting personal desires satisfied.CThe problem of robocalls has gotten so bad that many people now refuse to pick up calls from numbers theydont know.By next year,half of the calls we receive will be scams（欺 诈）.We are finally waking up to thesev

33、erity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools,apps and approaches intended to preventscammers from getting through.Unfortunately,its too little,too late.By the time these H solutions1*（舟箪决方案）become widely available,scammers will have moved onto cleverer means.In the near future,

34、its not just going tobe the number you see on your screen that will be in doubt.Soon you will also question whether the voice yourehearing is actually real.Thats because there are a number of powerful voice manipulation（处 理）and automation technologies thatare about to become widely available for any

35、one to use.At this years I/O Conference,a company showed a newvoice technology able to produce such a convincing human-sounding voice that it was able to speak to areceptionist and book a reservation without detection.These developments are likely to make our current problems with robocalls much wor

36、se.The reason thatrobocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision.A decade of data breaches（数据侵入）ofpersonal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mothers name,and far more.Armed with this knowledge,theyre able to carry out individually targeted ca

37、mpaigns to cheat people.This means,for example,that a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voicethat sounds exactly like your bank teller,tricking you into“confirming”your address,mothers name,and cardnumber.Scammers follow money,so companies will be

38、 the worst hit.A lot of business is still done over the phone,and much of it is based on trust and existing relationships.Voice manipulation technologies may weaken thatgradually.We need to deal with the insecure nature of our telecom networks.Phone carriers and consumers need to worktogether to fin

39、d ways of determining and communicating what is real.That might mean either developing a uniformway to mark videos and images,showing when and who they were made by,or abandoning phone calls altogetherand moving towards data-based communications-using apps like FaceTime or WhatsApp,which can be tied

40、 toyour identity.Credibility is hard to earn but easy to lose,and the problem is only going to get harder from here on out.38.How does the author feel about the solutions to problem of robocalls?A.Panicked.B.Confused.C.Embarrassed.D.Disappointed.39.Taking advantage of the new technologies,scammers c

41、an.A.aim at victims precisely B.damage databases easilyC.start campaigns rapidly D.spread information widely40.What does the passage imply?A.Honesty is the best policy.B.Technologies can be double-edged.C.There are more solutions than problems.D.Credibility holds the key to development.41.Which of t

42、he following would be the best title for the passage?A.Where the Problem of Robocalls Is RootedB.Who Is to Blame for the Problem of RobocallsC.Why Robocalls Are About to Get More DangerousD.How Robocalls Are Affecting the World of TechnologyDBy the end of the century,if not sooner,the worlds oceans

43、will be bluer and greener thanks to a warmingclimate,according to a new study.At the heart of the phenomenon lie liny marine microorganisms（海洋微生物）called phytoplankton.Becauseof the way light reflects off the organisms,these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface.Ocean colour va

44、ries from green to blue,depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton.Climate changewill fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas,while reducing it in other spots,leading to changes in theoceans appearance.Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface,where they pull carbon dioxide（二氧化碳）i

45、nto the ocean whilegiving off oxygen.When these organisms die,they bury carbon in the deep ocean,an important process that helpsto regulate the global climate.But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean warming trend.Warming changeskey characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton grow

46、th,since they need not only sunlight and carbondioxide to grow,but also nutrients.Stephanie Dutkiewicz,a scientist in MITs Center for Global Change Science,built a climate model thatprojects changes to the oceans throughout the century.In a world that warms up by 3,it found that multiplechanges to t

47、he colour of the oceans would occur.The model projects that currently blue areas with littlephytoplankton could become even bluer.But in some waters,such as those of the Arctic,a warming will makeconditions riper for phytoplankton,and these areas will turn greener.”Not only are the quantities ofphyt

48、oplankton in the ocean changing,*she said,but the type of phytoplankton is changing.”And why does that matter?Phytoplankton are the base of the food web.If certain kinds begin to disappearfrom the ocean,Dutkiewicz said,u it will change the type of fish that will be able to survive.M Those kinds ofch

49、anges could affect the food chain.Whatever colour changes the ocean experiences in the coming decades will probably be too gradual andunnoticeable,but they could mean significant changes.ItH be a while before we can statistically show that thechanges are happening because of climate change,Dutkiewic

50、z said,but the change in the colour of the oceanwill be one of the early warning signals that we really have changed our planet.42.What are the first two paragraphs mainly about?A.The various patterns at the ocean surface.B.The cause of the changes in ocean colour.C.The way light reflects off marine