【课件】Unit+4+Discover+useful+structures人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册.pptx

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1、 Discovering useful structures过去分词作表语、定语和状语过去分词作表语、定语和状语(与现在分词的区分）与现在分词的区分）Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast LandWork in groups.Discuss the questions.Lead inIf you have a chance to travel abroad,which transportation will you choose?1.过去分词作表语与被动语态的差异过去分词作表语与被动语态的差异I was astonished at the news.(系表)The news

2、 was spread by Tom.(被动)被动语态表示动作,强调被动关系,绝大多数被动结构中的行为执行者可以由by引出。作表语用的过去分词表示主语的特点或所处的状态,这种结构中的过去分词前可加quite、very、rather等修饰词。done作作表语表语用法归纳用法归纳一、做状语一、做状语过去分词做状语和表语过去分词做状语和表语过去分词：过去分词：done （和逻辑主语是被动关系）特点特点:1 一般用逗号隔开 2逻辑主语和主句主语一致1.Given another hour,I can also work out this problem.再给我一个小时，我也能解这道题.(given 为

3、过去分词作状语，它的逻辑主语为主句主语 I,即 I 被再给一个小时。)2.Seen from the top of the hill,the city looks more beautiful to us.从山顶看城市，城市显得更漂亮。(seen 为过去分词作状语，表被看,由语境可知，它的逻辑主语必须是城市，而不是我们,因为我们应主动看城市。)Born in a poor family,Nadia had only two years of schooling.由于出生于贫寒家庭,纳迪亚只上过两年学。(表原因)When asked her future plans,the girl said

4、that she wanted to be a teacher.当问到未来的计划时,这个女孩说她想成为一名教师。(表时间)Some medicines,if wrongly taken,can kill a person.当误服时,有些药可以要人命。(表条件)Encouraged by his parents,he still has no confidence in overcoming the difficulties.尽管受到了父母的鼓励,他仍然没有信心克服困难。(表让步)The patient got off the bed,supported by the nurse.那个病人在护士

5、的搀扶下下了床。(表方式)The girl met with an accident when crossing the road,wounded in the head.那个女孩过马路时出了事故,头部受了伤。(表结果)作用：作用：分词在句中作状语时,可表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随、结果、让步等。过去分词作状语多放在句首,也可放在后面或插在中间。如：【探究总结】【探究总结】过去分词作状语，可以表示过去分词作状语，可以表示_、_、_、_、_和结果，相当于一个状语从句或和结果，相当于一个状语从句或and连接的并连接的并列结构。其逻辑主语为主句的主语，且与主句主语构成被动关系。列结构。其逻辑主语

6、为主句的主语，且与主句主语构成被动关系。时间时间原因原因条件条件让步让步伴随伴随【应用实践】【应用实践】(1)_ in the early 20th century,the school keeps on inspiring childrens love of art.A.Founding B.Founded C.Found D.It was founded(2)When _ for his views about his teaching job,Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.A.asking B.he aski

7、ng C.asked D.he asked(3)_ with care,one tin will last for six weeks.A.Used B.Using C.It is used D.It is usingThe signal given,the bus started.信号一发出，汽车就开动了。(the signal 是 given 的逻辑主语，因此主句主语 the bus 就不是given 的逻辑主语。)Her head held high,she went by.她把头昂得高高地从这儿走了过去。(her head 是 held high 的逻辑主语，因此主句主语 she 就不

8、再是held high 的逻辑主语。)特殊结构：独立主格特殊结构：独立主格如果过去分词作状语时，前面再加逻辑主语，主句的主语就不再是分词的逻辑主语，这种带逻辑主语的过去分词结构实际上属于独立主格结构。2.过去分词短语作状语时在句中的位置过去分词短语作状语时在句中的位置【观察思考】【观察思考】(1)Told that his mother was ill,Li Lei hurried home.得知母亲病了得知母亲病了,李雷赶紧回家。李雷赶紧回家。(2)The old man walked into the room,supported by his son.老人在儿子的搀扶下走进了老人在儿子的

9、搀扶下走进了房间。房间。【探究总结】【探究总结】过去分词短语作条件、原因及时间状语时过去分词短语作条件、原因及时间状语时,通常放在通常放在 _(句首句首/句句末末)；作伴随、结果状语时；作伴随、结果状语时,通常放在通常放在_(句首句首/句末句末)；作方式状语；作方式状语时时,一般放在句末一般放在句末,有时也放在句首有时也放在句首;作让步状语时作让步状语时,一般放在句首一般放在句首,有时也有时也放在句末。放在句末。句首句首句末句末二、做表语二、做表语过去分词作状语时，可在分词之前加某些连词，以表示强调。“连词连词+过去分词过去分词”结构作状语结构作状语常用的有if,unless,when,onc

10、e,until,though/although,even if/even though,as,as if等。The girl was amazed to see such an open country.Do you feel frightened when going into the wilderness alone?过去分词和逻辑主语之间是被动关系。If admitted,I will try my best to do the work well.(admit 和 I 为被动关系)when burned by the fire,we should deal with it under

11、the running water.(burn和we 为被动关系)过去分词作表语和状语过去分词作表语和状语一、过去分词作表语一、过去分词作表语 1 1、过去分词作表语的意义、过去分词作表语的意义【观察思考】【观察思考】(1)The girls were amazed to see such an open country.女孩们看到这样一个开阔的国家感到惊奇。女孩们看到这样一个开阔的国家感到惊奇。(2)He seemed quite delighted at the news.听到那个消息他似乎很高兴。听到那个消息他似乎很高兴。(3)The door remained unlocked whe

12、n I went back home.我回家时门仍然未锁。我回家时门仍然未锁。【探究总结】【探究总结】过去分词除了放在过去分词除了放在be动词后动词后,也可放在也可放在 remain、seem、get、feel、look、become等之后作表语等之后作表语,表示主语所处的表示主语所处的_(_(动作动作/状态状态)。状态状态【应用实践】【应用实践】(1)Thousands of holidaymakers remained _abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.A.stuck B.stick C.sticked D.sticking(2)Ladies an

13、d gentlemen,please remain _ until the plane has come to a complete stop.A.seating B.seated C.seat D.sat(3)Why do you always look _?A.tiring B.tire C.tired D.tying(4)I _ at the film I saw last night.I had expected it to be better.A.am disappointing B.am disappointed C.was disappointing D.was disappoi

14、nted1 The girls were_ to see such an open country.The farms covered a very large area,which was_ 2 Going into the wilderness alone can be_ Do you feel_ when going into the wilderness alone?3 _ from the top of the mountain,the scenery was really fascinating._ the scenery from the top of the mountain,

15、I was fascinated by the autumn colours.4 _ eastwards,you will pass the Canadian Rockies.Finally,the company_by its new managerstarted to make a profit.amazedamazingfrighteningfrightenedSeen SeeingHeading headed 1 Fill in each blank with the correct form of a verb from the box.Find the difference bet

16、ween each pair of sentences,paying attention to the ed and-ing forms.Then translate the sentences into Chinese.see frighten head amaze1 We became_ when thinking about those beautiful locations in Finland.We expected to experience a lot of_ things there.2 We went to bed as soon as we arrived at the h

17、otel because we were so_.The eight-hour train ride was quite_.3 I was not_ _ with the hotel.lt was not as clean as I had expected.But we had a _ meal at the hotels restaurant,so I felt a bit better later on.4 It was raining hard the next day,so we just stayed in the hotel and watched TV.Sadly,the TV

18、 programmes that day were really_.As we had nothing else to do,we felt pretty_.excited excitingtiredtiringsatisfiedsatisfyingboringbored2 Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the words in the box.Then translate the sentences into Chinese,paying attention to the different meanings of the-

19、ed：and-ing forms.bore excite tire satisfy4.过去分词短语与动词过去分词短语与动词-ing短语作状语的区别短语作状语的区别【观察思考】【观察思考】(1)Asked why he was late,he cried.被问到他为什么迟到时被问到他为什么迟到时,他哭了他哭了。(2)Looking out of the window,I saw some students playing there.我朝窗外望去我朝窗外望去,看见几个学生正在那边玩耍看见几个学生正在那边玩耍。【探究总结】【探究总结】过去分词短语与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的过去分词短语与句子的主语

20、之间存在逻辑上的_关系关系,即表示被动即表示被动;动词动词-ing短语与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的短语与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的_关系关系,即表示主动即表示主动。（主谓（主谓/动宾动宾）动宾动宾主谓主谓状语中的动词与逻辑主语的关系为主动，则用状语中的动词与逻辑主语的关系为主动，则用_；被；被动，则用动，则用_-ing-ed【应用实践】【应用实践】用所给词的适当形式填空。用所给词的适当形式填空。_(find)the course very difficult,she decided to move to a lower level.Time,_(use)correctly,is money i

21、n the bank._(use)the book,I find it useful._(worry)about his sons safety,he didnt sleep well._(hear)the joke,I couldnt help laughing.FindingusedUsingWorriedHearingEXAMPLE When people asked the man what the trip meant to him,he said it was“an experience of a lifetime”.When asked what the trip meant t

22、o him,the man said it was“an experience of a lifetime”.3 Rewrite the sentences.Add information as necessary.Butchart Gardens was transformed from a quarry.It has now become a famous destination for travellers._ Transformed from a quarry,Butchart Gardens has now become a famous destination for travel

23、lers.2 If you compare Quebec City with other cities in Canada,it seems more like a charming European village._ 3 They did not know where to start their sightseeing in Luoyang,so they went to the Tourist Information Centre._ 4 When they heard that the Sea-to-Sky Highway was Canadas most scenic drive,

24、they made West Vancouver their first destination._If compared with other cities in Canada,Quebec City seems more like a charming European village.Not knowing where to start their sightseeing in Luoyang,so they went to the Tourist Information Centre.When hearing that the Sea-to-Sky Highway was Canada

25、s most scenic drive,they made West Vancouver their first destination.【practice】1._(see)from the hill,the park looks very beautiful.2._(see)the scenery from the top of the mountain,I was fascinated by the autumn colors.3._(see)the fantastic scenery,I got up early at 6 a.m.done作作状语状语SeenSeeingTo see练练2.过去分词与现在分词作表语的区别done作作表语表语【practice】his _(frighten)look/facial expressionGoing into the wilderness alone can be _（frighten）.Do you feel _（frighten)when going into the wilderness alone?frightenedfrightenedfrightening区别表示情感意义的ing分词和ed分词练练Thank you!