2023年全国硕士研究生考试英语试卷及答案1.docx

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1、 2023年全国硕士研究生考试英语试卷及答案 1考生必需严格遵守各项考场规章，得到监考人员指令前方可开头答题。? 2答题前，考生应将答题卡上的.“考生姓名”、“报考单位”、“（考试）语种”、“考生编号”等信息填写清晰，并与准考证上的全都。? 3全国硕士讨论生入学考试英语分为（试题）（一）、试题（二）。? 4本试题为试题（一），共4页（14页）。考生必需在规定的时间内作答。? 5试题（一）为听力局部。该局部共有A、B、C三节，全部答案都应填写或填涂在答题卡1上。A、B两节必需用蓝（黑）圆珠笔答题，留意字迹清晰。C节必需用2B铅笔根据答题卡上的要求填涂，如要改动，必需用橡皮擦洁净。? 6听力考试进

2、展时，考生应先将答案写或标记在试题上，然后在听力局部完毕前特地留出的5分钟内，将答案干净地抄写或转涂到答题卡1上。仅写或标记在试题上不给分。 Section I Listening Comprehension? Directions: This Section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accoMPAny them. The

3、re are three parts in this section, Part A, Part B and Part C.? Remember, while you are doing the test, you should first put down your answers in your test booklet. At the end of the listening comprehension section, you will have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSWE

4、R SHEET 1. Now look at Part A in your test booklet.? Part A? Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear an introduction about the life of Margaret Welch. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you#39;ve heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write onl

5、y 1 word or number in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. (5 points)? Welch#39;s Personal Information Place of Birth Philadelphia Year of Birth 1901 Transfer to Barnard University (Year) 1920 Major at University 1 Final Degree PhD Ye

6、ar of Marriage 1928 Growing Up In New Guinea Published (Year) 2 Field Study in the South Pacific (Age) 3 Main Interest 4 Professorship at Columbia Started (Year) 5 Death (Age) 77 Part B Directions: For questions 6-10, you will hear a talk by a well-known U.S. journalist. While you listen, complete t

7、he sentences or answer the questions. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and questions below. (5 points)? _ Besides reporters, who else were camped out for days outside the speaker#39;s home? 6 One reporter got

8、to the speaker#39;s apartment pretending to pay 7 The speaker believed the reporter wanted a picture of her looking 8 Where is a correction to a false story usually placed? 9 According to the speaker, the press will lost readers unless the editors and the news directors 10 Part C Directions: You wil

9、l hear three pieces of recorded material. Before listening to each one, you will have time to read the questions related to it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have time to check your answers. You will hear each piece once only. (10 points)?

10、Questions 11 - 13 are based on a report about children#39;s healthy development. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 11 - 13.? 11. What unusual question may doctors ask when giving kids a checkup next time? A How much exercise they get every day.? B What they are most worried about.? C How lon

11、g their parents accoMPAny them daily.? D What entertainment they are interested in.? 12. The academy suggests that children under age two .? A get enough entertainment.? B have more activities.? C receive early education.? D have regular checkups.? 13. According to the report, children#39;s bedrooms

12、 should .? A be no place for play.? B be near a common area.? C have no TV sets.? D have a computer for study.? Questions 14 - 16 are based on the following talk about how to save money. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 14 - 16.? 14. According to the speaker, what should one pay special att

13、ention to if he wants to save up? A Family debts. ? B Bank savings.? C Monthly bills. ? D Spending habits. 15. How much can a person save by retirement if he gives up his pack-a-day habit? A $190,000.? B $330,000.? C $500,000. ? D $1,000,000.? 16. What should one do before paying monthly bills, if h

14、e wants to accumulate wealth? A Invest into a mutual fund.? B Use the discount tickets.? C Quit his eating-out habit.? D Use only paper bills and save coins.? Questions 17-20 are based on an interview with Herbert A. Glieberman, a domestic-relations lawyer. You now have 20 seconds to read Questions

15、17 - 20.? 17. Which word best describes the lawyer#39;s prediction of the change in divorce rate? A Fall.? B Rise. ? C V-shape. 18. What do people nowadays desire to do concerning their marriage? A To embrace changes of thought.? B To adapt to the disintegrated family life.? C To return to the pract

16、ice in the #39;60s and #39;70s.? D To create stability in their lives.? 19. Why did some people choose not to divorce 20 years ago? A They feared the complicated procedures.? B They wanted to go against the trend.? C They were afraid of losing face.? D they were willing to stay together.? 20. Years

17、ago a divorced man in a coMPAny would have .? A been shifted around the country.? B had difficulty being promoted.? C enjoyed a happier life.? D tasted little bitterness of disgrace.? Section II Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and m

18、ark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)? Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened ( 21 ) . As was discussed before, it was not ( 22 ) the 19th century that the newspape

19、r became the dominant pre-electronic ( 23 ) , following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the ( 24 ) of the periodical. It was during the same time that the communications revolution ( 25 ) up, beginning with transport, the railway, and leading ( 26 ) through the telegraph, the telepho

20、ne, radio, and motion pictures ( 27 ) the 20th-century world of the motor car and the air plane. Not everyone sees that process in ( 28 ) . It is important to do so.? It is generally recognized, ( 29 ) , that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century, ( 30 ) by the invention of the

21、integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process, ( 31 ) its impact on the media was not immediately ( 32 ) . As time went by, computers became smaller and more powerful, and they became “personal“ too, as well as ( 33 ) , with display becoming sharper and storage ( 34 ) increasing

22、. They were thought of, like people, ( 35 ) generations, with the distance between generations much ( 36 ).? It was within the computer age that the term “information society“ began to be widely used to describe the ( 37 ) within which we now live. The communications revolution has ( 38 ) both work

23、and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time, but there have been ( 39 ) view about its economic, political, social and cultural implications. “Benefits“have been weighed ( 40 ) “harmful“ outcomes. And generalizations have proved difficult.? 21. A between B before C since D later

24、22. A after B by C during D until 23. A means B method C medium D measure 24. A process B company C light D form 25. A gathered B speeded C worked D picked 26. A on B out C over D off 27. A of B for C beyond D into 28. A concept B dimension C effect D perspective 29. A indeed B hence C however D the

25、refore 30. A brought B followed C stimulated D characterized 31. A unless B since C lest D although 32. A apparent B desirable C negative D plausible 33. A institution B universal C fundamental D instrumental 34. A ability B capability C capacity D faculty 35. A by means of B in terms of C with rega

26、rd toD in line with 36. A deeper B fewer C nearer D smaller 37. A context B range C scope D territory 38. A regarded B impressed C influenced D effected 39. A competitive B controversial C distracting D irrational 40. A above B upon C against D with Section III Reading Comprehension Part A Direction

27、s: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)? Text 1? If you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile, you must know how to identify shared experiences and problems. Your humor must be re

28、levant to the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in syMPAthy with their point of view. Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different. If you are talking to a group of managers, you may refer to the diso

29、rganized methods of their secretaries; alternatively if you are addressing secretaries, you may want to comment on their disorganized bosses.? Here is an example, which I heard at a nurses#39; convention, of a story which works well because the audience all shared the same view of doctors. A man arr

30、ives in heaven and is being shown around by St. Peter. He sees wonderful accommodations, beautiful gardens, sunny weather, and so on. Everyone is very peaceful,polite and friendly until, waiting in a line for lunch, the new arrival is suddenly pushed aside by a man in a white coat, who rushes to the

31、 head of the line, grabs his food and stomps over to a table by himself. “Who is that?“ the new arrival asked St. Peter. “On, that#39;s God,“ came the reply, “but sometimes he thinks he#39;s a doctor.“? If you are part of the group which you are addressing, you will be in a position to know the expe

32、riences and problems which are common to all of you and it#39;ll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman#39;s notorious bad taste in ties. With other audiences you mustn#39;t attempt to cut in with humor as they will resent an outsider making d

33、isparaging remarks about their canteen or their chairman. You will be on safer ground if you stick to scapegoats like the Post Office or the telephone system.? If you feel awkward being humorous, you must practice so that it becomes more natural. Include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff rema

34、rks which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner. Often it#39;s the delivery which causes the audience to smile, so speak slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look may help to show that you are making a light-hearted remark. Look for the humor. It often comes from th

35、e unexpected. A twist on a familiar quote “If at first you don#39;t succeed, give up“ or a play on words or on a situation. Search for exaggeration and understatements. Look at your talk and pick out a few words or sentences which you can turn about and inject with humor. (447 words)? 41. To make yo

36、ur humor work, you should . ? A take advantage of different kinds of audience.? B make fun of the disorganized people.? C address different problems to different people.? D show syMPAthy for your listeners.? 42. The joke about doctors implies that, in the eyes of nurses, they are .? A impolite to ne

37、w arrivals.? B very conscious of their godlike role.? C entitled to some privileges.? D very busy even during lunch hours.? 43. It can be inferred from the text that public services .? A have benefited many people.? B are the focus of public attention.? C are an inappropriate subject for humor.? D h

38、ave often been the laughing stock.? 44. To achieve the desired result, humorous stories should be delivered .? A in well-worded language.? B as awkwardly as possible.? C in exaggerated statements.? D as casually as possible.? 45. The best title for the text may be .? A Use Humor Effectively.? B Vari

39、ous Kinds of Humor.? C Add Humor to Speech.? D Different Humor Strategies.? Text 2? Since the dawn of human ingenuity, people have devised ever more cunning tools to cope with work that is dangerous, boring, burdensome, or just plain nasty. That compulsion has resulted in roboticsthe science of conf

40、erring various human capabilities on machines. And if scientists have yet to create the mechanical version of science fiction, they have begun to come close.? As a result, the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent gizmos whose presence we barely notice but whose universal existence h

41、as removed much human labor. Our factories hum to the rhythm of robot assembly arms. Our banking is done at automated teller terminals that thank us with mechanical politeness for the transaction. Our subway trains are controlled by tireless robo-drivers. And thanks to the continual miniaturization

42、of electronics and micro-mechanics, there are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bonesurgery with submillimeter accuracyfar greater precision than highly skilled physicians can achieve with their hands alone.? But if robots are to reach the next stage of laborsaving utili

43、ty, they will have to operate with less human supervision and be able to make at least a few decisions for themselvesgoals that pose a real challenge. “While we know how to tell a robot to handle a specific error,“ says Dave Lavery, manager of a robotics program at NASA, “we can#39;t yet give a robo

44、t enough #39;common sense#39; to reliably interact with a dynamic world.“? Indeed the quest for true artificial intelligence has produced very mixed results. Despite a spell of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared that transistor circuits and microprocessors might be able to copy

45、 the action of the human brain by the year 2023, researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by decades if not centuries.? What they found, in attempting to model thought, is that the human brain#39;sroughly one hundred billion nerve cells are much more talentedand human perception far more complicatedthan previously imagined. They have built robots that can recognize the error of a machine panel by a fraction of a millimeter in a