2023年初中英语语法学习之系动词.docx

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1、2023年初中英语语法学习之系动词系动词有下面这些:appearbefeelgogrowlookproverestrunsmellsoundbecomefallgetkeepremainseemstayturntaste 1) be：这个系动词用得最多，后面可以跟各式各样的表语：(1) She s a good swimmer.她是位游泳好手。(跟名词)(2) Be quiet!安静点！(跟形容词)(3) He isn, t in at the moment.他此刻不在家。(跟副词)(4) He has been in Germany for five years. 他在德国住 了五年。(5)

2、 Who is she?她是谁？(跟代词)(6) To know everything is to know nothing. 事事 皆通， 事事稀松。(跟不定式)(7) Let X be 10.设X等于10.(跟数词)(8) The flowers in the park are pleasing. 公园里的For a whole day the enemy remained inactive. 一整天敌人 都没有动静。Perhaps he could be induced to remain silent. 或许能劝他 保持沉默。b.过去分词：She still remained unco

3、nvinced. 她仍然不相信。But they remained unfinished.但他们仍然没完成。c.现在分词：She remained standing for a good hour. 她站 了足有 个钟 头。They remained listening.他们仍然在听着。d.名词：She remained the same Constance.她还是原来的康氏坦丝。Why he did it will remain a puzzle forever. 他为什么这样 做将永远是个谜。e. 介词短语：You can t let the room remain like this!

4、你不能让房间老 是这样！They still remained at the mercy of the terrorists. 他们 仍然听任恐怖分子的摆布。13) Rest：这个词只在少数情况下用作系动词：The affair rests a mystery.这事仍然是个谜。Rest assured we will do all we can. 请放心, 我们会全力以 赴。14) Run：这个词间或用作系动词，表示“变成(什么样子)”，后面主要跟 一些形容词：The rivers were beginning to run dry. 河流开始干涸。My blood ran cold with

5、 fear,我吓得毛骨悚然。还可用在 run high, run low, run wild, run rife, run strong, run small, run loose, run short of, run out of 等词组中。15) Seem：这是一个常用的系动词，表示“看来”、“似乎”，后面可跟：a.形容词：She seems happy to me.在我看来她似乎很愉快。It seems probable that I 11 be sent abroad next year. 看 来我明年有可能被派往国外。b. 分词：He seems rather agitated.他好

6、像相当焦虑不安。She seemed lacking in enthusiasm. 她似乎缺乏热情。c.名词：It seems to me (to be) the best solution. 在我看来这似乎是最好的解决办法。She seemed an unusually clever girl.她似乎是一个聪明绝 顶的姑娘。d. 介词短语：He seemed out of humour. 他好像情绪不佳。She seemed in high spirits.她似乎情绪高昂。16) Smell：作系动词时表示“闻起来”，多跟形容词：Roses smell sweet.玫瑰花有香味。The di

7、nner smells good.饭菜味道很香。间或跟介词短语：The soup smells of garlic. 这汤有大蒜味。What does the perfume smell like?这种香水是什么味？17) Sound：作系动词时表示“听起来”，通常后面跟形容词：How sweet the music sounds!这音乐听起来多甜美呀！Don t speak like that. It sounds insincere to me. 另U 这样讲，在我听来这显得不诚恳。间或跟名词(a)或介词短语(b)：a. your idea sounds (like) a good one

8、.你的想法听起来不 错。He sounded a hard man.他听起来像是一个厉害的人。b. it sounded like Beethoven.这听起来像贝多芬的音乐。It almost sounds like science fiction. 这听起来几乎像科 幻小说。18) stay：这个词只在少数情况下用作系动词，意思是“保持（某种状态）”， 后面主要跟形容词：He stayed single for many years.许多年他者是单身。I m going to stay awake to see the eclipse. 我准备熬夜 来观看月蚀。间或跟介词短语（a）或过去分

9、词（b）：a. They are not likely to stay in power after the election. 选举之后他们可能不会继续执政。Father wanted us to stay out of trouble. 父亲要我们别惹 麻烦。b. Please stay seated.请不要站起来。The police prefer to stay unarmed.警察们宁愿不带枪。19) taste：作系动词时意思是“吃（喝）起来”，后面多跟形容词。The meat tastes good.这肉味道很好。The milk doesn, t taste right thi

10、s morning. 今天早上这奶 味道不大对。This soup tastes awful.这汤味道糟透了。20) turn：作系动词时主要表示“变得（成）后面可以跟：a.形容词：He turned rather pink.他的脸红了。It s turned awfully chilly. I think it s going to snow.天变得冷极了，我想要下雪了。b.名词：He has turned traitor （Mahammedan）.他成了叛徒（回教徒）。She turned botanist.她成 了植物学家。花很怡人。(跟现在分词)(9) She s disappoint

11、ed with me.她对我很失望。(跟过 去分词)(10) That s why I m against the idea.因此我反对这 个想法。(跟从句)(11) He s twice David s size.他的个子比大卫大一倍。(跟词组)还可用于许多成语中，如be in, be off, be on, be over, be through, be fond of, be sure of, be tired, be careful of, be mindful of, be keen on, be weary of, be productive of 等。2) appear：后面主要

12、跟：a.形容词或过去分词：(1) He appeared quite well.他似乎身体很不错。(2) She appeared perplexed.她显得有些困惑。b.跟名词：(3) It appears (to be) a true story.它似乎是一个真实 的故事。(4) He didn t want to appear a fool.他不想显得像一 个傻瓜。C.跟从句：(5) It appeared that he had an unusual taste for music. 似乎他对音乐有着非凡的鉴赏力。(6) It appeared that Harry was takin

13、g her to the opera. 看来哈利准备带她去看歌剧。3) become：后面可跟：a.形容词：(1) She had become quite familiar with this seaside city. 她对这座海滨城市已非常熟悉。(2) They become dizzy with this momentary “victory” . 他们被一时的胜利冲昏了头脑。b.过去分词：(1) She was becoming annoyed with me.她对我变得有些 不高兴。(2) He became acquainted with Balzac.他和巴尔扎克认 识。c.名

14、词：(1) She talked to me about becoming a teacher.她和我 谈起要当老师的事。(2) But his dream had not become a reality. 但他的梦 想并未成真。4) fall：后面可跟:a.形容词(只限于少数形容词):(1) Soon she fell asleep.不久他就睡着了。(2) He has fallen ill (sick).他生病了。还可用于 fall vacant, fall silent 等。b.名词：(3) They didn? t want to fall a victim to mammonism

15、. 他 们不愿成为拜金主义。(4) I fell a prey to evil dreams.我常常受噩梦的折磨。5) feel：这个词有两重意思，一个主要意思是“感觉(如何)“，后面可跟：a.形容词(大量形容词可以和feel连用)：(1) I don t feel very well.我感到不大舒服。(2) I ve been feeling awfully bad about it.对此我感 到很难受。b.过去分词：He felt troubled and distressed.他感到很烦恼痛苦。I feel puzzled and upset. 我感到困惑烦乱。c.介词短语：I feel

16、 at ease with her.我和她在一起感到轻松自在。She no longer felt in fighting mood,她不再感到有旺盛的 斗志。还可表示“摸起来(如何)”：It feels rough on the surface.它的表面摸上去很粗糙。Ice feels cold.冰摸起来很凉。6) get：后面可以跟：a.形容词（大量形容词可以和get连用）：The weather is getting quite warm. 天气变得相当 暖和。I hope you won t get over-tired.希望你不要过度劳累。b.过去分词：I get more and

17、more absorbed in the work here. 我对这 里的工作越来越投入了。Don t get caught in the rain. 别让雨淋着。c.现在分词：We d better get moving.我们最好开始动身。Then they got chatting together.后来他们在一起聊了起 来。d.名词：You re getting quite a lad now. 你快长成大小伙子了。He s getting a bad influence on my children.他在对我 的孩子产生坏影响。e.介词短语：It s getting near din

18、ner-time.快到吃饭时间了。We 11 let you know as soon as production gets under way. 生产一上轨道我们就通知你。7) go：在多数情况下都跟形容词，但只能跟某些形容词，如：She went pale at the news.听了这消息她脸色发白。He went mad (insane).他疯了。另夕卜还可跟 white, gray, purple, red, hungry, sour, bad, bald, tired, sick, blind, sentimental, wrong, bankrupt, broke, rotten

19、, independent, dead, lame 等。此外，还可跟：a. 过去分词：His complaints went unnoticed.他的抱怨没人理会。All the men there go armed.那里的男人都带武器。b. 介词短语：This went out of fashion years go. 这许多 年前就 已过时 了。He went off his head.他昏了 头。c.名词：Her rosy face went the colour of cream.她红红的脸变成了 乳白色。Her checks went a very pretty pink.她的双颊变

20、成了 漂亮的 粉红色。8) grow：这个词主要跟形容词，如:The dispute grew more violent.争论越来越激烈。The noise grew louder.声音越来越大。此夕卜还跟 cold, hot, calm, old, big, thin, bright, stuffy, angry, rich, restless, uneasy, worse, fat, dark, fierce, serious, loud, intimate, tall 等。还可跟过去分词：You 11 grow used to it.对此你会习惯的。I grow excited and

21、red-eared, and a little frightened. 我 变得兴奋起来了，耳朵也红了，还有点害怕。偶跟介词短语：It has grown out of fashion. 它已经不时兴了。These ideas have grown out of date.这些观念已经陈旧了。9) keep：在用作系动词时他后面可以跟：a.形容词：The whether is keeping fine.天气一直很晴朗。I hope you are keeping well.我希望你身体（保持）健康。后面还可以跟quiet, silent, calm, fit, cool, warm, fine

22、, close, near 等。b.副词：Danger! Keep out!危险！切勿靠近！He kept apart from the other students. 他不和别的学生待 在一起。c. 介词短语：Please try to keep out of the way.劳驾，请别挡道。We must keep in close contact with the media. 我们必须与 新闻媒体保持密切联系。10) look：做系动词时表示“看起来”，后面可以跟：a.形容词：She looked nervous and apologetic.她显得紧张并有歉意。The case lo

23、oks promising.这案子看起来很有希望。b.过去分词：He looked startled when she came in.她进来时，他显得很 吃惊。She looked very concerned and troubled.她看上去非常忧虑 苦恼。c.名词：Now she looked a grown-up young woman. 现在她看起来已是 一个成年的姑娘了。He looked sadness itself.他显得很凄伤的样子。d. 介词短语：He looked in splendid health.他看上去身体很棒。The whether doesn t look

24、like clearing up. 天看起来不像会放晴。还可以跟副词、数词等：He looks awfully down.他显得很消沉的样子。She looks about fourteen.她看起来约莫十四岁。11) prove：这个词作系动词时表示“事实证明”，后面可以跟：a.形容词：Treat us well： we shall not prove ungrateful, 好好待我们， 我们不会忘恩负义的。The extra room proved very useful. 这间备用 房间证明是很 有用的。b.名词：This would prove an excellent weapon. 这会证明是极好的武 器。It might prove the best plan. 这或可证明是最好的计划。c. 介词短语：Her advice proved of great value to our test. 她的意见证 明对我们的试验很有价值。12) remain：这个词有时用作系动词，表示“继续(处于某种状态)”，后面可 以跟：a.形容词: