2021年12月大学英语四级考试真题.docx

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1、考试真题资料word版2023年最新整理2021 年 12 月大学英语四级考试真题(第 3 套)Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: Suppose you have just participated in a school project of collecting used books on campus. You are now to write a report about the project, which may include its aim, organizers, participants and activities. You w

2、ill have 30 minutes to write the report. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)说明：2021 年 12 月大学英语四级考试全国共考了两套听力。本套的听力内容与第二套相同，因此本套听力部分不再重复给出。Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a

3、 passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices, Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for e

4、ach item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.The sheets are damp with sweat. Youre cold,but your heart is racing as if a killer just chased you down a dark street. I

5、t was just a nightmare, you tell yourself;theres nothing to be afraid of. But yourestill filled with_26Given how unsettling and haunting nightmares can be, is there a way for dreamers to_27 ,or even turn off,these bad dreams as they happen?Researchis_28,butsomestudiessuggestthatpeoplewhocanmasterluc

6、iddreamingthat is, the ability to be_29 that a nightmare is happening and possibly even control it without waking upmay hold the _30Nightmares are part of the human experience, especially for kids. Doctors_31 dont consider occasional nightmares a problem. They can just be symptoms of a sleep disorde

7、r that can _32 from an unpleasant experience, stress, or certain drugs.To treat the disorder, there are a number of medicines and therapies that are backed by_33research, according totheAmericanAcademy ofSleepMedicine,which analyzed the available research on the treatment of nightmare disorder in a

8、recent_34 published in the Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine.However, nightmares are complicated, and researchers are still struggling to understand them, said Dr. Rachel Salas, an expert on sleep disorders and an associate professor at Johns Hopkins Medicine in Baltimore. What we do know is that p

9、eople_35to have different kinds of nightmares at different points during the sleepcycle.A) amountI) mechanicalB) answerJ) resultC) avoidK) reviewD) awareL) rigorousE) departG) fearM)tendO) typicallyF) drasticallyH) limitedN) timiditySection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passa

10、ge with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding

11、 letter on Answer Sheet 2.Why it matters that teens are reading lessA) Most of us spend much more time with digital media than we did a decade ago. But todays teens have grown up with smartphones. Compared with teens a couple ofdecades ago, the way they interact with traditional media like books and

12、 movies is fundamentally different.B) Analysis of surveys of over one million teens in the United States collected since 1976reveals a major shift in how teens are spending their leisure time. Paper books are being ignored, in favor of screens. Digital devices are changing other behaviors, too. More

13、 and more, young people choose spending time on their electronic devices over engaging in other activities, regardless of the type. Indeed, by 2016,the average American high school senior said they spent six hours a day writing text messages, on social media, and online during their free time. And t

14、hat covers just three activities, and if other digital media activities were included, that estimate would no doubt rise. C)Teens did not always spend that much time with digital media. Online time has doubled since 2006, and social media use has moved from a periodic activity to a daily one in the

15、same period. By 2016, nearly nine out of ten young women in the 12th grade said they visited social media sites every day. Meanwhile, time spent playing video games rose from under an hour a day to an hour and a half on average. One out of ten American 8thgrade students in 2016 spent 40 hours a week

16、 or more playing video games. Let me emphasize that this is equal to the time most adults spend per week at work.D) If teens are spending so much time using electronic devices, does that mean theyhave to give up some other activities? Maybe not. Over the years, many scholars have insisted that time

17、online does not necessarily take away time spent engaging with traditional media or on other activities. Some people, they argue, are just more interested in certain kinds of media and entertainment. Thus, using more of one type of media does not necessarily mean less of the other.E) That may be tru

18、e,but that still does not tell us much about what happens across a whole generation of people when time spent on digital media grows. Large surveys conducted over the course of many years tell us that American youth are not going to the cinema nearly as often as they did in the past. While 70 percen

19、t of 8th and 10th grade students used to go to the movies once a month or more, now only about half do this. More and more, watching a movie is something teens choose to do on theirelectronic devices. Why is this a problem? One reason is that going to the cinema is generally a social activity. Now,

20、watching movies is something that most teens do alone. This fits a larger pattern. In another analysis, researchers found that todays teens go out with their friends much less often than previous generations did.F) But the trends related to movies are less disturbing compared with the change in how

21、teens spend their time. Research has revealed an enormous decline in reading. In 1980,about 60 percent of senior high school students said they read a book, newspaper or magazine every day that was not assigned for school. By 2016, only 16 percent did. This is a huge drop and it is important to note

22、 that this was not merely a decline in reading paper books, newspapers or magazines. The survey allowed for reading materials on a digital device.G) Indeed, the number of senior high school students who said they had not read anybooks for pleasure in the last year was one out of three by 2016. That

23、is triple the number from two decades ago. For todays youth, books, newspapers and magazines have less and less of a presence in their daily lives. Of course, teens are still reading. But they are generally reading short texts. Most of them are not reading long articles or books that explore deep th

24、emes and require critical thinking and reflection. Perhaps not accidentally, in 2016 reading scores were the lowest they have ever been since 1972.H) This might present problems for young people later on. When high school studentsgo on to college, their past and current reading habits will influence

25、 their academic performance. Imagine going from reading texts as short as one or two sentences to trying to read entire books written in complex language and containing sophisticated ideas. Reading and comprehending longer books and chapters takes practice, and American teens are no longer getting t

26、hat practice.I) So how can this problem be solved? Should parents and teachers take away teenss smartphones and replace them with paper books? Probably not. Research has shown that smartphones are currently American teens main form of social communication. This means that, without a smartphone, teen

27、s are likely to feel isolated from their peers. However,that does not mean teens need to use electronic devices as often asthey do now. Data connecting excessive digital media time to mental health issues suggests a limit of two hours a day of free time spent with screens, a restriction that will al

28、so allow time for other activitieslike going to the movies with friends or reading longer, more complicated texts.J) The latter is especially important. I would argue that of all the changes brought about by the widespread use of digital devices, the huge decline in reading is likely to have the big

29、gest negative impact on todays teens because reading books and longer articles is one of the best ways to learn critical thinking. It helps people to understand complex issues and to separate fact from fiction. Thus, deep reading is crucial for being a good citizen, a successful college student and

30、a productive employee. If serious reading dies. a lot will go with it.36. Many yearssurveys reveal that young people in America are going to the cinemamuch less often than they used to.37. Survey analysis shows American teens now spend their leisure time on digital devices rather than reading printe

31、d books.38. The number of senior high schoolers not reading books for pleasure in a year increased three times over 20 years.39. Many scholars claim that spending time on electronic devices doesnt necessarily mean a decrease of time for other activities.40. Most people spend much more time interacti

32、ng with digital media than they did ten years ago.41. The author claims that it will be a great loss if we no longer read books and longer articles.42. Over a decade or so, American teens social media use shifted from an occasional activity to a routine one.43. A more disturbing trend in America tod

33、ay is that teens are spending far less time reading than around four decades ago.44. Some five years ago, high school seniors in America generally spent more than six hours a day on electronic devices.45. It was found that American youngsters today dont socialize nearly as much as theearlier generat

34、ions.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2with a single

35、 line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Have you ever wondered how acceptable it is to hug or touch someone? While it may sound safe to avoid all physical contact so as not to offend anyone,the lack of touching might imply cold attitudes or indiffere

36、nce in interpersonal relationships.So, what should we do? The simple answer is to thoroughly learn unique cultural norms for physical contact.In nonverbal communication terminology( 术语),physicalcontact and the study of touching are generally referred to as haptics.Haptics in communication often sugg

37、est the level of intimacy. They are usuallyclassified into two groups: high-contact and low-contact.Asia and quite surprisingly the United States, Canada and Britain belong to low- contact cultures.People from the rest of the world, such as Latin America, are considered to be in high-contact culture

38、s,where they tend to expect touching in social interactionsandfeelmorecomfortablewithphysicalcloseness.Despitethe classification, there are more complex factors such as relational closeness, gender, age, and context that can affect how someone views physical contact.One common French custom of greet

39、ings is cheek-kissing, but it is mostly restricted to friends, close acquaintances and family members. While cheek-kissing for Latin Americans is also a universal greeting form, it does not require such a high degree of relational closeness. However, gender matters more for them because check-kissin

40、goften only happens between women or a man and a woman but not two men.In contrast, in certain Arabian, African, and Asian countries, men can publicly hold hands or show physical affection as signs of brotherhood or friendship while these behaviors may suggest a romantic relationship in other parts

41、of the world. Although mens touching is more normal in these cultures, physical contact between persons of opposite sexes who are not family members is negatively perceived in Arabian countries. These factors could definitely affect the degree to which someone is comfortable with tactile (触觉的) commu

42、nication and physical intimacy. Therefore, ifyou are someone who loves to show physical affection,you should not be afraid toshow it or drastically change your behaviors just ask for consent beforehand!46. What does the author say in the first paragraph about physical contact?A) Its role in interper

43、sonal relationships is getting increasingly important.B) It is becoming more acceptable to many who used to think it offensive.C) Its absence might suggest a lack of warmth in interpersonal relationships.D) It might prompt different responses from people of different social backgrounds.47. What does

44、 physical contact in communication suggest?A) What social class people belong to.B) How civilized the communicators are.C) What family background people come from.D) How close the communicators relationships are.48. What do we learm about people in high-contact cultures?A) They are sensitive to the

45、way people express their emotions.B) They take touching as a cultural norm in social interactions.C) They attach great importance to close ties among people.D) They tend to be more open in interpersonal relationships.49. What do we learn about social customs in Arabian countries?A) Men can show frie

46、ndship in public through physical affection.B) Non-traditional romantic relationships are simply unacceptable.C) Physical contact between unfamiliar people is negatively perceived.D) People of different ages and genders show affection in different ways.50. What does the author tell us to do concerni

47、ng tactile communication?A) Lay emphasis on nonverbal communication.B) Learn to use appropriate body language first.C) Pay attention to the differences between genders.D) Take other peoples preference into consideration.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.From climate ch

48、ange to the ongoing pandemic ( 大流行病) and beyond, the issues facing todays world are increasingly complex and dynamic. Yet solving problems like these requires new approaches that extend beyond traditional ways of thinking. A study led by Yale Professor of Psychology, Paul OKeefe, found that having a growth mindset(思维倾向) of interest may spark this type of innovation.Professor OKeefe established in earlier studies that people hold different beliefs aboutthe nature of interest.Those with a growth mindset of interest tend to