2023年初中英语语法学习之双宾动词和成语动词.docx

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1、2023年初中英语语法学习之双宾动词和成语动词双宾动词(Ditransive Verbs) 成语动词(Phrasal Verbs)双宾动词1)有不少动词后面可以跟两个宾语，前面为间接宾语，后面为直接宾语：主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语TheygrantedUSa loan.Iwill lendyoumy typewriter.Weowedhim100 dollars.Handmethe timetable.间接宾语有时可以放到后面去，不过前面要加介词to,如:They granted a loan to us.Ill lend my typewriter to you.We owed 100 dol

2、lars to him.Hand the timetable to me.常见的这类动词有：accordadvanceawardbringdealforwardgivegrantbandleaseleavelendloanmailofferowepasspayplaypostreadrentrepaysellgo in forhgo off withgo over togo through witgrow out ofthlead up tod tolook out forwithmake up towithrun away withforsuck up tokeep in withkeep

3、on atkeep up wilive up tolook up tomatch up torun off withtake up withlook down onlook forwarmake away withmeasure up torun up againsttalk down tomake offput upstick outtie in withwalk away from walk away with walk off with5）包含名词的动词成语：有些由动词构成的成语包含有一个名词，多数语言学家都不把它们归 入成语动词范围之内，但它们的作用和成语动词是差不多的。这类成 语可分

4、为以下三类：a.动词+名词bear a grudgebreak the icecatch firechange ones mind do right (wrong) face the musicatch glimpses ofcatch sightgive awayhold ones breathkeep companyemperkeep ones wordslose facelose ones headylose weightmake a pointmake lovemake waytake a chancetake stepstake caretake notestake placeb.动

5、词+名词+介词attach importance tooffind fault withget wind ofgo halveshold ones tongue keep ones headkeep silencelose groundlose ones tempermake a fussmake scenemake ones wayplay truanttake a risktake actiontake effecttake offencetake root get hold ofgive credit forhave ones wayhold waterkeep ones tlead t

6、he waylose heartlose ones wamake a hitmake hastemake senseset feettake a seattake aimtake hearttake officetake sidesget rid ofgive place togive rise tohave confidence inonhave pity onlose sight ofmake a mess ofret ofmake a success ofmands onmake eye atmake much ofopay attention toset fire totake car

7、e oftake delight intake liberties withtake leave oftake revenge onC.动词+介词+名词:bring to an endbring under controlgive thought tohave control ofkeep pace withlose touch withmake a note ofmake allowances formake demake friends withmake room forpay tribute toset store bytake control oftake hold oftake no

8、te oftake part intake stock ofbring to lightburst into tearsgive voice tohave designlay hold oflose track ofmake a secmake fun of pay a visit tplay a part intake advantage oftake credit fortake interest intake notice oftake pity onbring to powercall to mindcall to order g come into blossom effectcom

9、e into fashion sightcome to a climax a halt (stop) come to blows come to life fall to pieces go to bed (sleep) have in mind leave to chance put in touch ce put on airs ep) put to death put to shame set on firecatch by surprisecome into conflictcome into powercome to a conclusioncome to fruitioncome

10、to lightget in touchgo to pieceskeep in checkput at easeput into effect (force) put into practiput on weightput to flightput to useset to musiccome into beincome intocome intocome tocome to grief fall into lineget to workgo to wastekeep in mindput in orderput to bed (sleput to rightsset in motionsta

11、nd on ceremonystand to reasontake by surprisetake in handtake into accounttake into considerationtake to heartsend serveshowsingtaketeachtell write 2）另有一批动词，也可跟两个宾语，但把间接宾语放在后部时，要跟两个宾语改为由for引导的短语，如:包含for引导的短语Sing us a song, please.us.Father bought me a camera, mera for me.Fetch me the evening paper,

12、aper for me.Play us some light music.for us.这类动词常见的有：bookbringbuilddesignfetchfindmakemixorderprepare reserve savePlease sing a song forFather bought a caFetch the evening pPlay some light musicbuycookcutfix get leavepaintpickplayset sing spare3）还有少数动词也跟两个宾语，但很少把间接宾语放到句子后面去: (1) 111 never forgive yo

13、u that lie.我永远不会原谅你那次撒谎。I wish you good luck.祝你好运。(3) I envy you your health.我羡慕你的好身体。(4) How dare you ask me such a question?你怎么敢问我这样的问题？(5) She didnt want to cause you any inconvenience.她不想给 你造成不便。(6) The hotel charged me 15 for a room for the night.旅馆这 一晚收了我15英镑的房钱。(7) That suit cost me over 60.那

14、套衣服花了我 60 多英镑。(8) They denied the prisoner all freedom.他们不给那囚犯任何自 由。(9) I want you to promise me one thing.我要求你答应我一件事。(10) She cant refuse him anything.她不能拒绝他任何事情。成语动词有时两个词或三个词在一起构成一个成语，作用和一个单一动词差不 多，称为成语动词。这种动词主要有下面四类：1)不及物动词+副词：The war broke out in 1939.战争于 1939 年爆发。She didnt want to fall behind i

15、n her studies,她不愿意学习落后。How did the accident come about?这事故是怎样发生的？The wind has died down a bit.风平息了 一点。常见的这类动词有：back awayback down back off boil over break awaybreak outcheck up close in cloud over come aboutcome apartcome on come around come up cool offcrop upcut in die away die down die outdoze off

16、drag on drop back drop by drop outcase upfade away fall apart fall behind fall throughfight backflare upfool around forge ahead get aboutget alongget upgive ingo aheadgo alonggo awaygo ongo outgo upgrow uphang together hit outhold onlet uplie backlie down look aheadlook back look inmake offmelt away

17、move offmove over own up pass awaypress aheadpress onpush ahead push on ring offrun awayrun outrush in set in settle downshop aroundsit backsit down speak up stand backstart out stay on stay up step aside step downstep instop by stop off stop over touch downwatch out wear off 2）不及物动词+介词: (1) He coul

18、d not account for his absence from school.他无法解释他为什么缺课。I called on her this morning.今早我拜访了她。I ran across her in the library yesterday.昨天我在图书馆碰到了她。(4) Youd better wait andwatch for a better chance.你最好等等,留心更好的机会。常见的这类成语动词有:abide by break into call on come intoondeal with embark on get at head for leap

19、at look to plan for reckon onaccount forbreak withcare forcome todispose ofenter intoget intohit onlive formake forplay atrun acrossallow forbump intocome acrosscome upondraw onfall into get over jump at live offask after burst intocome by count ondrive atfeel forgo aboutkeep tolook aftermeet withpl

20、ay onrun intopart withprovide forsee tobank on call for come fordawndwell onfrown upongo forlaugh atlook intopick atreason with seize onset about stand forstem from stick attake aftertrifle with wait forwait on watch for有些不及物动词可以跟副词也可以跟介词构成成语动词：不及物动词+副词不及物动词+介词We mustnt lag behind.others.We mustnt l

21、ag behind我们不能落后。我们不能落在别人后 面。They hope to break through soon in this research. The allies s ought to break through the German lines.他们希望这项研究不久 能取得突破。盟军设法突破了德军的防线。We must be getting off now.Then they got off th e bus.现在我们得动身了。随后他们下车了。Lets all join in.He joined in the march.咱们都参加进去。他参加了游行。3)及物动词+副词：(1)

22、He is trying to bring about a reconciliation.他在努力促成和解。(2)111 try to hurry him up.我来设法催促他。(3)The trolley-bus stopped to put down three passengers.电车停下来，让三位乘客下车。(4)They are going to knock down those old houses.他们要拆掉那些老房子。这类成语用词很多，常见的有下面这些：add up answer back back up beat up blow upbreak in break off br

23、eak up bring about bring forwardbring in bring offbring up call back call offcall out carry off carry on carry out catch upcheck in check out cheer up clean out close dowcount out cover upcut out dig updrag in drag out draw upcross out cut down cut offfill up find outgather up get ingive off give up

24、hand down hand inhand outhand over hand roundhave on heat up help outhold out hold uphunt down hurry up hush upkick out knock downknock out knock over lay dowdress up drink up drive out eat up fight offfinish up fix up follow uplay offleave behindleave out let down let inlet off let outlift up look

25、out look upmake out make up order about pass off kmix up note down open uppass over pass round pay bacpay off play downpull apart pull downplay upplug inpoint output forwardput off put onget out give away give backput out run over send up show off ver sort out stick out take back talk over thresh ou

26、t tire out turn away turn out wear output up read out rub out rule outseek out sell offset out shoot downrush through set aside show upspread outsum uptake offtear off throw away tone downturn backturn up win backsee offset offsign upstamp outswitch offtake ontear upslow downstart offswitch ontake o

27、versmooth ostep up take apart take uptell apart think overthrow outtrack downturn downwake upwin overtidy uptry onturn inwarm upwind uptie downtry out turn on wash upwork out也有部分成语动词是由及物动词+介词构成的，如：(1) Dont build on his promises.不要信赖他的诺言。(2) He talked me into changing my job.他说服我改换了工作。They showed her

28、 round the house,他们带她在屋里到处看了(4) She set the children against their father,她让孩子们反对他们的父亲。4)动词+副词+介词：还有一部分成语动词由三个词构成，即“动词+副词+介词、介词后跟 宾语，如：(1) I cant put up with these noisy people.我无法忍受这些嘈杂 的人。(2) You might come up against a bit of opposition.你可能会遭 到一点反对。(3) Dont look down on this kind of work.不要看不起这种工

29、作。(4) rm looking forward to her arrival.我期盼着她的到来。这类成语动词常见的有：be in forboil down tobrush up oncall out forcatch up withcome down oncome down tocomedown withcome in forcome out againstcome out income out ofcome out withcome up againstcome up tocomeup withcrack down oncry out againstcry out forcut backondate back todo away withface up tofall back ofall in withget away withget down toget off withget on toget on withget round togo back on