WTO简明术语分析和总结.docx

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1、w T 0简明木也AAccession加入（世界贸易组织）Acceptable risk level可接受的风险水平ACPAfrican、Caribbean and Pacific非加太国家Actionable subsidy可诉补贴Ad valorem tariff 从价税Aggregate measurement of support （AMS）（农业国内支持）综合支持量Agreement on Agriculture农业协议Agreement on Textiles and Clothing （ATC）纺织品与服装协议Air transport services空运服务Amber box

2、 measures（农业国内支持）“黄箱”措施Annex 附件Annual bound commitment（农业国内支持）年度约束水平Anti-circumvent i on 反规避Anti-competitive practice反竞争行为Anti-dumping duty反倾销税Audiovisual services 视听服务Automatic licensing 自动许可Appendix 附录Appeal （争端解决）上诉Appellate body（争端解决）上诉机构Multilateral trade negotiations (MTNs)多边贸易谈判Mutual recogni

3、tion agreement相互承认协议National treatment国民待遇Natural person自然人Negative standard（原产地）否定标准Neighboring rights（版权）邻接权New issues（世界贸易组织）新议题Non-acti onab 1 e subsi dy不可诉补贴Non-automatic licensing非自动许可Non-d i s criminat i on非歧视Non-violation complaints非违规之诉North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)北美自由贸易协定Noti

4、fication obligation通知义务Non-tariff measures (NTMs)非关税措施Non-trade concern非贸易关切（利益）丧失或减损Nullification or impairment oOffer（谈判）出价Open tendering（政府采购）公开招标有序销售安排Orderly marketing arrangement (OMA)Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OEDC)经济合作与发展组织Original member（世界贸易组织）创始成员Panel争端解决专家组Pa

5、ris convention巴黎公约Patents 专利Peace clause 关于农产品反补贴的和平条款Pest or disease-free area 病虫害非疫区Pirated copyright goods 盗版货Plurilateral agreement 诸边协议Positive standard （原产地）肯定标准Presence of natural person 自然人存在Preshipment inspection装运前检验Price verification （装运前检验）价格核实Price undertaking （反倾销）价格承诺Principal supplyi

6、ng interest 主要供应利益Product mandating requirement产品授权要求Product-to-product method 产品对产品（谈判）方法Production subsidy生产补贴Professional services专业月艮务Prohibited subsidy被禁止的补贴Protocol accession力口入议定书Protocol of Provisional Application of GATT 关贸总协定临时适用协议书QQuads四方集团（至美国、欧盟、日本和加拿大）Quantitative restrictions数量限制Quan

7、tity trigger level（农业特殊保障措施）数量触发水平RReciprocity 对等Recommendations（争端解决）建议Reference years参照年Regional trade agreements 区域贸易协议Request（谈判）要价Responding Party（争端解决）应诉方Restrictive business practices限制性商业惯例Risk analysis风险分析Risk assessment风险评估Roll-back逐步退回Rome convention罗马公约Round（知识产权）使用费Rules of origin原产地规则S

8、Safeguards保障措施Sanitary and phytosanitary(SPS) measures卫生与植物措施Schedule of commitments（服务贸易）承诺表Schedule of concessions（货物贸易）减让表Sectoral negotiations部门谈判Security exceptions安全例外Selective tendering（政府采购）选择性招标Separate customs territory单独关税区Serious injury严重损害Serious prejudice 严重侵害Simple average tariff 简单平均

9、关税Similar product 类似产品Special and differential (S&D)treatment provisions特殊与差别待遇条款Special Drawing Rights (SDRs)(国际货币基金组织)特别提款权Special safeguard (SSG) measures (农产品)特殊保障措施Specific tariff 从量税Specificity (补贴)专项性Standardizing bodies标准化机构Standards 标准Standsti 11维持现状State trading enterprises (STEs)国营贸易企业Sub

10、sidy 补贴Subsidies in general一般补贝占Substantial supplying interest 实质供应利益（产品）实质改变Substantial transformationSuspend concessions暂停减让Tariffs 关税Tariff bindingsTariff classificationTariff concessionsTariff equivalentTariff escalationTariff headingsTarifficationTariff lineTariff peaks关税约束税则归类关税减让关税等值关税升级税目关税化

11、税号关税高峰Tariff rate quotas/ Tariff quotas (TRQ)关税配额Technical assistance技术援助Technical barriers to trade (TBT)技术性贸易壁垒Technical regulationsTelecommunication services电信服务Terms of reference (TOR)（争端解决专家组）职责范围Textile Monitoring Body （TMB）（关税与贸易总协定）纺织品监督机构Textile Surveillance Body (TSB)（关税与贸易总协定）纺织品监督机构Tokyo

12、 Round Codes东京回合守则Total AMS（农业国内支持）综合支持总量贸易平衡要求Trade-balancing requirementTrade facilitation贸易便利化Trade in civil aircraft 民用航空器贸易Trade in goods 货物贸易Trade in services 服务贸易Trademark (TM) 商标Trade Policy Review Body (TPRB)贸易政策审议机构Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM)贸易政策审议机制Trade-related intellectual prop

13、erty rights (TRIPs)与贸易有关的知识产权Trade-related investment measures (TRIMs)Trade remedies贸易救济（措施）Trade-weighted average tariff贸易加权平均关税Transaction Value成交价格Transition economies转型经济体（纺织品）过渡性保障措施Transitional safeguard measuresTransparency 透明度Transport services运输月艮务Trigger prices（农产品特殊保障措施）触发价格UUndisclosed i

14、nformation（知识产权）未公开信息United Nations Conference on Trade and Development 联合国贸易与发展会议Uruguay Round乌拉圭回合Variable duties 差价税Value-added telecommunication services增值电信月艮务Voluntary export restraints (VERs)自愿出口限制WWaiver(义务)豁免Washington Treaty华盛顿条约Withdraw concessions撤回减让World Customs Organization (WCO)世界海关组

15、织World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)世界知识产权组织World Trade Organization (WTO) 世界贸易组织WTO Members世界贸易组织全体成员WTO Secretariat世界贸易组织秘书处Appropriate level of sanitary or phytosanitary protection适当的动植物卫生保护水平Acquisition of intellectual property rights知识产权的获得Arb i trat ion仲裁Areas of low pest or diseas

16、e prevalence病虫害低度流行区Assessment of risk风险评估Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)东南亚国家联盟（东盟）Australia-New Zealand Closer Economic Relations（ANCER）澳大利亚新西兰紧密经济关系协定Berne Convent ion伯尔尼公约Base tariff level 基础税率Basic Instrument and Selected Documents (BISD)Basic telecommunication services 基础电信月艮务基本

17、文件和资料选编Best information available（反倾销）可获得的最佳信息Blue box measures（农业国内支持）“蓝箱”措施Balance-of-payments (BOP) provisions际收支条款Built-in agenda（世界贸易组织）既定议程Business services商务服务Bound level约束水平Bretton Woods Conference布雷顿森林会议Cairns Group凯恩斯集团Causal link 因果联系Ceiling bindings （关税）上限约束Central Product Classification

18、 （CPC）（联合国）中心产品分类Challenge Procedures （政府采购）质疑程序Clean report of findings 检验结果清洁报告书Codex Alimentarius Commission （CAC）食品法典委员会Common Agriculture Policy （CAP）（欧洲共同体）共同农业政策Communicat ion services通信月艮务Cone iliation调解Confidential information 机密信息、Conformity assessment procedures 合格评定程序C ircumvent i on规避Co

19、mbined tariff 复合税Commercial presence （服务贸易）商业存在Committee on Trade and Development （CTD） 贸易与发展委员会Committee on Trade and Environment （CTE）贸易与环境委员会Compensation 补偿Competition policy竞争政策Complaining party（争端解决）申诉方Computed value计算价格Consensus协商一致Constructed value （反倾销）结构价格Consultation 磋商Consumption abroadCo

20、pyright 版权（服务贸易）境外消费Council for Trade in Goods (CTG)货物贸易理事会Counterfeit trademark goods 冒牌货Counter-notification反向通知Countervailing dutyContraction partiesCross border supplyCross retaliation反补贴税关税与贸易总协定缔约方（服务贸易）跨境交付交叉报复Currency retention scheme 货币留成制度Current market access (CMA)现行市场准入Current total AMS(

21、农业国内支持)现行综合支持量Customs duty关税Customs tariff海关税率，海关税则Customs value海关完税价值Customs valuation海关估价Customs union关税同盟Developed member发达成员Developing member发展中成员Direct payment（农业国内支持）直接支付Distribution services分销服务Domestic industry内产业Domestic subsidy国内补贴Domestic support（农业）国内支持Dispute Settlement Body争端解决机构Domest

22、ic production 国内生产国内销售要求Domestic sales requirementUnderstanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes (DSU)关于争端解决规则与程序的谅解Due restraint(对农产品反补贴)适当克制Dumping 倾销Dumping margin倾销幅度EEconomies in transition转型经济体Enabling clause授权条款Enforcement of intellectual property rights 知识产权法Equiv

23、alence(检验检疫标准)等效性European Communities (EC) 欧洲共同体European Free Trade Association (EFTA)欧洲自由贸易联盟Electronic commerce电子商务Enquiry point 咨询点European Union欧洲联盟Exhaustion of intellectual property rights知识产权权利用尽Existing subject matter（知识产权）现有客体Ex officio依职权Export credit 出 口信贷Export credit guarantee出口信贷担保Expo

24、rt subsidy 出 口补贴FFall-back method（海关估价）“回顾”方法Findings争端解决调查结果First-come first served先来先得（FAO）联合国粮农组织Food and Agriculture Organization of the United NationsFood security粮食安全Foreign direct investment （FDD外国直接投资Foreign exchange balancing requirement夕卜汇平衡要求Free-rider搭便车（指根据最惠国待遇享受其他成员贸易减让而不进行相应减让的成员）Fre

25、e trade area 自由贸易区GATT 19471947年关税与贸易总协定GATT 19941994年关税与贸易总协定General Agreement on Trade in Service (GATS)服务贸易总协定General Agreement on Tariff and Trade (GATT)关税与贸易总协定General Council总理事会General exceptions一般例外Geographical indications(知识产权)地理标识Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO) 转基因生物Good offices 斡旋Gov

26、ernment procurement 政府采购Green box measures (农业国内支持)“绿箱措施Grey area measures 灰色区域措施General Preferential System (GPS) 普惠制H商品名称及编码协调制度Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System (HS)Havana Charter哈瓦那宪章Horizontal commitments（服务贸易）水平承诺Identical product相同产品Illustrative list例示清单Import deposits进口押金Imp

27、ortlicensing进口许可Importsubstitution 进口替代Importsurcharge 进口附加税Importvariable duties进口差价税Industrial designs 工业设计Infant industry 幼稚产业Information Technology Agreement (ITA)信息技术协议Injunctions 禁令Initial negotiating rights (INRs):初谈判权（初谈权）Integration process一体化进程Intellectual property rights (IPRs)知识产权Interna

28、l taxes国内税InternationalLabor Organization (ILO )国际劳工组织InternationalMonetary Fund (IMF)国际货币基金组织InternationalOrganization for Standardization (ISO)国际标准化组织InternationalPlant Protection Convention国际植物保护公约InternationalTextile and Clothing Bureau（ITCB）国际纺织品与服装局InternationalTrade Organization (ITO)国际贸易组织In

29、ternationalTrade Center (ITC )际贸易中心InternationalBankfor Reconstruction and Development 国际复兴开发银行Judicial review司法审议Judicial person（服务贸易）法人Layout-designs (Topographies) of integrated circuits 集成电路外观设计(拓扑图)最不发达国家Least-developed countries (LDCs)License fee（知识产权）许可费Like product同类产品Limited tendering（政府采购）

30、有限招标Local content requirement当地含量要求Local equity requirement当地股份要求Mad-cow disease疯牛病知识产权的维护Maintenance of intellectual property rightsMaritime transport services海运月艮务Market access市场准入Market boards市场营销机构Market price support市场价格支持Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization建立世界贸易组织马拉喀什

31、协定Marrakesh protocol马拉喀什协定书Material injury实质损害Medication调停最低市场准入Minimum market access (MMA)Minimum values（海关估价）最低限价最惠国待遇Most-favored-nation treatment (MFN)MFN exemptions（服务贸易）最惠国待遇例外Ministerial conference部长级会议Modalities模式Modulation of quota clause（保障措施）配额调整条款Movement of natural persons自然人流动Multi-Fiber Arrangement (MFA)多种纤维协定