高中英语2019年新增词汇讲解.docx

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1、1. about prep.关于；在.周围；在.各处；在.附近；（时间上）在前后（或左右）ad.在四周；到处2. allowance n.津贴，补贴；零用钱Many children first learn the value of money by receiving an allowance.很多孩子首先通过领取津贴来学习金钱的价值。3. alphabetn.（一种语言的）全部字母，字母表；初步，入门；基础知识V lies in U and W in the English alphabet.在英语字母表中，V位于u与w之间。4. annual adj.每年的； 年度的n.年刊She wi

2、ll help Wendy prepare her annual report.她将帮助温迪准备她的年度报告。Kings College Summer School is an annual training program fbr high school students at all levels who want to improve their English.国王学院暑假学校是一项针对各级高中生，希望提高英语水平的年度培训课程。5. anymore adv.再也（不），（不）再He noticed that he didnt think about smoking anymore.他

3、注意到不再考虑吸烟了。You wont have any excuse to skip class anymore.你不会存在任何理由再逃课了。6. appn.（下载到智能手机或平板电脑等设备上使用的）应用软件；应用程序（application的缩略）You may be surprised by how much you dish out on Starbucks after using the app for a while.在使用该设备应用程序一段时间后，您有可能惊讶地发现星巴克的菜肴数量。7. applaudvt.向鼓掌；向喝彩；称赞vi.鼓掌；喝彩8. .叩pliancen.器具；器

4、械 日常的责任心表现为准时，勤勉工作，自律，谨慎履行职责。52. rockn.撬动，摇摆，摇滚乐（或舞）v.（使）摇动，（使）摇摆，走摇滚乐，跳摇滚舞When I came back inside, light and air bursting in with me, Grandma, her hair up, would rock a little and smile.当我回到里面的时候，光线和空气一起进来，奶奶微笑着，她的头发也摇动着。What a wonderful performance! Your rock band has never sounded better.真是太棒的表演，

5、你的摇滚乐队演奏的太棒了53. subjectn.学科，科目；主题，题材adj.易受的；常受的；易患的（to）vt.使服从，使经受，使遭受，使易受（to）Because toys can be generally regarded as a kind of art form, they have not been subject to technological leaps that characterize inventions for adult use.由于玩具通常被视为一种艺术形式，因此它们从来受到那些为成年人使用的技术进步的影响。Many cyclists even believe

6、that they are not subject to the basic rules of the road.许多骑车者甚至认为他们不受道路基本规则的约束。54. suspicion n.怀疑；疑心This gains from trade logic often arouses suspicion, because the benefits seem to come from nowhere.贸易逻辑带来的收益往往引起怀疑，因为似乎没有什么好处。Because he wasnt very confident about his suspicion, he used a three-ste

7、p process to search for the truth.因为他对自己的怀疑不是很自信，所以他用了三个步骤来寻找真相。55. volcano n. JlJL|It was not plausible that a solo volcano could bring about such chaos.一个火山就带来引起这种的混乱似乎不是很合理。56. whereadv.在哪里，到哪里conj.在.处；到的地方Dont waste time worrying about where your competition is.不要浪费时间担心竞争对手的位置。Leaving situations

8、 that fail to bring you joy can leave you with sufficient time to explore where your heart is truly leading you.离开不能带给你快乐的的环境可以使你有充分的时间探索心之向往之地。57. windvi.弯曲前进；迂回；（缠绕）；上发条vt.绕；包；裹；给L发条But as my creativity wound down , a new thought popped up.但是当我的创造力收到限制时，突然想到一个新想法。The insight into how whales hear m

9、ight explain whether sonar testing by military ships is causing the animals to wind up on beaches.关于鲸鱼如何听到的研究新观点可能会解释军舰的声呐测试是否会导致动物在海难上死亡的原因。58. worseadj.更坏的，更糟的；健康状况更坏的adv.更坏；更糟；健康状况更坏地Unusual weather indicates that our living environment is getting worse, which is the warning to us from nature.不寻常

10、的天气表明我们的生活环境正在恶化，这是我们对大自然的警示。A hot drink makes me feel much better and a cold drink would make me feel worse.喝一杯热饮让我感觉好多了，而喝冷饮会让我感觉更糟。59. worsta.最坏的；最糟的；健康状况最坏的adv.最坏地；更糟地；最有害地This was the period of the worst deforestation.这是最严重的森林砍伐时期。The worst time to look for a job is when you feel desperate and

11、must have a new one immediately.寻找工作的最糟糕时间是当你感到绝望并且必须立即换新工作时。They will be able to collect real-time information on their energy for each appliance.他们将能够收集有关每个器械的能源使用情况的实时信息。9. applicationn.应用，申请表；（计）应用程序I was actually hoping you could write me a reference letter for my law school application.我实际上希望你

12、能够给我写一封我的法学院申请的推荐信。The robotic fly has been put into wide application.机器苍蝇已经被广泛地应用。10. arousevt.唤醒；引起；使.奋发；使.行动起来vi.醒来；发声Welcome to a never-before-seen world of wonder where you can arouse the magical dream within you heart.欢迎来到一个前所未有的奇迹世界，在这里你可以唤起内心的神奇梦想。But T strongly support this kind of activity

13、 which may arouse peoples concern about the environment by using less power.但我强烈支持这种可能会通过减少电的方式来引起人们对环境的关注的活动。11. arrive vi.到达，到来；达成（at）Too many studies test too few subjects to arrive at firm conclusions.太多的研究测试的受试者太少，无法得出确切的结论。12. awakeadj.醒着的；意识到；认识到（to ）vi.醒；觉醒Perhaps keeping one side of the bra

14、in awake allows a sleeping animal to surface occasionally to avoid drowning.也许保持大脑的一侧清醒可以使睡眠动物偶尔浮出水面以避免溺水。13. awakenvt.唤醒；使意识到；认识到的（to）vi.醒；觉醒；认识到（to）Not only does travelling force you to awaken your inner word bank, but it also teaches you about the large number of cultural quirks.旅行不仅使你认识到你内心文字库，而

15、且还教会你大量文化怪癖。We suddenly awaken to the realization that our friendship was over.我们突然意识到我们的友谊结束了。14. backgroundn.背景；背景资料；出身背景Success does not depend on family background, but depends on diligence and good family education.成功不取决于家庭背景，而是取决于勤奋和良好的家庭教育。15. bargainn.协定，协议；特价商品；交易；廉价（品）vi.讨价；讨价还价The cost of

16、 tuition and the availability of financial aid are other considerations, with public institutions generally a better financial bargain than private ones.学费和经济援助的可用性是其他考虑因素，公共机构通常比私人机构更便宜。16. bed n.床；就寝时间；（河床）（湖、海的）底Your mind may start to connect your bed with work, which will make it harder for you

17、to fall asleep.你的思维可能会开始将你的床与工作链接起来，这将使你更难入睡。17. behalfn.利益；方面；支持on behalf of代表.一方；作为的代言人；为了 的利益Many adults in counselling sessions still recall with gratitude the one time that a stranger stepped in on the behalf咨询会议中的许多成年人仍然感激地回忆起一个陌生人进来代表他们MPAA is a nonprofit organization formed by six large stud

18、ios to work on behalf of the film industry.MPAA是由六家大型工作室组成的非盈利组织，代表电影业工作。18. behavevi.举止端正；表现vt. （ behave oneself）检点（自己的）行为Parents must provide the best environment and behave themselves better.父母必须提供最好的环境，让自己更好地行事。19. bonusn额外给予的东西；奖金；津贴I have found that having male nurse is a real bonus, and they

19、definitely have a place in our hospital.我发现有男护士在医院真是一件好的事情，他们显然在我们医院占有重要地位。Parents and teachers are sometimes reluctant to offer a reward to a young person for doing something he or she should” like for its own sakea monetary bonus for reading a book , for example.父母和老师有时不愿意给年轻人奖励，即使他做了本身应该做的-例如，为读一

20、本的金钱奖励。20. boomn.低沉有回响的声音；隆隆声；嗡嗡声；（经济等思维）繁荣（期）；（价格等的）暴涨；（事业等的）突 然豪装V.发出低沉有回响的声音；发出隆隆声（或嗡嗡声）；使繁荣；（使）迅速发展Maybe the books boom has affected only the top of the educational pile.也许书籍繁荣只影响了教育的最高层。Websites about dieting would boom.关于节食的网站会迅速发展。21. botanyn.植物学；（一个地区）植物生态Workshops are very loosely organized

21、 and most represent discussion that have been held at Society for Economic Botany （SEB） meeting over a series of years.研讨会组织得非常松散，大多数代表了多年来在经济植物学（SEB）会议上进行 的讨论。22. bown.弧形物；弓；弓形物Practicing fighting with a sword and using a bow and arrow skillfully.练习用剑战斗，巧妙地使用弓箭 23. brochuren.小册子，情况介绍手册People with G

22、lobe-trotter tickets can take any kind of the discounts listed in the brochure.拥有Globe-trotter门票可以享受手册中列出的任何折扣。n.餐具架（或柜）；自助餐；快餐With sandcastle contests, Swedish buffet night, and family bingo, this classic northern Minnesota lodge is right out Garrison Keillor.这家经典的明尼苏达州北部小屋位于Garrison Keillor的对面，提供沙

23、堡比赛25. categoryn.种类，类，类别Common bacteria, which have been known to survive in many environments that support no other form of life, fall into this category.已知在许多不支持其他生活形式的环境中存活的常见细菌属于这一类。26. caution n.小心，谨慎，警告Educators urge caution in using a ranking table and emphasize that better choice for one stu

24、dent may be very different for教育工作者在使用排名表时要求谨慎，并强调一个学生的更好选择可能与另一个学生的选择截然不同Cell phone users err on the side of caution until more definitive studies can be conducted.手机用户在谨慎方面犯了错误，直到可以进行更明确的研究27. centigrade adj.摄氏的；百分度的 n.摄氏In Finland the temperature is something 40 degrees below zero centigrade.28.

25、chaptern.（书等）章，回，篇You are supposed to read the chapter about which I will be lecturing before you come to class.在你上课之前，你应该阅读我将要讲授的章节29.check v.检查；核对；（使）突然停止 n.检查；核对；（主美）支票Be sure to check ahead of time what you will need for each activity.请务必提前检查每项活动所需的内容People with destructive patterns should check

26、 their lives for signs of unresolved pain.具有破坏性模式的人应该检查他们的生活是否有未解决的疼痛迹象.30. climaten.气候；（某一社会、时期等的）风气；环境气氛This, along with considerable leisure time plus favorable climate, all contribute to Australians, relaxed attitude.这一点，以及相当多的休闲时间和有利的气氛，都有助于澳大利亚人放松的态度。The financial climate, the job market, fami

27、ly tensions, Obama moving into the Lincoln bedroom.金融气候，就业市场，家庭紧张局势，奥巴马搬入林肯卧室31. contentvt.使满意，使满足adj.满意的，满足的n.满意，满足Few of us are content to accept ourselves as we are.我们很少有人满足于接受自己。They are happy so long as their children are content.只要孩子满意，他们就会很开心。32. crawlvi.n爬，爬行；匍匐行进；缓慢（或费劲）地进行They may be so sm

28、all that they can crawl along the edge of a coin.他们可能很小，以至于他们可以沿着硬币的边缘爬行。33. dinosaurn.恐龙A collection of more than 30,0000 ancient fossils, including dinosaur skeletons, are facing the risk of destruction in Hebei Province, north China, unless effective measures are taken to protect them from furthe

29、r damage.除非采取有效措施保护他们免受进一步破坏，否则包括恐龙骨骼在内的3万多件古代化石的收藏将面对破坏风险。34. discouragevt ,使泄气，使灰心，阻止；阻挡 When conscientiousness takes the form of living up to expectations, it can discourage creativity.当责任感采取期望的形式时，它可以阻挡创造力。Some people are discouraged by failure while others dont believe in this way.有些人因失败而泄气，而有些

30、人则不相信这种方式。35. emergencyn.紧急情况，急症（病人）When a call comes in , a worker in the emergency center answers the phone quickly , writes down the callers information, and then helps the caller the emergency agency.当有来电时，紧急中心的工作人员会快速接听电话，记下来来点者的信息，然后帮助来电者联系应急机构。36. everadv.在任何时候,从来Despite the great effort made

31、 by governments, more effective measures should be made to deal with the ever worsening problem of global warming.尽管各国政府付出了巨大努力，但应采取更有效的措施来应对日益恶化的全球变暖问题。37. fulladj.（充）满的，完全的，（口）饱的Take full advantage of what matters most充分利用最关键的部分The hospitals in Qatar were full at that time.那时卡塔尔的医院已经满员了。38. fundam

32、entaladj.基本的；基础的；主要的When it comes to investing in such staff training, however, there is a fundamental paradox.然而，当涉及员工培训时，存在一个基本的矛盾。The hill was a fundamental part of my childhood life.山是我童年生活的主要的组成部分。39. genius n.天才，天赋，天才人物 If you wanted to picture how a typical genius might develop, youd take a g

33、irl who possessed a slightly above average language ability.如果你想描绘一个典型的天才是如何发展的，你会选择一一个拥有略高于平均水平的语言能力的女孩。40. graveadj.认真的，严肃的，庄严的，严重的，重大Nobody could have failed to notice the fact that drunken driving has been a grave problem with which we are confronted.没有人能够注意到醉酒驾驶一直是我们面临的严重问题The manager was a gra

34、ve, calm man.经理是一个严肃，冷静的人。41. kangarooThanks to special bacteria in their stomachs, kangaroo flatulence contains no methane and scientists want to transfer that bacteria to cattle and sheep who produce large quantities of the harmful gas.由于胃里有特殊的细菌，袋鼠肠胃气胀不含甲烷，科学家们希望将这种细菌转移到产生大量有害气体的牛羊身上。42. marathon

35、 n.马拉松赛跑One must be able to cover the Half Marathon within 3.5 hours.43. modifyvt修改，更改，缓和，修饰I consider how I might modify some of the things that Im doing.我考虑如何修改我正在做的一些事情。How do scientists modify a plant so that it makes more food than its parents did?科学家如何改变植物以使其父母跟过地摄取食物？44. mutualadj.相互的，彼此的；共有的

36、To promote mutual understanding, they should listen to each other and ask question.为了促进相互理解，他们应该相互倾听并提出问题。Co-rumination is the mutual encouragement to discuss problems repeatedly going over the same problem, anticipating future problems and focusing on negative feelings.共同反思是相互鼓励，可以反复讨论问题，预测未来的问题并关注

37、负面情绪。45. Mythn.神话；谎言；（美语事实根据的）虚构信念（或观点、理论）This workshop will expose the myth of a social change-maker.本次研讨会将会呈现一位社会变革者的神话。The myth that shy people are less effective leaders than their outgoing fellows is just a misunderstanding.害羞的人比那些比起其他开朗的人不会是更有效率的领导者的挂点是一种误解 -46. nonfiction.n.非小说类文学作品；写实作品The d

38、egree of involvement of the ghostwriter in nonfiction writing projects ranges from minor to significant.代笔作家在非小说写作项目中的参与程度从轻微变得重要。47. noveln.（长篇）小说I thought the novel was going to be really boring.我觉得这部小说真的很无聊。48. onion n.洋葱Then he added two slices of notion.然后他又加了两片洋葱。50. preyn.猎物，捕猎物；捕食vi.捕食low pr

39、ey population levels then provide inadequate food for the predators, causing the predator population to decrease.猎物的数量少，提供给捕食者的食物就不充足，这样就导致捕食者的数量减低。In the Jurassic and Cretaceous, they were prey as well as predator and often had to make a speedy exit as a result.在侏罗纪和白奎纪，它们既是猎物也是捕食者，因此不得迅速退出。51. punctual adj.守时的；准时的Mr. Zhang said that he would punctual for the appointment, but what if he were late?张先生说他会准时赴约，但是如果他迟到了怎么办？The everyday signs of conscientiousness being punctual, careful in doing work, self disciplined, and scrupulous in attending to responsibilities.