2022高考英语真题【全国新高考I卷】.pdf

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1、绝 密 启 用 前 试 卷 类 型：A2022年 普 通 高 等 学 校 招 生 全 国 统 一 考 试 英 语 本 试 卷 共 10页，满 分 120分。考 试 用 时 120分 钟。注 意 事 项：1.答 卷 前，考 生 务 必 用 黑 色 字 迹 钢 笔 或 签 字 笔 将 自 己 的 姓 名、考 生 号、考 场 号 和 座 位 号 填 写 在 答 题 卡 上。用 2B铅 笔 将 试 卷 类 型（A）填 涂 在 答 题 卡 相 应 位 置 上。将 条 形 码 横 贴 在 答 题 卡 右 上 角“条 形 码 粘 贴 处”。因 笔 试 不 考 听 力，选 择 题 从 第 二 部 分 的“阅

2、读”开 始，试 题 序 号 从“21”开 始。2.作 答 选 择 题 时，选 出 每 小 题 答 案 后，用 2B铅 笔 把 答 题 卡 上 对 应 题 目 选 项 的 答 案 信 息 点 涂 黑；如 需 改 动，用 橡 皮 擦 干 净 后，再 选 涂 其 他 答 案，答 案 不 能 答 在 试 卷 上。3.非 选 择 题 必 须 用 黑 色 字 迹 钢 笔 或 签 字 笔 作 答，答 案 必 须 写 在 答 题 卡 各 题 目 指 定 区 域 内 相 应 位 置 上；如 需 改 动，先 划 掉 原 来 的 答 案，然 后 再 写 上 新 的 答 案；不 准 使 用 铅 笔 和 涂 改 液。不

3、 按 以 上 要 求 作 答 的 答 案 无 效。4.考 生 必 须 保 持 答 题 卡 的 整 洁。考 试 结 束 后，将 试 卷 和 答 题 卡 一 并 交 回。第 二 部 分 阅 读（共 两 节，满 分 5 0分）第 一 节（共 1 5小 题；每 小 题 2.5 分，满 分 37.5 分）阅 读 下 列 短 文，从 每 题 所 给 的 A、B、C、D四 个 选 项 中 选 出 最 佳 选 项。AGrading Policies for Introduction to LiteratureGrading Scale90-100,A;80-89,B;70-79,C;60-69,D;Below

4、 60,E.Essays（60%）Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for this course:Essay 1=10%;Essay 2=15%;Essay 3=15%;Essay 4=20%.Group Assignments（30%）Students will work in groups to complete four assignments（作 业）during the course.All the assignments will besubmitted by the as

5、signed date through Blackboard,our online learning and course management system.Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Tests/Group Work/Homework（10%）Class activities will vary from day to day,but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or tests drawndirectly from assigned readings or no

6、tes from the previous class5 lecture/discussion,so it is important to take careful notesduring class.Additionally,from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to becompleted at home,both of which will be graded.Late WorkAn essay not submitted in class on t

7、he due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late.If it is not turnedin by the 4th day after the due date,it will earn a zero.Daily assignments not completed during class will get a zero.Shortwritings missed as a result of an excused absence will be accepted.21.Where is this text

8、 probably taken from?A.A textbook.B.An exam paper;C.A course plan.D.An academic article.22.How many parts is a students final grade made up of?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.23.What will happen if you submit an essay one week after the due date?A.You will receive a zero.B.You will lose a letter grade.C

9、.You will be given a test.D.You will have to rewrite it.BLike most of us,I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste.The arugula（芝 麻 菜）was to make a nice green salad,rounding out a roast chicken dinner.But I ended up working late.Then friends called with a dinner invitation.I stuck thechicken in

10、the freezer.But as days passed,the arugula went bad.Even worse,I had unthinkingly bought way too much;Icould have made six salads with what I threw out.In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry,4tfbod waste goes against the moral grain,as ElizabethRoyte writes in this months cover

11、story.jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away-from“ugly”（but quite eatable）vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans.Producing food that no one eats wastes the water,fuel,and other resources used to grow it.That makes food

12、waste anenvironmental problem.In fact,Royte writes,“If food waste were a country,it would be the third largest producer ofgreenhouse gases in the world.If thats hard to understand,lefs keep it as simple as the arugula at the back of my refrigerator.Mike Curtin sees myarugula story all the time but f

13、or him,its more like 12 boxes of donated strawberries nearing their last days.Curtin isCEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington,D.C.,which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals.Last year itrecovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished（有 瑕 疵 的）produce

14、thatotherwise would have rotted in fields.And the strawberries?Volunteers will wash,cut,and freeze or dry them for use inmeals down the road.Such methods seem obvious,yet so often we just dont think.Everyone can play a part in reducing waste,whether bynot purchasing more food than necessary in your

15、weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish youwont eat.Curtin says.24.What does the author want to show by telling the arugula story?A.We pay little attention to food waste.C.We waste more vegetables than meat.25.What is a consequence of food waste according to the text?A.

16、Moral decline.C.Energy shortage.26.What does Curtins company do?A.It produces kitchen equipment.C.It helps local farmers grow fruits.27.What does Curtin suggest people do?A.Buy only what is needed.C.Go shopping once a week.B.We waste food unintentionally at times.D.We have good reasons for wasting f

17、ood,B.Environmental harm.D.Worldwide starvation.B.It turns rotten arugula into clean fuel.D.It makes meals out of unwanted food.B.Reduce food consumption.D.Eat in restaurants less often.The elderly residents（居 民）in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely.T

18、he project was dreamed up by a local charity（慈 善 组 织）to reduce loneliness and improve elderly peoples wellbeing.It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia,a serious illness of the mind.Staff in care homes have reported areduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use.Among thos

19、e taking part in the project is 80-year-old Ruth Xavier.She said:UI used to keep hens when I was youngerand had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school.“I like the project a lot.I am down there in my wheelchair in the morning letting the hens out and down there again atnight

20、to see theyve gone to bed.“Its good to have a different focus.People have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents come andsit outside to watch them.Tm enjoying the creative activities,and it feels great to have done something usefiil.”There are now 700 elderly people looking af

21、ter hens in 20 care homes in the North East,and the charity has been givenfinancial support to roll it out countrywide.Wendy Wilson,extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street,one of the first to embark on the project,said:Residentsreally welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions.We are

22、looking forward to the benefits and fun the projectcan bring to people here.,Lynn Lewis,director of Notting Hill Pathways,said:4 4We are happy to be taking part in the project.It will really helpconnect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.28.What is the purpose of the pro

23、ject?A.To ensure harmony in care homes.B.To provide part-time jobs for the aged.C.To raise money for medical research.D.To promote the elderly peoples welfare.29.How has the project affected Ruth Xavier?A.She has learned new life skills.C.She has recovered her memory.B.She has gained a sense of achi

24、evement.D.She has developed a strong personality.30.What do the underlined words“embark on“mean in paragraph 7?A.Improve.B.Oppose.C.Begin.D.Evaluate.31.What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs?A.It is well received.C.It is highly profitable.B.It needs to be more creative.D.It

25、 takes ages to see the results.Human speech contains more than 2,000 different sounds,from the common m”and a to the rare clicks of somesouthern African languages.But why are certain sounds more common than others?A ground-breaking,five-year studyshows that diet-related changes in human bite led to

26、new speech sounds that are now found in half the worlds languages.More than 30 years ago,the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals,such as f and v,were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods.Now a team of researchers led by Damian Blasi at theU

27、niversity of Zurich,Switzerland,has found how and why this trend arose.They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned（对 齐），making it hard toproduce labiodentals,which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth.Later,our jaws changed to an overb

28、itestructure（结 构），making it easier to produce such sounds.The team showed that this change in bite was connected with the development of agriculture in the Neolithic period.Food became easier to chew at this point.The jawbone didnt have to do as much work and so didnt grow to be so large.Analyses of

29、 a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages afterthe Neolithic age,with the use of f and V9 increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years.These sounds arestill not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today.This resea

30、rch overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolvedaround 300,000 years ago.uThe set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance ofhuman beings,but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the p

31、roduct of a complex interplay ofthings like biological change and cultural evolution J said Steven Moran,a member of the research team.32.Which aspect of the human speech sound does Damian Blasis research focus on?A.Its variety.B.Its distribution.C.Its quantity.D.Its development.33.Why was it diffic

32、ult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals?A.They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth.B.They could not open and close their lips easily.C.Their jaws were not conveniently structured.D.Their lower front teeth were not large enough.34.What is paragraph 5 mainly about?A.Supporting evidence

33、 for the research results.B.Potential application of the research findings.C.A further explanation of the research methods.D.A reasonable doubt about the research process.35.What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds?A.It is key to effective communication.B.It contributes much t

34、o cultural diversity.C.It is a complex and dynamic system.D.It drives the evolution of human beings.第 二 节（共 5 小 题；每 小 题 2.5分，满 分 12.5分）阅 读 下 面 短 文，从 短 文 后 的 选 项 中 选 出 可 以 填 入 空 白 处 的 最 佳 选 项。选 项 中 有 两 项 为 多 余 选 项。Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled“Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Part

35、ner.One reason was:“YouH actually show up if you know someone is waiting fbr you at the gym,while another read:36 With aworkout partner,you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle（微 妙）competition.So,how do you find a workout partner?First of all,decide what you want from that person.

36、37 Or do you just want to be physically fit,able to movewith strength and flexibility?Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media,but it probably wont result in a usefulresponse.38 If you plan on work

37、ing out in a gym,that person must belong to the same gym.My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park.Her notice included what kind of training she wantedto do,how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session,and her age.It also listed herfavorite spor

38、ts and activities,and provided her phone number.39You and your partner will probably have different skills.40 Over time,both of you will benefit-your partnerwill be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit.The core（核 心、）of your relationship is that youwill always be there to

39、 help each other.A.Your first meeting may be a little awkward.B.A workout partner usually needs to live close by.C.Youll work harder if you train with someone else.D.Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport?E.How can you write a good seeking training partner”notice?F.Just accept you

40、r differences and learn to work with each other.G.Any notice for a training partner should include such information.第 三 部 分 语 言 运 用（共 两 节，满 分 3 0分）第 一 节（共 15小 题；每 小 题 1分，满 分 15分）阅 读 下 面 短 文，从 每 题 所 给 的 A、B、C、D 四 个 选 项 中 选 出 可 以 填 入 空 白 处 的 最 佳 选 项。My husband,our children and I have had wonderful cam

41、ping experiences over the past ten years.Some of our 41 are funny,especially from the early years when our children were little.Once,we 42 alongChalk Creek.I was 43 that our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek（小 溪）.I tied a rope around his waist tokeep him near to our spot.That lasted about t

42、en minutes.He was 44,and his crying let the whole campground know it.So 45 tying him up,I just kept a close eye on him.It 46-he didnt end up in the creek.My three-year-old,however,did.Another time,we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake.The sky was clear when we 47,but storms move in fast in themountains

43、,and this one quickly 48 our peaceful morning trip.The 49 picked up and thunder rolled.Myhusband stopped fishing to 50 the motor.Nothing.He tried again.No 51.We were stuck in the middle of thelake with a dead motor.As we all sat there 52,a fisherman pulled up,threw us a rope and towed（拖）us back.We w

44、ere5 3.Now,every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage,we are filled with a sense of 54,wondering what camping fun and 55 we will experience next.41.A.ideas B.jokes C.memories D.discoveries42.A.camped B.drove C.walked D.cycled43.A.annoyed B.suiprised C.disappointed D.worried44.A.un

45、hurt B.unfortunate C.uncomfortable D.unafraid45.A.due to B.instead of C.apart from D.as for46.A.worked B.happened C.mattered D.changed47.A.signed up B.calmed down C.checked out D.headed off48.A.an-anged B.interrupted C.completed D.recorded49.A.wind B.noise C.temperature D.speed50.A.find B.hide C.sta

46、rt D.fix51.A.luck B.answer C.wonder D.signal52.A.patiently B.tirelessly C.doubtfully D.helplessly53.A.sorry B.brave C.safe D.right54.A.relief B.duty C.pride D.excitement55.A.failure B.adventure C.performance D.conflict第 二 节(共 10小 题；每 小 题 L 5分，满 分 15分)阅 读 下 面 短 文，在 空 白 处 填 入 1个 适 当 的 单 词 或 括 号 内 单 词

47、的 正 确 形 式。The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP),56(cover)anarea about three times 57 size of Yellowstone National Park,the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in thecountry.The plan will extend protection to a significant number of area

48、s that 58(be)previously unprotected,bringingmany of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority 59(increase)effectiveness and reduceinconsistencies in management.After a three-year pilot period,the GPNP will be officially set up next year.The GPNP 60(design)to reflect theguidin

49、g principle of protecting the authenticity and integrity(完 整 性)of natural ecosystems,preserving biologicaldiversity,protecting ecological buffer zones,61 leaving behind precious natural assets(资 产)for future generations”.The GPNPs main goal is to improve connectivity between separate 62(population)a

50、nd homes of giant pandas,and63_(eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild.Giant pandas also serve 64 an umbrella species(物 种)，bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in thesouthwestern and northwestern parts of China.The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection fo