45分钟-外研英语选修8-单元质量评估检测卷-(1).docx

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1、Module 1 Deep SouthSection I Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary能力提升I .阅读理解AAntarctic seabirds are breeding （繁殖）later, because thinner sea ice is causing their food supplies to decline, a new study says. The birds, which nest in East Antarctica, have delayed their spring arrival by an average of n

2、ine days and egg-laying by an average of two days over the past 50 years, according to polar researchers from the French National Center for Scientific Research in Villiers en Bois, France. Study authors Christophe Barbrand and Henri Weimerskirch attribute this later breeding activity to decrease in

3、 sea ice caused by climate change.The researchers say the disappearing sea ice, combined with a longer sea-ice season, has interfered with the birds breeding cycle by reducing the amount of krill （磷虾）and other prey （猎物）available in early spring in Antarctica. Because Antarcticas seasons are opposite

4、 those in the Northern Hemisphere, spring on the icy continent begins in October.The study is based on data collected at seabird colonies between 1950 and 2004 in Adelie Land, on the eastern edge of the frozen continent.The findings were published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy o

5、f Sciences.Of the nine species studied, some arrived up to 30 days later than they had in previous years.Despite much later arrivals, the birds are laying their eggs at pretty much the same time as they had in the past. In the most extreme cases，birds were laying their eggs an average of 3.7 days la

6、ter in the season than they were 50 years ago.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了生活在南极洲东部的海鸟推迟繁殖的原因。1. What is the passage mainly about?A. Seabirds are breeding later in East Antarctica.B The amount of krill in the ocean has decreased.C. The weather in Antarctica has changed.D. The spring in Antarctica is beginning later

7、.解析：选A 主旨大意题。纵观全文，文章主要介绍的是现在生活在南极洲 东部的海鸟的繁殖期由于气候变化而延后。2. In which of the following months is it autumn in Antarctica?A. October.B. September.C. November.D. June.解析：选D 推理判断题。根据文章第二段第二句可推知，南极6月应是秋 天。3. How many kinds of seabirds were studied by the researchers?A. Two.B. Five.C. Nine.D. Thirty.解析：选C细节理

8、解题。根据文章第五段可知，研究了九种鸟。4. What does the underlined word attribute“ in Para. 1 mean?A. It means contribute”,B. It means “cause”.C It means owe”D. It means devote”.解析：选C 词义猜测题。研究者认为这种推迟的生育行为是由于气候变化 使得海冰减少而引起的。attributeto认为由引起或产生”，C项与 之相符。BAcross the world, studies have consistently found that girls perfo

9、rm significantly better than boys in reading. These studies show that girls typically read more frequently than boys, and have a more positive attitude towards reading.There are several reasons that help explain these gender-based differences. Parents read more with their daughters. This sends a str

10、ong and early message that books are for girls, as well as equipping girls with a significant advantage. Recent research has found even though boys read less frequently than girls，girls still receive more encouragement to read from their parents.So how can parents and educators help bridge this soci

11、ally engineered gap for boys* reading?To improve boys reading performance, parents and educators may look for ways to connect boys with reading. This has led to discussion about the importance of promoting so-called boy-friendly books that boys supposedly prefer. These are typically assumed to be no

12、n-fiction works, as many people believed that boys prefer to read non-fiction.But this belief is not supported by recent research, which in fact suggests boys are more likely to choose to read fiction than non-fiction. Encouraging all boys to read non-fiction under the mistaken belief that it is the

13、ir preference may actually be harmful. Fiction readers read more frequently and demonstrate faster language learning and higher language ability.Besides encouraging more fiction reading, there are a number of ways that we can help connect boys with books. Firstly, don*t assume that boys of the same

14、age have the same interests or that their interests stay the same over time. To match boys with suitable reading material, have regular discussion about reading for pleasure in order to keep up with their interests.Schools should also provide access to libraries during lessons throughout the years o

15、f schooling. Girls visit the library in their free time more than boys, and as students move to higher grades they often have less access to libraries during lessons. Access to books for boys is essential to promote reading.In addition, we should keep paper books available because research shows tha

16、t boys are less likely to choose to read on screens than girls. Finally we should promote reading as an enjoyable pastime by being a role model. Let your children or students see you read for pleasure.【语篇解读】本文简要分析了男孩和女孩阅读能力存在差异的原因，着重 讨论了如何提高男孩子的阅读兴趣，从而提高其阅读能力。5. According to the author, what is the

17、main cause of the difference in boys and girls* reading ability?A. Social factors.B Teaching methods.C Personal preferences.D Psychological differences.解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第二段的内容，并结合第三段“So how can parents and educators help bridge this socially engineered gap for boys* reading ? ” 可推知，作者认为男孩和女孩在阅读能力方面的差异是

18、由社会因素造成的，故选 Ao6. Why does the author recommend that adults regularly talk to boys about reading?A. To persuade boys to read more often.B. To learn what boys are most interested in.C. To help boys improve their language ability.D. To show that adults are good reading role models.解析：选B 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段最后

19、一句To match boys with suitable reading material, have regular discussion about reading for pleasure in order to keep up w汕their interests.v可知，作者建议大人们经常和男孩子们谈论阅读 是为了让大人能够了解男孩子们的兴趣，故选B。7. When should schools give students additional library access according to the author?A. Before and after class.B At

20、any time of the school day.C. At regular times during lessons.D. When they are in the lower grades.解析：选C 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一句Schools should also provide access to libraries during lessons throughout the years of schooling.”, 并结合对本段 的整体理解可推知，作者建议学校在上课期间多为学生提供接触图书馆的机会， 故选C。E. . What is the main purpose of

21、 the text?A. To show students ways to improve their reading.B. To explain why boys are not as good at reading as girls.C. To urge governments to provide more reading resources.D. To provide strategies that can help improve boys* reading ability.解析：选D 写作意图题。根据第三段中的“ So how can parents and educators h

22、elp bridge this socially engineered gap for boys* reading? ” ,并结合对全文的整体 理解可推知，本文主要就如何提高男孩子的阅读能力进行了探讨，故选D。II ,语法填空(2019全国卷I )The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland.While they are rare north of 88 , there is evidence 1.they range all the way

23、across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.lt is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 2.(poor) studied； however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,00025,000 polar bears worldwide.Modern methods 3.tracking polar bear popul

24、ations have been employed only since the mid-1980s , and are expensive 4.(perform) consistently over a large area.In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 5.(report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a 6.(believe) that populations are increasing.Scientists have res

25、ponded by 7.(note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集)around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉)that populations are 8.(high) than they actually are.Of 9.nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six 10.(be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough d

26、ata.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。主题语境是人与自然，介绍了由于生存环境恶化，北极熊数量减少的状况。1 .解析：考查名词性从句。本句含有一个同位语从句，解释了名词 evidence 证据”的具体内容，空处在从句中不充当成分，也无意义，故本空填 连接代词thato答案：that2 .解析：考查副词。应用副词poorly “不好地”修饰动词studiedo 答案：poorly3 .解析：考查介词。名词method后接介词of/for,意为“的方法”。答案：of/for4 .解析：考查动词不定式。本句含有“sth. + be + a力.+不定式”结构，主 语通常是不定式动作的承受者，不定式用主动形式

27、表示被动含义。句意：自20 世纪80年代中期以来，人们就开始使用现代的方法来跟踪北极熊的种群数量， 这些方法在很大范围内连续执行起来非常昂贵。答案：to perform5 .解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句中的时间状语“In recent years”多与现在 完成时连用，主语“some Inuit people”为复数意义,故本空填have reported。答案：have reported6 .解析：考查名词。根据空前的a可知，短语leading to后接的是名词作宾 语，故本空填belief “信念”。答案：belief7 .解析：考查非谓语动词。在介词by后，应用动名词作宾语，故本空填 n

28、oting o答案：noting8 .解析：考查比较级。根据空后的连词“than”可知，本句表示比较意义， 故本空应填higher o答案：higher9 .解析：考查冠词。Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations 在 这19个已知的北极熊亚种群当中“，故本空应填定冠词the,表示特指。答案：the1().解析：考查时态和主谓一致。本句其他谓语用了 一般现在时，本句的主 语six表示复数意义，故本空应填谓语动词are。答案：are国汇积累I1. interferev.干涉；干预；介入2. decreaseo.(使大小、数量等)减少

29、；减小；降低3. consistentlyido.一贯地；始终如一地4. assumeo.假定；假设；认为傩甸解阑Encouraging all boys to read non-fiction under the mistaken belief that it is their preference may actually be harmful.分析本句是一个复合句。Encouraging.the mistaken belief n是动名词 短语作主语；that引导同位语从句，在从句中不作句子成分，对belief的内容进 行解释说明。翻译在错误地认为纪实文学作品是他们的偏好的情况下，鼓励所有男孩 阅读纪实文学作品实际上可能是有害的。