2023新人教版八年级英语下unit-7重点知识点总结.docx

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1、Unit 7 W hafs the highest mountain in the world?一、重点短语1. the population of China 中国的人口3. feel free to do sth.随意地做某事5. man-made objects 人造物体2. one of the oldest countries4. as far as I know 据我所知最古老的国家之一as you can see,.正如你所望见的，6. part of.的组成部分Badaling is part of Ming Great Wall.7. mountain climbing/ c

2、limbing mountains 登山运动 8, live up to 舌至9.higher than any other mountain 比其他任何一座山高 10. of all the salt lakes 在全部的咸水湖中11. run along 绵延，横亘12. another 200 or so 还有大约 200 左右13,one of the worlds most dangerous sports 最危急的运动之14,one of the most popular places 最受欢迎的地方之16,freezing weather conditions 冰冻的天气条件18

3、, challenge oneself 挑战自我 challenge ourselves15,of all the mountains 全部的山之中17,risk their lives冒着他们的生命危急19, in the face of difficulties 面临困难20, take in air 呼吸空气21. the first people to do sth.第一个做某事的人 the first people to reach the top22. give up doing sth.放弃做某事 23. achieve ones dream 实现某人的幻想=make ones

4、dream come true26. even though 虽然;尽管die from死于32. take care of 照看;照料24. the forces of nature 自然界的力气 25. reach the top 到达顶峰27. at birth在诞生的时候28. be awake醒着29. run over with excitement 兴奋地跑过去 30. walk into sb.撞到某人31. fall over 被.绊倒 fall over the chair 被椅子绊倒、33. every two years 每两年34. cut down the fore

5、sts 砍伐林木35. endangered animals 濒危动物36. fewer and fewer pandas 大熊猫越来越少37. be in danger 处于危急之中38. the importance of saving these animals 挽救这些动物的重要性39,wild animals 野生动物 sea life 海洋生物 40 ,rules on whale protection 爱护鲸的规定(on 关于)41.water pollution 水污染，42only live for a short time because of illnesses 由于疾病

6、仅活很短的时间43,make more homes for the pandas为大熊猫建立更多的家园43. stand on two legs两腿站立44,catch whales for meat, fat and oil 为肉，脂肪和油而捕鲸45,stop putting rubbish into the sea 停止往大海里丢垃圾 46,jump high out of the water 高高地跃出水面47, protect.from爱护免于的损害protect children from catching a cold.爱护孩子免于感冒48, bamboo forests 竹林 4

7、9, panda keeper 熊猫饲养员 50, in the remaining forests 在剩下的森林里51, the highest mountain in the world (Qomolangma)世界上最高的山52, the biggest desert in the world (the Sahara)世界上最大的沙漠53, the longest river in the world (the Nile)世界上最长的河54, the deepest of all the salt lakes (the Caspian Sea)全部咸水湖中最深的湖二、重点句型1. It

8、is -adj. + (fo r sb.) to do sth.It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top.当你接近山顶时,连呼吸都会困难。2. . is because. One of the main reasons is because people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties. 其中的一个主要的缘由是人们想要在面临困难时挑战自己。3. . show(s) that. The spirit of these climbers s

9、hows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams. 这些登山者的精神向我们证明：我们恒久都不应 该放弃实现自己的幻想。4,表达事物的长,宽，高，深? sth./sb.+be+数量+单位+形容词long, wide, tall, deep。如，The river is 2 meters deep. Qomolangma is 8,844.43 meters high.longlength (n.长度)wide-width (n.宽度)deepdepth(n.深度)highheight(n.高度)the length

10、/depth/ width/height/size of sth. .的长度，深度，宽度，高度，面积5,问事物的高，深，宽，长？ How high/ deep/tall/ wide/ long/ is . ? 问重量用 How heavy be+sth,/sb.?r How high is Qomolangma? 珠穆朗玛峰有多高？How heavy are you? What is the weight of you?L What is the height of Qomolangma?工 I am 50 kilos. My weight is 50 kilos.三，必背句子1. This

11、makes it the longest wall in the world.这让它成了世界上最长的墙2. The main reason was to protect their part of the country.主要缘由是为了 保卫他们部分的国土.3. As far as I know, there are no man-make objects as big as this.就我所知，世界上没有和这个一样大的人造工程.4. The Himalayas run along the southwestern part of China.喜马拉雅横卧在中国的东南部.5. Of all t

12、he mountains, Qomolangma rises the highest.全部的山之中，珠穆良6玛屹立得最高.6. Thick clouds cover the top and snow can fall very hard.厚厚的去覆盖着山顶，雪也可能下得很猛.7. It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top. (as = when)当你接近山顶的时候，呼吸也特别的困难.8. No ocean in the world is as big as the Pacific Ocean.世界上没有海洋和太平洋一

13、样大.9. This elephant wei-hsHiiany times more thaiTjthis panda.这头大象的重量比这头熊猫重很多倍.10. When the babies see the keepers, they run over with excitement and some of them even walk into their friends and fall over!当宝宝们看到饲养员的时候，他们就兴奋地跑过来，有些还因看不清而撞上他们的伙伴,并且摔倒了.11. I take care of them ke| theyre my own babies.我

14、照料他们就囹他们是我自己的宝宝一样.12. I wash, feed and play with them every day.我每天都洗他们，喂他们并且和他们一起玩.13. Pandas do not have many babies, maybe only one every two years.熊猫不能生很多宝宝，或许每两年才一只.14. Adult pandas spend more than 12 hours a day eating about 10 kilos of bamboo.成年熊猫每天花超过 12h 吃 10kg 竹子.15. The Chinese government

15、 is also planting more bamboo trees so there will be more forests for pandas to live in.中国政 府也正在种植更多的竹子以便于熊猫有更多的竹林可以生活.16. We all hope that in the future there will be a lot more pandas than now.我们都希望，将来比现在有更多的熊猫. 四，语法讲解。1, freezing weather conditions,极冷的天气状况。condition 条件.状况，可数名词；但，in good/bad condi

16、tion.不行数2, Yu Gong put the earth and stone from the mountain into the see. stone,石料r 岩石不行数。石块，可数。Don9t throw stones o3, risk their lives.冒着生命危急。risk, n/v.作名词，take risks/ a risk to do sth.冒风险去做at risk 在危急中。risk sth. to do sth. 冒,风险去做.They risk their lives to climb mountains.4, The main reason was to

17、protect their part of country.主要缘由是去爱护他们国家的部分领土。不定式to protect.做be的表语，表目的。the first people to reach the top,不定式做people的后置定语。第一个到达山顶的人。5, The first Chinese team did so in 1960, while the first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei.1)while,此处是“而，然而，”稍微对比。不是“当时候、用在句中，前面有逗号。2) succeed. V. 胜利 succeed in doing

18、sth. He succeeded in finishing the work.success n. “胜利”不行数，Confidence is the key to success.自信是胜利的关键。success n.“胜利的人，物“He is a great success.他是一个很胜利的人。successful, adj.胜利的，successfully,胜利地6, We should never give up trying to achieve our dreams, give up doing sth.7, There are now fewer than 2,000 pand

19、as living in the remaining forests.现在不到 2000 只熊猫生活在剩下的竹林里。 There be +.doing ”有正在做 There are some students playing soccer on the playgroud.8, Adult pandas |spend| more than 12 hours a day |eating |10 kilos of bamboo.Bamboo做“竹子做的食物”或“竹子制品”不行数，bamboo chair;但做植物讲时可数。1) sb. spend + time/ money + on sth.

20、/ in doing sth.2) sb. pay +money +for sth.某人为某物支付多少钱3) It takes sb + time+ to do sth.花费某人多长时间做4) sth + cost +money 某物值多少钱。The book costs ten dollars.9. prepare 用法， v, JTM n. preparation make preparation(s) for 为做打算 prepare是一动词，意为“打算”。其用法相当敏捷,现归纳如下：1) .prepare sth.打算”，宾语是所打算的内容，干脆接打算对象。如:Mother was p

21、reparing dinner in the kitchen.妈妈在厨房打算饭菜。2) . prepare to do sth.打算做某事，如：He is preparing to go on a trip.他正打算去旅行。After taking out a piece of paper, he prepared to write to his parents. 他拿出纸，打算给父母写信。3) . prepare for sth.是”为做打算”,for 是打算的目的。如：prepare for a testHope for the best and prepare for the worst

22、.抱最好的希望，做最坏的打算。4) . prepare sth. for sth/sb.为打算某物，如：Please prepare the table for the dinner.请摆好桌子吃饭。You must prepare a room for the guest.你必需为客人打算一个房间。5) . prepare sb. for sth.使某人对进行打算，如:We have to prepare the students for that work step by step.我们要为学生进行这项工作一步步做好打算。10, Why do some of them have to be

23、 protected?为什么他们中的一些要被爱护？protect v, protect .from.爱护免受危急。Protect the pandas from dying from illness.11, Canada is a lot less crowded than China.加拿大不及中国拥挤很多。less+adj+than不及比较： Joseph is less honest than his brother.约瑟夫不像他兄弟那样诚恳。less than （中间不加任何词）“少于 There are less than 30 girls in my class.我们班不足30个女

24、生。more than （中间不加任何词）“超过，多于，相当于over” There are more than 30 girls in my class.我们班有超 过30个女生。形容词副词比较级和最高级。（-）形容词比较级的用法1 .形容词的比较级可以单独运用：Be more careful next time.下次当心点。Which book is better?哪本书更好？2 .也可以和than连用，表示两者相比，than后可以跟:a.名词或代词：He is older than me /1.他年龄比我大。b.动名词：Skiing is more exciting than skati

25、ng.滑雪比滑冰更刺激。c.从句：I was a better singer than he was,我唱歌比他好。（三）形容词比较级的修饰语修饰形容词，副词比较级的常用修饰词有:no, a little, a bit, much, even, still, a lot, any等.只用于修饰比较级的：much; still; even在否定句，疑问句或条件状语从句中，修饰形容词，副词的比较级,只能用any来修饰.He cantt jump any higher.他不能跳得更高了. Can he jump any higher?他能跳得更高一些吗？Do you feel any better

26、today?你今日感觉好一点 了吗？If you can jump any higher, I will give you a prize.假如你能跳得更高些,我就嘉奖你.留意：比较级前还可加其他表示数量的词：My sister is ten years younger than me. 我妹妹比我小十岁。句型 1 ：as+形容词原形+asThis jacket is as beautiful as that one.句型2.not as+形容词原形+as或not so+形容词原形+as“前者不及/不如 后者This school is not as beautiful as that one

27、.表达前者不如后者还可以用：less + 原级+than This school is less beautiful than that one。 句型3 ： 1）表示“是的几倍时”倍数+as原级asThis garden is ten times as large as that one。这个花园是那个的九倍大。倍数的表达：once ; twice ; three times; four times2）表示“比多几倍”倍数+比较级+than ,His garden is 9 times larger than that on已他的花园比那个大九倍。句型 4 ：比较级+than any oth

28、er+单数名词 “比其他的任何一个He is taller than any other boy in his class.比较级+than （all）the other+复数名词”比其他的 He is taller than the other boys in his class.句型 5 ： the + 比较级+of the two. （the twins.）”两个中较. Amy is the shorter of the two girls.句型6 ：（单音节）比较级+ and +比较级”（多音节）more and more +原级”，越来越better and better fatte

29、r and fatter more and more beautiful句型 7 ： the 比较级+句子，the 比较级+句子 越，越The harder you study, the better grades you will get.（三）最高级的运用（三者或三者以上）形容词的最高级要加定冠词the,副词最高级可省略the,句型1 ： the+最高级+ of /ina. in表示“在内（指某范围内户可以跟表示单位，组织，时间等单数名词.My mother is the busiest in my familyb. of 表示属性（指在同类的人,物中）后可接 Jim works hard

30、est of us all. Of the mountains , this is the highest.句型2 ： One of+the+最高级+名词复数“最的之一”One of the most important languages is English. 最重要的语言之一是英语。句型3 the+序数词+最高级+单数名词+in短语“在中是第几个”The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.1 .比较级中为了避开重复，常用one/that/those替代名词。往往指与前面同类而不是同一个的事物。This pen is sho

31、rter than that one. The weather here is much hotter than Tat of Shanghai.一、形容词的比较等级和最高等级：（一）形容词的比较级和最高级的构成The cars made in Tianjin is much more popular than those in Shanghai.状况构成方式原级比较级最高级一般状况加-er 或-estnew longnewer longernewest longest以e结尾的词加-r或-stfine latefiner laterfinest latest以“辅音+y”结尾的词变y为i再加

32、-er或-estearly happyearlier happierearliest happiest重读闭音节的词末尾只有 一个辅音字母先双写辅音字母，再加-er 或-esthot thin fathotter thinner fatterhottest thinnest fattest规则改变:1.单音节词和少数双音节词的比较级和最高级的构成2.多音节词和部分双音节词在其前面加more或most。如:原级比较级最高级usefulmore usefulmost usefuldifficultmore difficultmost difficultdeliciousmore delicious

33、most delicious3.有几个形容词的比较级和最高级属于不规则改变：原级比较级最高级good / wellbetterbestbad / illworseworstmany / muchmoremostlittlelessleastoldolder （新旧或年龄）/elder （兄弟姐妹的长幼关系）oldest/ eldestfarfarther （表示距离，译为“更迹”）/ further （表示程 度，译为“进步的、）farthest/ furthest总结为“两好，两坏，两多，一少，一老，一远”不规则。留意：few-fewerfewesthealthy-healthierheal

34、thiestfriendly-friendlier-friendliestcrowdedmore crowdedmost crowded改错：1, Lesson 9 is more easier than Lesson 10.2, My mother is younger than your.3, He is one of longest boys in his class.4, The boy doesnt draw much well.5, Betty is the youngest on the three girls.7, There is fewer bread in the fridge.9, Jim is shorter of the two boys.6, Tom runs faster than any other girl in his class.8. Mother is the busiest of my family.10, You can jump very higher on the moon than on the earth.