小升初英语专题讲解与训练--名词（含答案）.docx

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1、小升初英语专题： 名词一、名词定义 名词是表示人,事物，地点或抽象概念等名称的词，如：student 学生 apple苹果 panda熊猫 ruler尺子。二、名词分类 名词根据其意义可以分为普通名词和专有名词。三、名词的数 名词的数主要指普通名词的数。我们又将普通名词的数分为可数名词和不可数名词，不可数名词没有复数变化，只能是单数，可数名词有单数和复数之分。可数名词复数变化规律a) 一般情况下词尾直接加-s，比如book-books, apple-applesb) 以s, x, sh, ch结尾的名词，通常词尾加-es，比如：bus-buses, boxes, watch watches,

2、brushbrushes. c) 名词以元音字母+y结尾时，加-s，读作z； 以辅音字母+ y结尾时，变y为i，再加-es，读izboy boys 男孩 story stories故事 factory factories工厂baby babies婴儿 holiday holidays假期d) 以o结尾的名词，有些词尾加-es，有些加-s。口诀：黑人，英雄爱吃西红柿和土豆中学阶段所学的结尾加-es的主要有以下几个：tomato-tomatoes, potato-potatoes, hero-heroes, Negro-Negroes, mango-mangoese) 以f或者fe结尾的名词，有些

3、在词尾加-s，有些将f/fe改为v后再加-es。我们所见到的改f/fe为v加-es的主要有以下单词：绕口令：妻子（wife）持刀(knife)去宰狼(wolf)，小偷(thief)吓得发了慌；躲在架后(shelf)保己命(myself)， 半(half)片树叶(leaf)遮目光。wife( ), life( ), knife( ), leaf( ), thief( ), half( ),self( ), shelf( ), wolf( )。f) 某些名词的单复数是一样的，这类名词不多，主要有： sheep, fish, deer, Chinese, Japanese, g) 有些名词单数变复数

4、时，没有一定的规则的，需要特别记忆：man( )男人 woman( )女人foot( )脚 tooth( )牙mouse( )鼠 child( )儿童练习：1根据句意，用括号中所给词的正确形式填空。The _（story）are very interesting. 必背：由man和woman构成的复合名词的两个构成部分都要变化。a man doctormen doctors男医生 a woman player women players女演员四、常见不可数名词 常用的不可数名词：food, meat, fish, chicken, drink, orange, milk, tea, water

5、, rice, bread, homework, news, paper, ice, rain, snow, wind, air, weather,music, fun, work等五、不可数名词的量 用“数词或冠词量词of不可数名词”这样的结构来表示，量词可以是单数也可以是复数，但of后面的名词只能用单数如： 一杯牛奶_ 三杯咖啡 _ 两瓶可乐_ 两条新闻_ There are five bottles of milk. But there isnt a cup of tea. 可数名词时要注意： 后面用复数, 动词要根据量词来决定如： 一箱苹果 _ 四双鞋子_ There is a box

6、 of apples in the car, There are four pairs of shoes under the bed. 可以修饰不可数名词数量的词语还有：some, any, much, a lot of, plenty of, little, a little等，其中much, little, a little只能用来修饰不可数名词的数量，其它词也可以用来修饰可数名词的量。六、有生命物体的所有格 有生命的名词所有格 ： s + 名词;表示“的”1. 当名词不是s 结尾时，用 s； Lucys hair / my mothers bag （ ）- Whose ruler is

7、it? - Maybe its _. A.Peter B.Peters C.Marys D.Peters2. 当名词加了s时，则用 只需要加 ，例如students reading room 学生们的阅览室 注意：Womens Day 妇女节 Childrens Day 儿童节 Policemens office 警察的办公室 Teachers Day 教师节【真题再现】（ ）Those books are my_ . A.teachers B.teachers C.teacherss3、表示时间、距离、国家、城市的名词，加s 构成所有格 five minutes walk = a five-

8、 minute walk three days holiday = a three- day holiday 4、双重所有格 : of+名词所有格 / of + 名词性的物主代词 a friend of mine, an old photo of my fathers.【真题再现】 1 The girl under the tree is a friend of _（Lucy） （ ）I met a friend of _ last night. A. my B. me C. I D. mine5、共同所有格与个体所有格： Shes Tom and Jims mother. (同一个母亲) T

9、heyre Toms and Jims mothers. ( 各自的母亲)（ ）Mr Smith is _father. They are twin sisters. A. Mary s and Johns B. Marys and John C. Mary and Johns D. Mary and Johns七、无生命物体的所有格 教室的门 the door of the classroom ； 山顶 the top of the hill我卧室的窗户 the windows of my bedroom1 ( ) _is open. A. The windows of the classr

10、oom B. The classrooms window C. The window of the classroom D. The classrooms windows 课堂练习教室的窗户_杰克的朋友_汤姆和海伦的爸爸_玛丽的姐姐和露西的姐姐_我父母的车_我们老师的书_专项练习一 写出下列可数名词的复数 toy-_ dish-_ tomato-_ map-_ leaf-_ sheep-_ tooth-_ woman-_ factory-_ goose-_ minute-_ ferry-_二 选择填空( ) 1. We have some _but we need some_. A.tomat

11、os; potatos B.tomatoes; potatos; C.tomatoes; potatoes D.tomatos; potatoes.( ) 2. The thief has two_. A.knife B.knifes C.knives D.knifees ( ) 3. The lion has big_. A.teeth B.tooth C.tooths D.toothes ( )4. Father has_for breakfast. A.two piece of bread B.two pieces of bread C.two pieces of breads D.tw

12、o piece of breads ( )5. There are many_. A.banana trees B.banana tree C.bananas trees D.bananas tree ( ) 6. How many_can you see in the picture? -eight. A.sheep B.sheeps C.duck D.cow( ) 7.The rooms are_. A.Lucy and Lily B.Lucys and Lily C.Lucys and Lilys D.Lucy and Lilys ( )8.Can you give me_? A.a p

13、aper B.some papers C.some paper D.papers( )9 There are many pictures on_. A.the classrooms walls B.the walls of the classroom C.the walls in the classroom ( )10.That girl is Susan. She is _. A.a friend my sister B.a friend of my sister C.a friend of my sisters( )11. Is that an_car? A.Chinese B.Japan

14、ese C.English( )12.Two _ walk didnt made me tired.A. hour B. hours C. hours D. hours( )13. The mother over there is _ mother. A. Julia and Mary B. Julia and Marys C. Julias and Marys D. Julias and Mary( )14. We are _ and they are _. A. Englishmen, Germans B. Englishmen, German C. Englishmans, German

15、s D. Englishmen, Germen ( )15. That boy is Jack .He is _A a friend my brother B a friend of my brothers C a friend of my brother( )16. A man has two _.A foot B foots C feet( )17. The two boys are from the different _.A family B.families C familys( )18 .Are your English_ new? _Yes ,They are.A storybo

16、ok B stories books C storybooks( )19. Two _, please. A. coffee B. coffees C. cups of coffee D. cups coffee( )20.Mr Black often drink some _. A. milk B. milks C.milkes D.milkies 三、用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. How many_(sheep) are there on the hill? 2. There is some_(food) in the basket. 3. The baby has only two_(

17、tooth) now. 4. There is a lot of_(water) in the bottle. 5. There are five_(people ) in his family. 6. Lets take_(photo), OK? 7. I have lots of_(tomato) here. 8. The_(leaf) on the tree turn yellow. 9. Their_(dictionary) look new. 11. There are many_(fox) in the picture. 12. They have five big _(fish)

18、. 13.Would you like some _(tomato)? 14. Jim has some _(knife). 15. The girl under the tree is a friend of _(Lucy). 16Those hamburgers are_ (Tom). 17Nina is at_ ( grandma).She went there yesterday. 18 Do you like eating_ (rice)? 19.How many_ (wolf)are there? 20.I like_ (chicken)better than pork专项练习答案一、toys; dishes; tomatoes; maps; leaves; sheep; teeth; women; factories; geese; minutes; ferries二、1-5 CCABA 6-10 ACBBC 11-15 CDBAB 16-20 CBCCA三、sheep; food; teeth; water; people; photos; tomatoes; leaves; dictionaries; foxes; fish; tomatoes; knives; Lucys ; Toms; grandmas; rice; wolves; chicken