山东省济宁市第一中学2022-2023学年高一下学期期中考试英语含解析.docx

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1、济宁市第一中学2022-2023学年度高一第二学期期中模块测试英语试卷注意事项:L答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、考生号、座号填写在相应位置，认真核对条形码上的姓名、 考生号和座号，并将条形码粘贴在指定位置上。2 .回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改 动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。3 .回答非选择题时,必须使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔书写，按照题号在各题目的答题区域内作答, 超出答题区域书写的答案无效：在草稿纸，试题卷上答题无效。保持卡面清洁，不折叠 破损。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题;每小题L5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段

2、对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读 下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What is the worst part of Joes story?A. The grammar.B. The handwritingC. The spelling.【答案】B【解析】原文W: Your story is fantastic, Joe, but the spelling is bad. Worst of all, your handwriting i

3、s nothing if not awful.Please rewrite it. This time concentrate on your expressions, please.M: Sorry, Miss Green. I will improve my work. Did I make any grammar mistakes?W: Only a few2 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What do the mans class want to do this Sunday?A. Go for a swim.B. Do some sunbathing.C. Collect

4、the rubbish.【答案】C【解析】【原文】 M: Hi, Sophie, our class are going to the beach this Sunday. Would you like to come together? would run on his own for a little while before I carried him again.（起初,Kicker 只是依偎在我的夹克里,但随 着它越来越强壮，在我再次抱着它之前，它会自己跑一会儿。广可知，刚开始的时候，小狗又小又弱。故 选B项。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段 “We also went on s

5、ome winter camping adventures in the high peaks of the Uinta Mountains, and we tried snow kiting. He ran around while I skied. He learned to speed-fly and kiteboard. One time he vomited （呕吐）all over the new cushions on my bed. Boy, did that stay smelly for days! Still, living in a van with a dog was

6、 great. With each new day, he got stronger and more independent.（我彳门还在乌因塔山脉的 高峰上进行了一些冬季露营冒险，我们还尝试了雪地风筝。我滑雪时他跑来跑去。他学会了快速飞行和风 筝板。有一次他吐得我床上的新靠垫上到处都是。天啊，那东西臭了好几天！不过，和狗一起住在货车里 还是很棒的。随着每一天的到来，他变得越来越强壮，越来越独立。）”可知，作者带着Kicker一起历险, 相处融洽，Kicker吐在垫子上这件事只是一个小插曲，说明作者养狗的过程也不是十分轻松愉快。故选B 项。【26题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段第一、二句I h

7、ad dreamed of visiting Alaska since I was a child, so being able to share that trip with Kicker felt incredible. Theres something to be said about shared experiences and how they help develop a strong bond.（我从小就梦想着去阿拉斯加旅游，所以能够与Kicker分享那次旅行感觉不可思议。 关于共同的经历，以及它们如何帮助建立牢固的纽带，有一些话要说。广，第一句为本段的主旨句，整个 段落围绕该主

8、旨句讲述作者和小狗一起经历的乐趣。故选D项。27题详解】推理判断题。通读全文,尤其是第一段 “At this point, I knew how to make him an outgoing and adaptable dog, and my life was far more adventurous than it had been（在这一点上，我知道如何让他成为一只外向和适应 能力强的狗，我的生活比以前更冒险了）”，以及最后一段“Having a dog has been one of the most rewarding things in my life. For me, its a

9、bout the time spent together exploring, sharing experiences, working through challenging situations, snuggling, and ultimately taking care of one another.（养狗是我生命中最有意义 的事情之一。对我来说，这是关于一起探索、分享经验、克服挑战、相互依偎，并最终照顾彼此的时间。）” 可知，本文描述了作者带着Kicker一起在户外的各种经历，Kicker逐渐长大，学会了多种技能，作者和Kicker 之间的关系变得愈加亲密，共同的冒险使一人一狗联系在了

10、一起，故选A项。CThere is no need to head to the movie theater or download the video game app: Angry Birds can be found right in your backyard this summer-if you live in the suburb（市郊）.Virginia Tech researchers recently find that birds that live in suburban areas exhibit significantly higher levels of anger

11、 than those living in country. The results were recently published in Biology Letters.“A possible reason for this is that these birds have less space but better resources to defend,said Scott Davies, an expert at biological sciences in the College of Science. Living near humans provides better food

12、and shelter, but it also means more competition for these limited resources.,The Virginia Tech and Radford University campuses served as the suburban sites due to their levels of human impact. Rural（乡村的）sites included Kentland Farm and Heritage Park. In these settings, the researchers played a recor

13、ding of a male song sparrow（歌雀）and observed how the birds responded to a simulated（仿造的）intrusion from a neighbor.Campus birds showed a higher level of aggression: they approached and remained near the speaker, beat their wings wildly, engaged in loud singing and then began to produce soft song-a ter

14、m that researchers use to describe the quiet noise that a bird makes, which indicates an attack is to be launched soon.Though rural birds still responded to a song intrusion, they did not respond as vigorously.The researchers placed small leg bands on the birds to identify individuals, and recorded

15、each individuals responses twice, several weeks apart. The suburban birds reacted more fiercely on both occasions, showing that their increased aggression persists throughout a breeding season.28. The study by Virginia Tech researchers suggests that.A. there are more angry birds in suburban areas th

16、an in rural areasB. angry birds prefer to live in suburban areas instead of in countryC. birds living in suburban areas tend to show a higher level of angerD. birds in rural areas prefer to live near humans for food and shelter29. The researchers measured the level of different birds aggression by.A

17、. recording the reactions of song sparrows to their neighbors? intrusionB. placing small leg bands on the birds to identify different individualsC. observing the birds, responses to a recording of male song sparrowsD. approaching the birds in order to listen to their soft and quiet songs30. The unde

18、rlined word “vigorously“ in paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to.A. mildlyB.violentlyC. helplesslyD. gently31. The purpose of the passage is to.A. argue and persuadeB. compare andassessC. discuss and examineD. inform and explain【答案】28.C29. C 30. B 31. D【解析】【分析】弗吉尼亚理工大学的研究人员发现，居住在郊区的鸟儿们的愤怒程度要比住在乡村的鸟儿

19、高得多。 或许，你用不着买票去电影院观看，愤怒的小鸟正在你家后院上演呢。【28题详解】C 细节理解题。第一段 Virginia Tech researchers recently find that birds that live in suburban areas exhibit significantly higher levels of anger than those living in country.表明,住在郊区的鸟儿往往会表现出更高程度的 愤怒。故选C。【29题详解】C 细节理解题。根据第三段第三句 In these settings, the researchers play

20、ed a recording of a male song sparrow(歌雀)and observed how the birds responded to a simulated (仿造的)intrusion from a neighbor.可知，研究人员通过观察鸟儿对雄性麻雀的叫声的反应测量不同鸟类的攻击性程度。故选C。【30题详解】B猜测词义题。根据与市郊小鸟对叫声反应的攻击性的对比，住在乡下的小鸟的反应不是那么激烈 (violently)。故选 B。【31题详解】D写作意图题。本文在首段阐明观点，然后通过实验例证分析。故选D。【名师点睛】细节理解题的解题思路：细节理解题就是我们常见

21、的wh-题，它们大多是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述 等进行提问的。抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其它类型问题的基础。该题型几 乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息，或是其变体。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主 体展开的细节。做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题和选项有 关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。通常细节题的正确选项有以下特征：1) .对原文句子中的关键词进行替换。把原文中的一些词换成意义相近的词，成为正确选项。2) .词性或者语态的变化。把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，或者改变原文句子

22、的语态，给考生制造障碍。3) .语言简化。把原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化，成为正确答案。4) .正话反说。把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项(适用于寻找错误选项的题目)。正确选项虽然一般不是原文照搬，但是一般是原文 改写，意思不变。如换一个同义词，把否定改为肯定， 把肯定改为否定等。如本题第 2 小题，The researchers measured the level of different birds aggression by.我们在原文中 第三段第三句发现了 定位词 the birds5 responses to.转化形式 how the birds responded to.,

23、和 a recording of male song sparrows 在原文中的替换词 a simulated（仿造的）intrusion from a neighboro原文是这样的 The researchers played a recording of a male song sparrow and observed how the birds responded to a simulated intrusion from a neighbor,我们知道，研究人员通过播放了一只雄性麻雀的录音，并观察了鸟儿对模拟入侵 的反应来测量不同鸟类的攻击程度的，所以我们可以选择本题的正确答案C。

24、而比较其他干扰项，要么将 原文内容扩大或缩小，要么偷换概念，要么无中生有或者文不对题等。DImagine driving behind a huge truck shooting clouds of smoke into the air while your new fully electric vehicle cleans up its carbon emissions （升日放）.This dream may soon be a reality. A team of students in the Netherlands has created an electric car that n

25、ot only doesnt produce carbon dioxide when driving, but actually pulls it out of the air.The two-seater sports car was designed and built in less than a year by a team of 32 students at Eindhoven University of Technology. Called ZEM”, which stands fbr “zero emission mobility”, the car is equipped wi

26、th special devices that remove carbon dioxide from the air as it drives. The team says if ZEM is driven about 32,000 kilometers, it can remove 2 kilograms of carbon dioxide from the air. Thafs not a huge amount. The team calculates that 10 ZEM cars on the road for a year would remove as much carbon

27、dioxide as a typical tree does during that time. However, they also point out that there are over a billion passenger cars in the world that could be using this technology. And if a billion cars were removing carbon dioxide instead of producing it, the result would be huge.ZEM also has several other

28、 innovations that help to make it more capable of being sustained: the cars frame and panels （面板）are 3D printed to reduce waste; it was built using recycled and recyclable materials; and it can be easily taken apart so that many of its parts can be reused. ZEMs battery is also reusable, and has anot

29、her handy feature: it can be charged with solar panels on the cars roof-and can even be used to provide power to your house when the car isnt on the road.According to the statistics, transportation was responsible for over 20% of global carbon dioxide emissions in 2020一and of those emissions, cars w

30、ere responsible for 41%. The Eindhoven team says its goal is to challenge the electric car industry: If 32 students can build a car like this in less than a year, then surely car manufacturers （生产 商）are expected to adopt these innovations, too.32. What is special about ZEM?A. It can end the worlds C

31、O2 release.B. It can cut the trucks CO2 emissions.C. It can reduce the level of CO2 in the air.D. It can absorb dirty air as well as CO2.33. Why does the team run the calculation of ZEM in paragraph 2?A. To demonstrate a superb vision of ZEM cars.B. To explain how ZEM removes CO2 as trees do.C. To i

32、llustrate the ongoing change in car making.D. To show the influence of ZEM on the car market.34. What do we know about all the components of ZEM?A. They are of high quality.B.Theyare easy to process.C. They are convenient to print.D.Theyare environmentally friendly.35. What does the Eindhoven team h

33、ope to achieve in the future?A. Sharp decline in fuel consumption.B.Massproduction of ZEM cars.C. Big success in beating other car makers.D.Dramatic changes in transportation.【答案】32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了荷兰的一个学生团队发明了一种叫做ZEM的电动汽车，这种汽 车不仅在驾驶时不产生二氧化碳，而且实际上可以从空气中提取二氧化碳。【32题详解】细节理解题。

34、根据第二段中 “Call理“ZEM”, which stands for zero emission mobility”, the car is equipped with special devices that remove carbon dioxide from the air as it drives.（这种汽车被称为 “ZEM” ,意思是“零排 放机动性”，它配备了特殊装置，在行驶过程中可以去除空气中的二氧化碳。）”可知，ZEM的特殊之处 在于它能降低空气中的二氧化碳含量。故选C。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第二中 “The team says if ZEM is driven a

35、bout 32,000 kilometers, it can remove 2 kilograms of carbon dioxide from the air. Thats not a huge amount. The team calculates that 10 ZEM cars on the road for a year would remove as much carbon dioxide as a typical tree does during that time.（研究小组说，如果 ZEM 行驶 约32000公里，它可以从空气中清除2公斤的二氧化碳。这不是很多。研究小组计算出

36、，10辆ZEM汽车 在公路上一年清除的二氧化碳排放量相当于一棵普通树一年吸收二氧化碳的量。可推知，研究团队在第 二段计算ZEM吸收二氧化碳的量是为了表明对ZEM汽车的美好憧憬，故选Ao【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段 “ZEM also has several other innovations that help to make it more capable of being sustained: the cars frame and panels （面板）are 3D printed to reduce waste; it was built using recycled and r

37、ecyclable materials; and it can be easily taken apart so that many of its parts can be reused. ZEMs battery is also reusable, and has another handy feature: it can be charged with solar panels on the car/s roofand can even be used to provide power to your house when the car isnt on the road.（ZEM 还有其

38、他一些创新,有助于使其更具 可持续性：汽车的车架和面板是3D打印的，以减少浪费；它使用可循环回收利用的材料制造；它可以很 容易地拆卸，其中许多部件可以重复使用。ZEM的电池也是可重复使用的，而且还有一个方便的特点：它 可以用车顶上的太阳能电池板充电，甚至可以在汽车不在路上的时候为你的房子提供电力。产可知，ZEM 的所有零部件都是环保的，故选D。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The Eindhoven team says its goal is to challenge the electric car industry: If 32 students can build a car

39、 like this in less than a year, then surely car manufacturers （生产商）are expected to adopt these innovations, too.（Eindhoven的研究小组表示，他们的目标是挑战电动汽车行业：如果32名学生 能在不到一年的时间里制造出这样一辆汽车，那么汽车制造商肯定也会采用这些创新。）”可知，Eindhoven 团队的目标是挑战电动汽车行业，由此可推知，Eindhoven希望在未来实现ZEM汽车的大量生产，故选B。第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选

40、出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。Just think positively!“It could he worse.You should look at the bright side!”Weve all heard （and maybe used） these phrases without much thought. But they could be contributing to a culture of toxic（有毒的）positivity. For those new to this term, it might sound like an oxymoron（矛

41、盾修辞法）.How can positivity be toxic? Isnt it supposed to be helpful, or positive，as the name suggests? 36“Toxic positivity is when somebody avoids all negative thoughts or feelings, pretending everything is going well when it is not J explains Melissa Dowd, a therapist at PlushCare, a virtual health p

42、latform for primary care and mental health services.Whitney Goodman, the author of Toxic Positivity describes toxic positivity as the endless pressure to be happy and positive, no matter what the circumstances are. 37 Its also something we can cause other people to experience.Expressing toxic positi

43、vity to others may look like offering them a simple solution to a complicated problem that we know nothing about, or not allowing people around you to appropriately express negative emotions.Toxic positivity causes us to suppress our emotions, which can make them worse. 38 Although it can be helpful

44、 to look on the bright side when facing challenges J Dowd says, “not coping with negative feelings ina healthy way in the moment can lead to those feelings resurfacing later in different areas of your life or as a form of anxiety. 39If I feel like youre going to dismiss me, Fm going to stop sharing

45、how Fm feeling,Goodman adds.40If youre using toxic positivity against yourself, Goodman suggests remembering its OK ifyoure upset about something. It9s valid if something annoys you. Allow ourselves and other people to share when theyre going through a difficult time J she says. Dowd adds that its e

46、ssential that “we all learn to cope with and process our emotions in a healthy way as opposed to avoiding how we ffeel“ as lifes stressors continue to rise. For example, instead of simply saying “Just think positively,wed better say Sometimes bad things happen. How can I help?”A. Are there ways to a

47、void toxic positivity?B. Toxic positivity also disrupts connection.C. It can harm people who are going through difficult times.D. This can come up in different situations when we are dealing with pressure.E. They become more intense and can cause long-lasting health concerns in the future.F. Experts

48、 say constant forced positivity can lead to the opposite, and have a negative effect.G. This is what we may bring on to ourselves by not allowing negative thoughts and feelings.【答案】36.F37. G 38. E 39. B 40. A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，短文介绍了 “有毒的积极性”的不良影响和应对措施。 36题详解】根据上文 “ How can positivity be toxic? Isnt it supposed to be helpful, or positive”, as the name suggests? ” （积 极性怎么会有毒？它不应该像名字所暗示的那样有帮助，或者是“积极的”吗？）可知，选项承接上文说 明专家对此的观点。故F选项”专家表示，持续的强迫积极可能会导致相反的结果，并产生负面影响。” 切题。故选F项。【37题详解】根据上文 u Whitney Goodman, the author of Toxic Positivity describes toxic posit