突破14 宾语从句(间接引语)-2023年中考英语一轮复习语法知识专项突破(通用版).docx

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1、2023年中考英语一轮复习语法知识专项突破（通用版）14宾语从句（间接引语）【知识突破】一、复合句之表语从句与宾语从句1、概念：主从复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。主句为句子的主体，从句只用作句子的一个次 要成分，不能独立成为一个句子。从句通常由关联词引导，并由关联词将从句和主句联系在一起。如： While the 史randDarents love the children, they are strict with/篦.（爷爷奶奶们很爱孩子,同时对他们也 严格要求。）/ It seemed要 R纺e meeting never（看起来会议没完没 了。 ） / Hurry up,

2、 or （else） yo7/ be /Re.（快点,要不然就来不及 了。）/ 1Howecer/ cook e立史s, the child still refuses to eat统e/n.（不管 我用什么方法煮鸡蛋，小孩还是不肯吃。）2、分类：从句按其在复合句中的作用，分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、定语从句和状语从句等。（参见以 下各条）3、各从句在句子中的位置以及用法：（1）表语从句：在句子中作连系动词的表语的从句，它位于主句中的系动词之后。例如： That isw/iy he did not come to school vesterdav. / It is becauseare

3、so c/ever.（2）宾语从句：在句子中作及物动词或介词的宾语。基本形式：（主句+）连词+从句主语+从句谓语+. 关于宾语从句连词的选择：若从句来源于一个陈述句，那么，连词用纺M在口语中统R可以省略；若从句来源于一个一般疑问句，连词则用if或whether若从句来源于一个特殊疑问句，则连词就是疑问词（如what,who,where,when等）例如：They believe that the computeT will finally take the place of human Le加gs.（他们相信计算机 终将代替人类。）（从句本来就是陈述句）/ wonder whether I s

4、hould say somethin史for him to the headmaster.（我不知道是不是该为他在校长跟前说点什么。）（从句来源于一般问句Shall I say something for him to the headmaster?） / He asked me where he could get such medicine.（他 问 我一To the museum.A. whenB. whyC. howD. where57. 一Lucy, could you please tell me?一Of course. Well have it next Friday.A. wh

5、en will we have the English partyB. when we will have the English partyC. where will we have the English partyD. where we will have the English party58. Do you know when?A. does the shop closeB. the shop closeC. the shop closes59. 一Do you know?一To protect our only home一the earth.A. how we should liv

6、e a green lifeC. why we should live a green life60 .Can you spare time to have dinner with 一Well, Im not sure.A. that I can finish the workC. when can I finish the work61 . 一Can you tell me?一Sure! No problem.A. what does she look likeC. how does she look likeB. why should we live a green lifeD. whet

7、her we should live a green life me this evening?B. how can T finish the workD. whether I can finish the work by thenB. what she looks likeD. how she looks like62. Can you tell me if Im right, Mr. Smith?句子中包含。A.条件状语从句B.宾语从句C.原因状语从句63. As the old saying goes, “Dont let yesterday use too much of today.

8、 Can you tell me?一Sure. It tells us not to put off our work.A. what it meansB. what does it tell usC. what can we learn from it64. He says he wont be free until tomorrow.A. thatB. ifC. whetherD. what65. 一Your skirt looks nice on you. Could you please tell me?In Pingduoduo.A. where you bought itB. wh

9、ere did you buy itC. when you bought it66. 一 Have you asked the policeman?一 Yes, he told us to turn left on to Main Street. Ifs on the right.A. how to get to the nearest bank.B. where can we find a bankC. when we can go to the nearest bank67. 一Could you please tell me ?一OK. I came here two days ago.

10、A. where you came fromB. how you came hereC. when you came hereD. why you came here68. Frank asked me how much for the new bike.A. do I payB. I paid69. 一Do you know?一Im not sure. Maybe in North China.A. what the best rice is made ofC. where the best rice is produced70. 一I wonder.一Of course it is.A.

11、that mooncake is deliciousC. when the band starts playing this eveningC. did I payD. I payB. how the best rice is producedD. when the best rice is madeB. whether June is a good time to visit WuhanD. if the bookstore opens today71. Im excited about Bing Dwen Dwen. Do you know?一By Cao Xue.B. what was

12、it designed byD. when it was designed byA. who was it designed byC. who it was designed by72. 一Could you tell me?一Sure. On March 18, 2021.A. how the meeting between China and America will be heldB. where the meeting between China and America was heldC. when the meeting between China and America was

13、heldD. why was the meeting between China and America held73. Mr. Jackson is listening to the weather report; he wants to know it will rain tomorrow.A. thatB. ifC. whenD. why74. 一Hi, Bob, did you see Tina after school?I saw her leave the school by bus with her classmate, but I didnt notice.A. how she

14、 left school B. when she came there C. who she went with D. where she went75. 一Do you know?一Yes, I do. He went by skateboarding!A. whether Paul will go or notB. when will Paul go to the partyC. how Paul went to the partyD. how did Paul go to the party1. .1 will visit Mrs Smith but I dont know.A. she

15、 lives whereB. she where livesC. where she livesD. where does she live77. 一I havent seen your English teacher fbr a week. Where is he?一Sorry, I dont know.A. where has he beenB. where has he goneC. where he has gone78. Why is the girl sitting on the bench so sad?She is worried about her father who ha

16、s joined the medical team to Shanghai because she doesnt knowA. how long he has gone thereC. how soon he will be hack79. 一Carol, could you tell me?一rd like to join the story telling club.A. that you like the story telling clubC. is there a story telling club at your school80. We never doubtthe song

17、My motherland and me isB. if he is safe or notD. where would he come backB. what club would you like to joinD. which club you want to joinagain and again.A. whether, well worth listening toC. that, well worth listening to81.1believe their sonB. that, very worth to listen toD. whether, very worth to

18、listencome to visit me.A. dont； willB. /； doesntC. didnt； willD. /； didnt82. 一 I wonder.一 Im not sure. Maybe yes.A. if has Dave got his drivers licenseB. how long has Dave got his drivers licenseC. if Dave has got his drivers licenseD. how long Dave has got his drivers license83. I cant wait to go o

19、n the graduation trip! Do you know?一Not until next month. Just be patient.B. how soon will it beginD. how soon it will beginB. where is Tom liveD. Tom lives whereB. the photo was takenD. the photo tookA. how long will it lastC. how long it will last84.1 want to know.A. where does Tom liveC. where To

20、m lives85. 一Where do you think?一I guess they took it in Suzhou.A. was the photo takenC. did the photo take86. 一Do you know this book belongs to?一Let me see. Oh, its.D. who; hersA. whose; herB. whose; hersC. who; her87. Before you ask someone for help, find out he is the right person for your problem

21、.A. sinceB. thatC. whetherD. unless88. 一 Your stamps are so fantastic. Could you please tell me?一 Oh, I bought them in the post office next to the bank.A. why did you buy themB. where did you buy themC. why you bought themD. where you bought them89. Peter asked his wife with her car.A. what wrong wa

22、sB. what was wrongC. what is wrong90. Mary asks me if I to the zoo with her next Sunday. If it, I will go with her.A. goes; is rainy B. will go; doesnt rain C. will go; will rain D. goes; will be rainy91. No one can be sure in thousands of years, not to say in a million years.A. what man looks likeB

23、. what will man look likeC. what did man look likeD. what man will look like92. 一Can Li Ming an English song?一No, I dont think he.A. sing;canB. to sing;canC. sings;cantD. sing;cant93. 一Do you know the meeting?一Tomorrow morning.A. when they hadB. when they are going to haveC. when did they haveD. whe

24、n are they going to have94. 一Wow, you look much thinner than before. We all want to know.一Ive given up junk food and do exercise at least twice a week.A. which health club you belong toB. how you managed to do thatC. if youd like to join our sports teamD. when you started to lose weight95. What did

25、your brother ask you five minutes ago?一He asked me.A. whom I was talking withB. whether I will play sports tomorrowC. where would I go with my friend96. Our monitor has just gone to the gym, but I dont know he will come back.A. how fastB. how farC. how longD. how soon97.1 dont know if he tomorrow. I

26、f he, I will tell you.A. will come, will comeB. will come, comesC. comes, comesD. comes, will come98. Would you like to have a picnic if it fine this Friday?Certainly. But we dont know if it.A. is, will rainB. will be, will rainC. is, rains99. 一Jerry, could you remember?一Have you forgotten we agreed

27、 to go to the Summer Palace?A. where we are going to after the examB. where are we going to after the examC. where are we going after the examD. where we are going after the exam100. 一Could you tell methe Father of Rice”?一Because he helped many countries grow more rice.A. when was Yuan Longping call

28、edB. why is Yuan Longping calledC. when Yuan Longping was calledD. why Yuan Longping is called参考答案l.C【解析】句意：我想凯特现在不在教室里。考查否定前移。谓语动词think, believe等，主语是第一人称（I,we）,主句是一般现在时时，否定后面的从 句时，需要否定前移，think是实意动词，否定句要借助助动词dorft；主句使用否定形式，从句需用肯定形 式，从句谓语动词应用is。故选C。2. B【解析】句意：你能告诉我参观者什么时候来我们学校吗？考查宾语从句。根据“宾语从句要用陈述句语序”

29、的原则，排除A/C选项，故选B。3. C【解析】句意：我希望我们队明天能赢这场比赛。考查时态。根据tomorrow”可知，从句应用一般将来时，结构是“will+动词原形”，故选C。4. D【解析】句意：一你为父亲买这个领带吗？-我不知道，我不知道这个颜色是否和他的心衬衫搭配。本题考查宾语从句的引导词。That引导宾语从句，不含是否的意思；if引导宾语从句意思是是否，但是不 能和or not连用；why为什么；whether是否，可以引导引语从句；故选D.5. C【解析】句意:我们的裙子很漂亮。你能告诉我你在哪里买的吗？一当然。在淘宝网上。本题考查宾语从句。根据空格前面的Could you te

30、ll me,结合选项可知，这是宾语从句。因为宾语从句要用陈述语序， 故排除A和B；根据答语可知，此句是询问的地点，故用where,故排除D,所以宾语部分的主语you要放 在特殊疑问词where的后面。故选C。6. B【解析】句意：Lucy,你应该花更多的时间练习跑步！我不确定是否会在要来的四月通过体育考试。别担心，妈妈。我会立刻练习。考查宾语从句。根据Dont worry, mum.”可知妈妈担心Lucy是否会通过考试，用whether引导定语从句，表 示“是否。故选B。7. B【解析】句意：你能告诉我怎么去超市吗？ 直走，在第一个十字路口向左转，然后你会找到的。A.哪里；B.如何；C.何时k

31、 D.如果。根据答语可知，问话人在问去超市的路“怎么”走，故选用how,故选B。8. D【解析】句意：你能告诉我你今天上课迟到的原因吗？ 对不起，米勒女士。我起得太晚，没赶上 早班车。考查宾语从句。根据“I got up so late that I missed the early bus.”陈述迟到的原因，可知上文是问“为什么迟到”, 宾语从句的引导词用why,所以排除A、C；宾语从句要按照陈述句的语序，所以排除B；故选D。9. C【解析】句意：-我想知道为什么汤姆放弃了这次比赛。-因为他伤到了他的脚。该句考查宾语从句的引导词，根据回答“一Because he hurt his foot.

32、”可知弓I导词用why,故选Co10. C【解析】句意:打扰一下，你能告诉我这件毛衣是由什么制成的吗？ 当然可以。它是由棉制成的。 考查特殊疑问句以及宾语从句。whose-sweater is that那是谁的毛衣；where the sweater is made这件毛衣在哪 里制造的；what the sweater is made of这件毛衣由什么制成的。根据答语“Ifs made of cotton.”它是由棉制成 的。可知问句是询问毛衣由什么制成的。故选C。11. A【解析】句意：我认为他明天不会来了。此句是宾语从句，主句是I think,从句的否定需要前移到主句中，故排除BD,又

33、通过tomorrow可知从句 使用一般将来时态，will+动词原形。主句是一般现在时态，提取助动词do,故选A。12. D【解析】句意：哦！我的表不走了。我想知道我们能否准时到达会场。恐怕我们会迟到。考查宾语从句。how we will be on time我们怎么样才能准时；what were going to do我们要做什么；why we get to school late我们为什么上学迟到；if we can arrive at the meeting on time我们是否能够准时到达会场。根据 答句“m afraid well be late.”可知，此处是询问能否按时到达。故选

34、D。13.B【解析】句意：你能告诉我宇航员将在太空停留多久吗？ 六个月。考查宾语从句。tell后缺少直接宾语，此处用宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序，选项中只有B项是陈述语序。 故选Bo14. C【解析】句意：马克，你能告诉我什么使你成为中国文化的超级粉丝吗？ 李白的那些美丽的诗。 考查宾语从句引导语。when何时；why为什么；what什么；how如何；根据Those beautiful poems by Li Bai.”, 可知此处应选what,作makes的主语。故选Co15. B【解析】句意：我只是想知道你多久锻炼一次。考查宾语从句。know后缺少宾语，此处用宾语从句，宾语从句用howof

35、ten+陈述语序，排除ACD。故选B。 16. A【解析】句意：你知道他现在住在那里吗？本题中的know后跟的是一个宾语从句，用正常的顺序，故不选 BD,本题问的是一般情况，不用过去时，故本题选A。17. C【解析】句意：我希望下星期天你能来参加我的生日聚会。考查hope的用法。hope后接动词不定式或从句，但不可以用于hope sb. to do sth.结构，故排除B项；A项 结构不对；由next Sunday可知，D项时态不对。故选C。18. B【解析】句意：我不知道他每天是否来。如果他来，我将打电话给你。句中的第一个if指“是否”，引导的是宾语从句，说明目前不知，根据时间状语tomor

36、row可知，句子用一般 将来时，此空故填will come,故排除A和D；句中的第二个if指“如果”，引导的是一个条件状语从句，主 句是Hl call you。条件句中，当主句是一般将来时或祈使句，从句要用一般现在时。he为第三人称单数， 此空故填comes,故排除C,故选A。【点睛】If引导的条件状语从句和宾语从句的区别：if引导条件状语从句，译为“如果”，通常考查的内容为:主句用一般将来时态，从句用一般现在时表示将来;if引 导宾语从句，译为“是否”，如果主句是一般现在时，那么宾语从句可根据时间状语选用各种对应的时态;如果主 句是一般过去时，那么宾语从句要用过去的某种时态。If it do

37、esnt rain, I will go to the cinema tomorrow.如果明天不下雨，我就去看电影。Do you know if we will go to the zoo next Saturday?一一你知道我们下周六是否去动物吗？I think well go if we dont have much homework.一我认为我们会去，如果我们没有太多作业。19. B【解析】句意：你知道棒球在哪儿吗？ 它在桌子里。考查宾语从句。根据“D。you know”可知，本句为宾语从句，需用陈述语序，可排除A, D选项；根据答语“in the desk”“在桌子里”可知,表地点

38、，需用where提问。故选B。20. D【解析】句意：天气预报说华南将有台风。考查there be的一般将来时。根据“there”可知，此处是there be结构，排除A/B选项；结合“The weather forecast says”可知，从句表达的是将来的事情，主句是一般现在时，从句应用一般将来时，故选D。21. D【解析】句意：我压力太大了。我不知道我应该为即将到来的考试学习什么。向你的老师请教怎 么样？考查宾语从句。宾语从句中从句要用陈述句语序，排除A、C；根据从句“study”缺少宾语，可知从句中对 宾语提问，用what引导，排除B；故选D。【点睛】对于考查宾语从句的题目，可采用排

39、除法。首先根据宾语从句用陈述语序排除部分选项，其次根 据语境来确定从句的时态，再排除部分选项，最后根据具体的题意来得出正确答案即可。22. C【解析】句意：Kate,你知道我们将在哪里举办英语派对吗？ 在学校礼堂。考查宾语从句。when weUl have the English party 我们什么时候举办英语派对；why well have the English party 我们为什么举办英语派对；where wel have the English party我们将在哪里举办英语派对。根据答语“In the school hall”可知，询问某个活动的举办地点，用where引导宾语从句

40、，故选C。23. B【解析】句意：我听说这学期我们要来一位新的英语老师。真的吗？你知道他来自哪里吗？考查宾语从句。what subject he teaches 他教什么科目；where he comes from 他来自哪里；if he is a math teacher 他是否是一个数学老师；why he teaches so well他为什么教得这么好。根据well have a new English teacher thisterm”可知，此句中已明确说明是一名英语老师，空处不应再询问他是不是其他科目的老师，排除A和 C选项。这位老师是这个学期要来，还不知道教得好不好，排除D选项，故

41、选B。24. B【解析】句意：你的父亲刚才对你说什么了？ 他问我是否在聚会上玩得开心。考查宾语从句。根据“He asked me.:和“just now”可知，主句的时态为一般过去时，此时宾语从句时态也应 为一般过去时态，选项B符合题意。故选B。25. D【解析】句意：我不知道这女孩是谁。考查宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述语序，排除AB；根据didnt know”可知，主过从必过，故选D。26. C【解析】句意：我不知道他住在哪里。考查宾语从句。宾语从句中的语序用陈述语序，排除A选项；从句主语是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式, C选项符合，D选项形式错误，故选C。27. B【解析】句意：我想知道他今晚

42、是否加入我们的舞蹈。我相信如果他完成了他的作业，他会加入 我们的。考查状语从句和宾语从句。第一处if意为“是否”，后接宾语从句，根据tonight意为“今晚”提示用will join；第二处if意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句，应遵循主将从现的原则，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在 时表将来，所以用finishes。故选B。28. B【解析】句意:这篇文章教我们如何洗手。我想知道为什么用肥皂洗手很重要。嗯，这是保护我 们不生病的最好方法之一。考查宾语从句。根据“it is one of the best ways to protect us from getting sick.”可知，上句是想知

43、道原因,应该 用why引导宾语从句。故选B。29. C在哪儿能搞到那样的药。）（从句来源于特殊问句Where can he get such medicine?） 宾语从句的时态问题：如果主句是现在时，从句则用现在某一时态,甚至可以用过去时;如主句是过去时，从句则相应地使用过去某一时态，遇到客观真理时仍然用现在时。如：I think I will do better in English this3th.（我想本学期我的英语会学得好点。）/ The teacher asked the boy if the earth is round.（老师问那个男孩地球是不是圆的。）下列结构后面的从句一般也

44、作为宾语从句看待：be sorry /afraid / sure /glad +that从句，如：Im sorry Itn late.（对不起,我迟到 了。）二、直接引语和间接引语概略1、直接引语和间接引语：在陈述句中,直接引用说话人原来的语句，称为直接引语。在书写时,直接引语用引 号。用自己的词语来转述表达原来说话人说的内容，称为间接引语。2、直接引语改变为间接引语：1、直接引语如果是陈述句,变为间接引语时应注意以下各点：不用引号，而用连接词统或，但有时可省略。人称作相应变化；主句里的动词如果是过去时.，间接引语中的时态一般应作相应改变：一般现在时变一般过去时；一 般将来时变过去将来时；现在

45、进行时变过去进行时；现在完成时变成过去完成时；一般过去时变 成过去完成时；但一般过去时如与一个具体的过去时间连用，则时态不变。如： He saysyam not from the USA. fHe says that he is not from the USA.Mr Smith said to his girl friend9 / haven seenfor a Ion 史 time. ”f Mr Smith said to his girl friend that he had not seen her for a long time.2、直接引语如果是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，需用从属

46、连接词Mie纺er或炉引导,词序要改变。如： Lin Tao said to Miss Green, Is it made in China?” - L加 Tao asked Miss Green if it was made in China.3、直接引语如果是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，需用疑问词引导，词序是：连词+主语+谓语。如：Lucy said to me,“How。即 / help?” Lucy asked me how she could help.4、直接引语如是祈使句，变间接弓I语时，须将祈使句变为动词不定式,并在动词不定式前用tell, ask, order, 如：He s

47、aid to the little boy,“ Come here, young man!fHe asked the little boy to go there.【解析】句意：我想知道你想和谁交朋友？能使我成为更好的人的人。根据when you often meet your friends你经常什么时候见你的朋友，how you make your friends happy你怎么让你的朋友高兴，who you want to make friends with你想和谁交朋友，where you spend weekends with friends你和朋友在哪里过周末；根据Someone who can make me a better person.可知