2023年上海市高考英语模拟试卷试题一（含答案）.pdf

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1、2023年 全 国 普 通 高 等 学 校 招 生 统 一 考 试 上 海 高 考 英 语 模 拟 试 卷 1I.Listening comprehension略 IL Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passagecoherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in eachblank with the proper f

2、orm of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word thatbest fits each blank.Be Alone TogetherAmong the most upsetting aspects of the lockdowns that occurred in 2020 due tothe pandemic,especially for those who live in dense cities,was the closure of manypublic parks and green spaces.As the order

3、s went out,people were warned that(2 1)they should try to walk around,get some sun：there could benodensity,no basketball games,no close contact,thafs the rule.The message was clear:Stay away from(2 2).In Washington,D.C.,where I live,road access was blocked to the Tidal Basin inlate March,as the city

4、*s famous cherry blossoms reached the peak of their annualbloom.The National Arboretum was closed,and all the facilities that the city parksdepartment oversaw(2 3)(remain)closed.Officially,nature was more or less off-limits Just as spring arrived.Yet as theweather warmed,and the light stayed later a

5、nd later into the evening,people emergedfrom their homes.The streets,mostly emptied of vehicle traffic,created space forrunners,allowing them(24)(leave)the sidewalks for families and dogwalkers.In my neighborhood,a small private park,(2 5)(locate)behind ablock of houses,became a place to stretch out

6、 and read a book under the sun.(2 6)the virus,I didnt go to the park very often.But then,I found myself(2 7)(visit)more frequently,sometimes in the middle of the day.And so,Inoticed,were my neighbors.People sat in the grass,walked their dogs,and played catch with their kids.Thepark never became genu

7、inely crowded,but it was always populated,and in it youcould see other people and,park on a sunny afternoon had become(2 9)weall regarded as necessary.We were all alone in this strange time,this familiar yetdeeply foreign place(3 0)everyone was told to stay apart.But at least wehad found a way to be

8、 alone together.Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each wordcan only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.capable B.controllable C.faint D.ideal E.landscape F.outpacingG.perceive H.physical L promise J.scrub K.supportingYoull Nev

9、er Be Truly AloneIn the decades to come,a large number of home robots could make today5 sappliances seem interesting.The market for consumer and office robots is expected todevelop quickly in the next three years,according to a 2015 report by BusinessInsider Intelligence,being greater than$1.5 billi

10、on and far 31 the growthof robots in manufacturing.We already have robots that clean the house,like the Roomba,but in the futurewell also have robot arms that can 32 surfaces and bathe people,says Christopher Atkeson,a roboticist at Carnegie Mellon,whose lab has producedsuch machines.Eventually,robo

11、ts will fold laundry and cook meals.And if they workwell,you won*t even notice them.The key to effective robots is being 33of predicting what people will do,says Julie Shah,the head of the InteractiveRobotics Group at MIT.nThe idea is either 34 people or staying out oftheir way?That said,some people

12、 may want a robot that hangs around.In Japan,a friendlyhumanoid robot called Pepper that can 35 and respond to human emotionhas proved enormously popular since it went on sale two years ago.Pepper might turnout to be the 3 6 roommate一 helpful,kind,and always up for hangingout,but never in the way.Pe

13、rhaps the already 37 line between online and offline life willdisappear,and human relationships with intelligent machines will represent a newextension of our social 3 8.Your in-house robot could serve as anavatar（化 身）fdr friends and family,39 from afar so that,with the helpof robotic arms and legs,

14、you could dance with or hug a loved one who is halfwayaround the planet.The real 4 0 o f o r problem with-the house of thefuture,then,might be that you41 never have to leave it.III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrasesmarked

15、A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits thecontext.Once upon a time there lived in Germany two brothers who loved a goodstory-one with magic and danger,royalty and villains（恶 棍）At school they met awise man who led them to a treasure一 a library of old books with tales mo

16、reappealing than any they had ever heard.41 the brothers begancollecting their own stories,listening to the folktales people told them.Soon they42 their own treasure 一 a book of fairy tales that would charm millionsin faraway lands for generations to come.The brother Grimm,Jacob and Wihelm,named the

17、ir story collection Childrens andHousehold Tales and published it in Germany in 1812.The collection,which has beentranslated into more than 160 languages is a publishing 4 3.Thestories and their characters have appeared in theater,opera,comic books,movies,paintings,rock music,advertising,and even fa

18、shion.Such 44 would have shocked the humble Grimms.During theirlifetimes,the book sold few copies in Germany.The early editions were not even4 5 children.They had no illustrations,and scholarly footnotes took upalmost as much space as the tales themselves.Jacob and Wihelm Grimm viewedthemselves a s

19、4 6 students of folklore.They began their work at a timewhen Germany had been occupied by the French under Napolean.As young scholars,the brothers Grimms began work on the fairy tale collection in order to save theendangered oral storytelling tradition of GermanyLong before the Grimms1 time,47 devel

20、oped in inns,bams,andpeasant homes.During winter nights,as they sat spinning wood,women kept eachother company and entertained each other with tales of adventure,romance,andmagic.4 8,40 such storytellers delivered tales to the Grimms,many ofthem coming to their house in Kassel.Although the brothers

21、implied that they wereju s t 4 9 the tales,Wilhelm polished and reshaped them up to the finaledition of 1857.In an effort to make them more 50 to children and theirparents,he stressed the moral of each tale,and emphasized gender roles.According tothe Grimms,the collection served as na manual o f 51.

22、To this day,parents read them to their children because they approve of the lessons in the stories:keep your promises,dont talk to strangers,work hard,obey your parents.So what 52 their popularity?Some have suggested it is because thecharacters are always striving for happiness.But the truth probabl

23、y lies in their5 3.The Grimms tales were bom out of a storytelling tradition without5 4 of age or culture.The brothers skill was to translate these into auniversal style of writing that seems to mirror whatever moods or interests we bring toour 55 of them.And so it was that the Grimms fairy tales li

24、ved happilyever after.41.A.Inspired B.Disappointed C.Discouraged D.Relieved42.A.estimated B.produced C sacrificed D.stocked43.A.medium B.partnership C.finding D.phenomenon44.A.quality B.wealth C.fame D.perspective45.A.marked as B.robbed of C.aimed at D.preventedfrom46.A.intelligent B.hardworking C.p

25、eculiar D.patriotic47.A.collection B.storytelling C.entertainment D.literacy48.A.Besides B.Altogether C.However D.Similarly49.A.creating B.developing C.reviewing D.recording50.A.accustomed B.acceptable C.cruel D.compared51.A.manners B.parentship C.publishing D.adaptation52.A.results from B.depends o

26、n C.accounts for D.responds to53.A.appeal B.flexibility C.availability D.origin54.A.boundaries B.influences C.indications D.distributions55.A.writing B.sharing C.reading D.beginningSection BDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by severalquestions or unfinished statem

27、ents.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in thepassage you have just read.(A)There*s a dreamy atmosphere to Adjuntas,a coffee town in the Valley of theSleeping Giant high in the mountains of Puerto Rico.A passion

28、 for the land and itscustoms runs through this place,where people say their families have lived“sinceforeverA and formal good manners rule daily life.You smell it in the surroundingstreets,where food is cooked at roadside barbecues.You see it in the graceful horsesparaded through town on holidays,an

29、d you feel it in the large,elegant square,with itsfountains and stone benches.Several decades ago,this love of the land motivated the local people to oppose amassive mining operation.The mountains surrounding Adjuntas are rich with gold,silver,copper,and zinc and the Puerto Rican government had rese

30、rved about 30square miles for mineral exploitation.People fought to protect the land despite the promise of jobs and money.Theywere saved by growing coffee and selling it throughout Puerto Rico.The profitshelped the group persuade the government to transform the mining zone into anational park,El Bo

31、sque del Pueblo,which is now protected by law.Opened in 1998,the park runs a reforestation program allowing young and old to plant trees whereland has been excavated(挖 掘)JWe have never learned to manage the forest/9 saidTinti Deya,a local resident.ccWe5re like children doing everything fbr the first

32、 time,except in our case were grandmothers.nGrandmothers are everywhere in Adjuntas and theyre all respectfully addressed asDofia.Lala Echevarria,an 85-year-old great-great-grandmother,was bom on theoldest street in town,where she still lives in a small home.She grew up beforeelectricity and running

33、 water,and remembers when the first car arrived in Adjuntas.“As a child,I used to spend all my time carrying water,finding firewood,lookingafter the chickens and the cows,“she said.nThere were sixteen of us.We would washour clothes in the river and we used to cook on an open fire.At meal times,we ki

34、dswould sit on the floor to eatDofia Lala was working as a maid when she met andmarried the love of her life,Mariano the mechanic.They had thirteen children andshared 44 years before he died in 1983.She shows me the dozens of photographs offour generations of descendants that now fill her tiny home.

35、56.What can be learned about Adjuntas from the first paragraph?A.The people there have a deep love of it.B.It is the very place where coffee originated.C.The streets are littered with food waste.D.The town is surrounded by barbecue site.57.nThe profits(in paragraph 3)refer to the money made from.A.p

36、rotecting the land B.mining valuable metalC.growing and selling coffee D.transforming the mining zone58.Which of the following statements is true of the reforestation program?A.Grandmothers play a vital role in it.B.Any one can plant trees in the mining zone.C.It did little to help the building of t

37、he national park.D.It was launched to protest against the mining operation.59.What is the last paragraph mainly about?A.Respect for grandmothers.B.A local womans life story.C.Major changes in Adjuntas.D.Dofias1 opinion of the town.（B）Experiment with Our FoodWant to cook up a delicious meal?It*s not

38、just about the food.We chat topsychologist Prof.Charles Spence about the strange science of gastrophysics.What exactly is astrophysics?Ifs a combination of gastronomy（美 食 学）and psychophysics,which involvesthe scientific study of how our experience of food and drink is affected by our sensesand our s

39、urroundings,not just the food itself.Its a small but growing area of researchwhich brings together psychologists,neuroscientists,marketeers,chefs,productdesigners,and even musicians.So what kinds o f things can affect our sense o f taste?Pretty much everything!From the colour and shape of the plates

40、 to the weight andmaterial of the cutlery（餐 具），through to the shape of the table and the feel of thechair youre sitting on.Then theres the number of people youre with,the mood yourein,the lighting and background music in the restaurant,and memories associated withthe food.When you put all these fact

41、ors together,it adds up a lot.Whats the most surprising way in which our taste can he influenced?Its the idea of6sonic seasoning which uses sounds to change the taste of food.You can add as much as 15 per cent extra sweetness,sourness,or bitterness to a foodsimply by playing the right sort of music.

42、W e*ve created music to enhance sweetnessand bitterness,and we also have music for sour,and spicy foods.Working with theMichelin-starred chocolatier Dominique Persoone in Belgium,we even showed that ifwe played“creamy”music in his stores we could add extra creaminess to hischocolate.Neuroscientists

43、have found direct connections in the mouse brain between thesenses of smell and sound,so it might be that this occurs in humans too.Sonicseasoning is already being used to enhance meals in fancy restaurants,but we couldalso see it being used to benefit health by,for example,playing sweet music so th

44、atwere happy with less sugar in our food.Whats the most innovative use o f gastrophysics yourve seen?Theres a lot happening in the world of cutlery design.Heston Blumenthafs restaurantThe Fat Duck is currently serving a dish called Counting Sheep,which comes with afluffy(毛 茸 茸 的),weighted spoon that

45、 smells of baby powder,designed to enhancethe eating experience.Weve found that food tends to taste better with heaviercutlery-possibly because we associate weight with quality.6O.Which of the following statements is true of gastrophysics?A.It covers different subjects.B.It neglects food to some ext

46、ent.C.It has been in existence for long.D.It is created by a psychophysicist.61.According to Charles Spence,how can sonic seasoning be used to do good to ourhealth?A.Helping us to be more resistant to the temptation to eat unhealthy food.B.Playing some music to make us feel our food is sweeter than

47、it really is.C.Making experiments with mice to find out what food benefits our health.0.Training human brains to associate certain sounds with a particular flavour.62.Which of the following examples best illustrates the use of gastrophysics?A.A restaurant hires a psychologist to design its layout.B.

48、A restaurant varies the sweetness of its food.C.A restaurant uses heavier plates to serve food.D.A restaurant asks its customers for suggestions.(C)The ocean bottom一 a region nearly 2.5 times greater than the total land area ofthe Earth一 is a vast frontier that even today is largely unexplored and u

49、ncharted.Untilabout a century ago,the deep-ocean floor was completely inaccessible,hiddenbeneath waters averaging over 3,6000 meters deep.Totally without light andsubjected to intense pressures hundreds of times greater than at the Earths surface,thedeep-ocean bottom is an unfriendly environment to

50、humans,in some ways asforbidding and remote as outer space.Although researchers have taken samples of deep-ocean rocks and sediments（沉 淀 物）fdr over a century,the first detailed global investigation of the ocean bottomdid not actually start until 1968,with the beginning of the National ScienceFoundat