2022-2023学年广东省江门市第一中学校高一上学期期中考试英语试题 （解析版）.docx

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1、江门学校2022-2023学年第一学期期中考试高一英语（本试卷共八部分，共12页，满分150分，用时120分钟）第一部分听力理解（本大题有10小题，每小题2分，共20分）听下面4段对话。每段对话后有一个小题.从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What does the man advise the woman to do?A. Save some money.B. Rent an apartment.C. Buy a new computer.2. What will Jim most pr

2、obably do this afternoon?A. Go climbing.B. Practice the piano.C. Take a piano test.3. What does David want to learn at university?A. Art.B. Engineering.C. Medicine.4. What are the speakers talking about?A. The mans plan.B. The mans report.C. The mans trouble.听下面两段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从所听到的内容中获取信息，回答相

3、 应小题。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各原小题将 给出5秒的作答的同。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第5段材料，回答第5至7题。5. What did Alina do during the holiday?A. She did volunteer work.B. She studied at the library.【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了大学生可参与的一些国外志愿者项目。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据 Wildlife Conservation Projects 中的 u However, before starting the pr

4、ojects, college students have to attend an online meeting to see if they are suitable for the job, during which they need to answer some questions.（然而，在开始项目之前，大学生必须参加一个在线会议，看看他们是否适合这份工作，在此期 间他们需要回答一些问题）”可知，如果要参与这些项目，大学生需要先参加一个在线面试。故选B。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据 Short -term Volunteer Programs （2-week Specials）中

5、的 “The 2-week Special Volunteer Programs are made fbr college students who have less time to contribute but want to travel and volunteer abroad. Most of the programs are located in beautiful places and are extremely affordable.（ “两周特别志愿者计划”是 为那些没有时间做贡献但又想出国旅行和做志愿者的大学生而制定的。大多数项目都位于美丽的地方，而 且价格非常实惠）”可知

6、，这个项目时间只有2周，并且价格实惠，适合没有太多时间且经济不宽裕的大学 生。故选B。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据 Community Development Projects 中的 u Volunteers will be working to build or repair houses, school premises （校舍）,and shelter homes.（志愿者将建造或修理房屋、校舍和收容所）”可知，志愿 者会参与盖房子或修理房子，即承担一些建造工作。故选A。BMarine cold spells are cold versions of heat waves: perio

7、ds of exceptionally cold water which are able to hurt or help the ecosystems they hit. Today, the oceans experience just 25% of the cold spell days they did in the 1980s, and cold spells are about 15% less intense （强烈的），according to a new study. Weaker cold spells could mean theyre less likely to ca

8、use mass die-off events, but having fewer cold spells also means recovery periods from marine heat waves are disappearing.Recently, studies have focused more on heat waves and warm ocean temperature events than on the cold events J said lead author Yuxin Wang, an ocean and climate scientist. Because

9、 marine cold spells have both positive and negative impacts, understanding when, where and why these spells appear is very important fbr fisheries, longterm planning.Wang and her colleagues analyzed sea surface temperature data from 1982 to 2020, checking for periods of either terribly hot or cold t

10、emperatures. They found that oceans are warming, and sea surface temperatures are becoming variable over time. That variability leads the intensities of marine heat waves and cold spells to change at different rates, making it more difficult for scientists to forecast （预测）each.Establishing global tr

11、ends in marine cold spells and their relationship to global warming is an important step, but further studies are needed to control regional and local effects. Those local effects include impacts on fisheries. “Marine cold spells play double roles in influencing ecosystems J Wang said. Cold spells c

12、an cause terrible impacts. But they can counteract the impacts of heat waves.Extreme （极端 ）events affect coastal communities and economies, but members of the public might not be aware of how theyre going to intensify in the future. We need to get the word out. said Darmaraki, a physical oceanographe

13、r. Information about the underlying physical causes of these extreme events can help improve the forecast. That information can be provided for fisheries. The earlier communities know what to expect, the better they can prepare.29. How does the author bring up the topic?A. By referring to popular vi

14、ews on marine cold spellsB. By describing the bad influence of climate change.C. By introducing changes in marine cold spells.D. By comparing cold spells and heat waves.30. What does Yuxin Wang mention about cold events in Paragraph 2?A. Previous data on them is useless.B. They have little impact on

15、 ecosystems.C. They can last longer with human effort.D. Research into them is of great value.31. What does the underlined word “counteract“ in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Strengthen.B. Reduce.C. Spread.D. Prove.32. What do Darmarakis words mainly suggest?A. The publics knowledge of extreme events

16、should be improved.B. Various threats limit the development of coastal communities.C. Researchers lack experience in dealing with extreme eventsD. Weaker cold spells are beneficial to the fishing industry.【答案】29. C 30. D 31. B 32. A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲的是海洋寒潮所发生的变化以及它所带来的影响。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的 u T

17、oday, the oceans experience just 25% of the cold spell days they did in the 1980s, and cold spells are about 15% less intense （强烈的），according to a new study. Weaker cold spells could mean theyre less likely to cause mass die-off events, but having fewer cold spells also means recovery periods from m

18、arine heat waves are disappearing海洋寒潮是热浪的冷版本：异常寒冷的海水能够伤害或帮助它们所袭击 的生态系统。根据一项新的研究，今天，海洋的寒冷天数只有20世纪80年代的25%,寒冷天气的强度也 降低了 15%左右）”可知，作者是通过引入海洋寒潮的变化提出话题的。故选C。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的 “Because marine cold spells have both positive and negative impacts, understanding when, where and why these spells appear is ve

19、ry important for fisheries9 long-term planning.（由于海洋寒潮既有 积极的影响，也有消极的影响，了解这些寒潮出现的时间、地点和原因对渔业的长期规划非常重要）”可 知，Yuxin Wang提到了对寒冷事件进行研究是非常有价值的。故选D。【31题详解】词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段的 “Marine cold spells play double roles in influencing ecosystems（海洋寒潮在 影响生态系统方面起着双重作用），“Cold spells can cause terrible impacts.（寒潮会造成可怕的影响）

20、”和 “the impacts of heat waves（热浪的影响）”可知，寒潮会减少热浪的影响。由此推知，划线词counteract的意思是“减少”，和reduce意思相近，故选B。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的 “Information about the underlying physical causes of these extreme events can help improve the forecast. That information can be provided for fisheries. The earlier communities know wha

21、t to expect, the better they can prepare.（有关这些极端事件潜在物理原因的信息有助于改善预测。这些信息可以提 供给渔业。社区越早知道会发生什么，就能做得越好）”可知，Darmaraki的话主要暗示了公众对极端事件 的认识应该提高。故选A。CAs much as I love watching Olympic diving, Ive never understood why athletes hurry off to the showers and then proceedto relax in a hot tub （热水浴，也）after each di

22、ve. Theyre already wet. Theyre only in the pool for a handful of seconds, so its not like they need to get cleaned up. And doesnt taking a shower serve the same purpose as sitting in a hot tub?Actually, that9s what Olympic divers usually do between dives as they know very well about the importance o

23、f warm-ups and cool-downs. So, whats the actual reason?As it turns out, showers and hot tubs are used pretty interchangeably by the swimming pool. However, there is a need for both. First, lets start with why divers need to take a shower between dives. It has to do with body temperature and keeping

24、their muscles relaxed.As you can imagine, practicing dives in the pool, then having to keep your body warm in a shower, and then jumping off a 10-meter platform and into cold water couldnt be comfortable for anyone. Going back and forth between these warm and cool temperatures can cause a divers mus

25、cles to tense or cramp up（痉挛），which can lead to injuries to the muscles. Showers allow an Olympic diver to recover and prevent that.In that way, showers and hot tubs serve the same purpose. A hot tub is generally used if you have a bit more time between dives and have already stretched. The shower w

26、alls on the pool deck can typically provide enough space for more divers at the same time, and theyre especially helpful for athletes who need to stretch or who only have a few minutes be tween dives. Just like Olympic swimmers depend on thick clothes to keep their muscles warm, Olympic divers rely

27、on these methods to stay loose. If you ask me, its not a bad way to pass the time!33. What does the underlined word “proceed“ in Paragraph 1 mean?A. Fail.B. Continue.C. Stop.D. Afford.34. Why do the athletes need showers after diving?A. To fully clean their body.B. To rest and wait for the results.C

28、. To avoid possible muscle injuries.D. To stop themselves from catching a cold.35. What does the last paragraph suggest?A. The shower walls are designed for divers in the final round.B. Olympic swimmers need to stay warm using hot tubs.C. Athletes usually do some activities to pass the time.D. Hot t

29、ubs are as important as showers for divers.36. What is the authors purpose in writing this text?A. To tell us the difference between diving and swimming.B. To explain some little-known knowledge about divers.C. To compare cold showers with the hot bath.D. To provide some diving advice for us.【答案】33.

30、B34. C 35. D 36. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要是告诉人们跳水运动员跳水完后淋浴的主要原因。【33题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句 Ive never understood why athletes hurry off to the showers and then proceed to relax in a hot tub （热水浴池）after each dive.（我一直不明白,为什么运动员每次潜水后都匆匆忙忙地去 洗澡，然后proceed在热水浴缸里放松。）可知，游泳运动员跳水完后会去洗澡，之后接着在热水浴池放 松身体，可推知，划线词此处指“继续”含义，

31、故选B。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中 “As you can imagine, practicing dives in the pool, then having to keep your body warm in a shower, and then jumping off a 10-meter platform and into cold water couldnt be comfortable for anyone. Going back and forth between these warm and cool temperatures can cause a divers

32、muscles to tense or cramp up（痉挛），which can lead to injuries to the muscles. Showers allow an Olympic diver to recover and prevent that.（你可以想象，在游泳池里练习潜水，然后在淋浴时保持身体温暖，然后从10米高的平台 上跳入冷水中，对任何人来说都不会舒服。在这些温暖和凉爽的温度之间来回穿梭可能导致潜水员的肌肉 紧张或抽筋，这可能导致肌肉受伤。淋浴可以让奥林匹克跳水运动员恢复并防止这种情况发生。）可知， 运动员跳水，因为水的暖热温度的交替，可能会使运动员的肌肉受伤

33、，而跳水结束后的淋浴对运动员而 言，可以使运动员避免肌肉受伤情况的发生。故选C。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句In that way, showers and hot tubs serve the same purpose.（这样一来，淋浴和热水浴池就起到了同样的作用。）结合倒数第二段最后一句 Showers allow an Olympic diver to recover and prevent that（淋浴可以让奥林匹克跳水运动员恢复并防止这种情况发生。）可知，本段承接前 文，主要说明热水浴池和淋浴的重要性是同样的。故选D。【36题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段第一句 Iv

34、e never understood why athletes hurry off to the showers and then proceed to relax in a hot tub （热水浴池）after each dive.（我一直不明白，为什么运动员每次潜水后都匆匆忙忙地去 洗澡，然后继续在热水浴缸里放松。）第二段最后一句“So, whats the actual reason?”（那么，真正的原因 是什么？）可知，作者写本篇文章主要是告诉人们跳水运动员跳水完后淋浴的主要原因。故选B。DI start my workday early, parking myself in fro

35、nt of my home computer and often forgetting to get up for hours. But one thing T try to do every day is take a ten-minute walk around midday.Walking at lunchtime is a smart thing to do, a new study finds. This doesnt seem like news. After all, weve known forever that doing exercise is good for us. B

36、ut as The New York Times points out, those fitness studies typically looked at the effects of exercise plans in the long run. This new study looks at changes that happen more quickly, from one day to the next or even from this hour to the next hour.For the study, researchers gathered a group of most

37、ly sedentary（久坐的）office workers in the UK. All were out of shape, but otherwise emotionally and physically healthy. Researchers asked them to take 30-minute lunchtime walks, three days a week for 10 weeks. The volunteers were also asked to install apps on their phones, so that the researchers could

38、send the volunteers questions after they walked. Then the researchers used those answers to judge how the volunteers were feeling about life and work, and to measure their feelings about everything from stress and tension to motivation.When the researchers compared the volunteers9 answers on the aft

39、ernoons when they walked to those on the afternoons they didnt walk, there was quite a difference. On the days when they had a lunchtime walk, the volunteers said they felt less stressed, more energetic and more relaxed versus（与相对）on the days when theydidnt walk.Unfortunately, the researchers said m

40、any of the volunteers didnt believe theyd be able to continue walking once the study ended, mainly because they were expected to work through their lunch breaks. Ifs an understandable response, but a sad one.37. How does the new study differ from other fitness studies?A. It calls on people to have a

41、 walk after lunch.B. It focuses on the short-term effects of walking.C. It mainly pays attention to sedentary office workers.D. It aims at studying the relationship between exercise and health.38. Why were the volunteers required to install apps on their phones?A. To record their time spent online.B

42、. To know how long they walked.C. To prevent them from getting lost.D. To respond to the researchers1 questions.39. What is the finding of the new study?A. Lunchtime walks can soon improve peoples mood.B. Office workers usually have little time to go for a walk.C. A sedentary lifestyle is linked to

43、an increased risk of disease.D. Walking brings more advantages to people than other exercise.40. What can we infer about the volunteers from the last paragraph?A. They will spend more time walking.B. Some of them tend to be more outgoing.C. Most of them will perform better at work.D. They may stop l

44、unchtime walks due to work pressure.【答案】37.B38. D 39. A 40. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍的是一项新的研究，该研究发现在午餐后，短暂的散步是一件明智的事情， 这能快速改善你的情绪。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的 “But as The New York Times points out, those fitness studies typically looked at the effects of exercise plans in the long run. （1 IE$n纽约时报指出的那样，这些健身研究通常着

45、眼于长期锻炼 计戈U的影响。 ）“ 以及“This new study looks at changes that happen more quickly, from one day to the next or even from this hour to the next hour.（这项新研究着眼于发生得更快的变化，从一天到第二天，甚至从这个小 时到下一个小时。）”可知，该研究主要是关注的是散步对一个人在每天之间甚至是每个小时间的发生的变 化，也就是对人们的短期影响。故选B项。【38题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的 “The volunteers were also asked to

46、install apps on their phones, so that the researchers could send the volunteers questions after they walked. Then the researchers used those answers to judge how the volunteers were feeling about life and work, and to measure their feelings about everything from stress and tension to motivation.（志愿者

47、还被要求在手机上安装应用程序，以便研究人员可以 在志愿者走路后向他们发送问题。然后，研究人员使用这些答案来判断志愿者对生活和工作的感受，并衡量 他们对从压力和紧张到动机等一切事物的感受。）”可知，志愿者要求安装app是为了在散步后发送问题给 志愿者，让他们回答，然后根据他们的回答做出分析和判断。故选D项。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的On the days when they had a lunchtime walk, the volunteers said they felt less stressed, more energetic and more relaxed versus

48、（与相对）on the days when they didnt walk.（在午餐H寸间散步的日子里，志愿者们说，与不走路的日子相比，他们感到压力更小，更有活力，更放松。）”可知，午 餐时间散步与不散步的日子进行比较发现，午餐后散步可以让他们感觉压力变小，精力更充沛，更轻松， 由此可知，午餐散步能改变人的情绪。故选A项。【40题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的 Unfortunately, the researchers said many of the volunteers didnt believe theyd be able to continue walking once the study ended, mainly because they were expected to work through their lunch breaks.（不幸的是，研究人员表示，许多志愿者认为一旦研究结束，他们就不能继续餐后散步，主要是因为 他们需要在午休时间工作。）”可知，志愿者认为在研究结束后，他们可能在午餐休息时间去工作，而不是 继续餐后散步，由此可推断，志愿者很可能由于工作原因而停止午餐后散步。故选D项。第二节 七选五（共五个小题，每个小题2分，共10分）阅