2022-2023学年重庆市第一中学高一上学期期末考试 英语.docx

《2022-2023学年重庆市第一中学高一上学期期末考试 英语.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022-2023学年重庆市第一中学高一上学期期末考试 英语.docx（27页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、重庆一中高2025届高一上期期末考试英语试题卷英语试题卷共10页。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。注意事项:1 .答题前，务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。2 .答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。3 .答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上。4 .所有题目必须在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上答题无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题L5分,满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试

2、卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What are the speakers talking about?A. A travel plan. B. A spelling mistake. C. The womans hometown.2. What is the relationship between the woman and Mike?A. Teacher and student. B. Fellow workers. C. Mother and son.3. What does the man suggest Geo

3、rge do?A. Have a good rest. B. Look fbr a new job. C. Travel around the world.4. What does the woman think of the sharks?A. Amazing. B. Frightening. C. Friendly.5. What do we know about Peter?A. He isnt talkative. B. He studied very hard. C. He failed to get into college.第二节（共15小题；每小题L5分,满分22.5分）听下面

4、5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。全科免费下载公众号-高中僧课堂6. How many times did the woman call the man yesterday?A. Once. B. Twice. C. Three times.on your own/Dr Witchel said.（“然而，行为生态学的观点认为，所有的微笑都是社交中使用的工具，这

5、意 味着快乐既不是微笑的必要条件，也不是微笑的充分条件。我们的研究表明，在这些人机交互实验中，微 笑不是由快乐驱动的；它与主观参与有关，就像一种微笑的社交燃料，即使是独自与电脑进行社 交。” Witchel博士说。）由此我们可以从行为生态学理论中推断出，微笑通常与社会活动有关。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段 “ Participants didnt tend to smile during the period when they were trying to figure out the answers. However, they did smile right after

6、 the computer informed them whether their answer was correct or not. Surprisingly, participants smiled more often when they got the answer wrong. Dr Witchel added, During these computerized quizzes, smiling greatly increased just after they answered questions incorrectly. This behavior could not be

7、explained by ratings of happiness or frustration.（在试着找出答案的过程中，参与者往往不会微 笑。然而，当电脑告诉他们答案是否正确时，他们确实微笑了。令人惊讶的是，当参与者回答错误时，他 们微笑的次数更多。维切尔博士补充说：“在这些电脑测试中，他们在回答错误的问题后微笑大大增加。 这种行为不能用幸福或沮丧的评分来解释。”）由此可知，在Witchel博士会同意，当答案正确时，参与 者微笑了。故选B。11题详解】主旨大意题。 根据第段 “It is widely believed that smiling means a person is happ

8、y, and it usually occurs when theyre meeting another person or a group of people. However, a new study led by Dr. Harry Witchel, a body language expert, shows that it is not always the case.（人们普遍认为，微笑意味着一个人很快乐，通常出现在 他们与另一个人或一群人见面的时候。然而，身体语言专家Harry Witchel博士领导的一项新研究表明，情 况并非总是如此。）”结合文章主要说明了人们普遍认为微笑意味着

9、一个人是快乐的，但是研究表明，微 笑仅仅是社交的需要，并不表明这个人一定快乐。由此可知，D选项“微笑并不一定意味着快乐”最符合 文章标题。故选D。DYou may not know it, but your brain is already an amazing vocabulary learning machine. When you read or listen to something, your brain doesnt take each word at face value: its continuously taking statistics about which words

10、appear together regularly so that it can expect whats coming next and process speech faster.Our brains continuously release electrical signals, which change depending on what task your brain is dealing with. Scientists can use a technique to read some of these to study how your brain processes langu

11、age.One of these signals, called N400, changes depending on whether words make sense in context or not. TheN400 is relatively small for expected word combinations, like coffee and cream, and increases in height for unexpected word combinations, like coffee and cap. This means that scientists can rea

12、d the N400 height to analyzethe kind of expectations you have about which words usually appear together.In language learners, the N400 changes based on proficiency （熟练程度）.The better people get at a language, the closer their N400 pattern is to native speakers. This means that an important part of la

13、nguage proficiency is taking statistics and building expectations about what words usually appear together, just as native speakers do.To get better at this, we need to flood our brains with loads of natural content, so we can build up a picture of which kinds of words usually appear together. Readi

14、ng is a great way to do this and theres lots of research that shows that reading works wonders for your vocabulary skills.However, it is important to remember that if there are too many unknown words, it can be difficult to figure out what they mean from the context. And it is unpleasant having to s

15、top every two miles to look up a word. Graded readers, which are books adapted to make them easier to understand at lower levels, are perfect for learners of foreign languages.12. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 1?A. To state a fact.B. To offer a suggestion.C. To make a comparison.D.

16、To propose a definition.13. What does it mean if the N400 increases?A. We make sense of some word combinations in a context.B. We combine some new words to make a sentence.C. We memorize some word combinations to learn a language.D. We meet some word combinations beyond our expectations.14. How can

17、we have a native speaker-like N400 pattern according to the author?A. By reading some books about vocabulary skills.B. By reading lots of natural content.C. By reading loads of books about nature and drawing pictures.D. By reading authentic content to increase our vocabulary.15. What can we infer fr

18、om the last paragraph?A. It is more beneficial to read easy books.B. It is important to look up new words.C. We should mainly read adapted books.D. We should choose materials right for our level.【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。讲述了我们的大脑是一个词汇学习机器，研究者用N40。来研究了大脑是如 何处理我们所遇到的单词组合，并且提出学习语言时，应选择适合自己水平的读本。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据文

19、章第一段首句 “You may not know it, but your brain is already an amazing vocabulary learning machine.（你可能不知道，但是你的大脑已经是一个很好的词汇学习机器。）”可知，后文举例说 明你的大脑是一个很好的词汇学习机器，故第一段的目的是为了陈述我们的大脑是词汇学习机器的这个事 实，故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段 “The N400 is relatively small for expected word combinations, like coffee and cream, and inc

20、reases in height for unexpected word combinations, like coffee and cap.（对于预料中的单词组 合，比如说咖啡和冰淇淋，N400相对来说比较低；但是对于预料之外的单词组合时，比如说咖啡和帽 子，N400就会增加。）”可知，如果N400上升的话，那就意味着我们遇到了意料之外的单词组合，故选 Do【14题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段To get better at this, we need to flood our brains with loads of natural content, so we can build

21、 up a picture of which kinds of words usually appear together.（为了 更擅长这点，我们需 要让我们大脑充满自然的语言内容，这样的话，我们就能在大脑里建造一副图片，图片里是哪些单词通常 一起出现。）”可知，如果我们想要像本土人一样的N400模式，我们需要读很多的自然语言内容，故选 Bo【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后段 u Graded readers, which are books adapted to make them easier to understand at lower levels, are perfect f

22、or learners of foreign languages.（分级读本对于外语学习者来说是最好的选择，因为 它们是改编读本，主要是为了较低水平的阅读者能更容易理解。）”可知，在选择阅读读本时，我们应该 根据自己的水平选择适合的读本，这样的话才有利于学习，故选D。ETwo thirds of the ice in the glaciers （冰川）of the Alps is doomed! These glaciers will melt by the end of the century as global temperatures rise, according to a recen

23、t study.Scientists claim that half the ice held in some 4,000 Alpine glaciers will disappear by 2050 due to global warming through the effect of past emissions. After that, even if carbon emissions drop to zero, two-thirds of the ice will still have melted by 2100. If emissions continue to rise at t

24、he current rate, the ice tongues will have all but disappeared from Alpine valleys by the end of the century. The most pessimistic prediction tells us that the Alps will be mostly ice-free by 2100. Only isolated ice patches would remain at high altitudes, representing five per cent, at most, of the

25、ice volume seen today.The researchers warn that the loss of these glaciers will mean much less water is available for farming and hydroelectricity, especially during droughts. It would also affect nature and tourism.In February, a study found that a third of the huge ice fields in Asias towering mou

26、ntain chains were also under threat for the same reasons. This will lead to serious consequences for almost two billion people who live downstream. Glaciers along the Hindu Kush and Himalayan range are at higher, colder altitudes. If global carbon emissions are not cut, however, two-thirds of their

27、ice could be gone by 2100.The latest research combined computer models with real-world data to forecast the fate of the glaciers. It used 2017 as its starting point. Unlike previous work, these models included how the glaciers move down the mountains. Applying this approach to other glaciated mounta

28、in chains could improve ice loss forecasts there.Cutting the emissions from fossil-fuel burning, deforestation and other polluting activities is the biggest factor in minimizing the melting of the ice. The future of these glaciers is indeed at risk, but there is still a possibility of limiting their

29、 disappearance.16. What does the underlined word “doomed mean in paragraph 1?A. Polluted.B. Discovered.C. Endangered.D. Abandoned.17. What can we infer from paragraph 2?A. Emissions have much to do with the ice melting.B. The Alps is expected to lose all its ice by 2100.C. Ice loss will be avoided w

30、ith emissions prevented.D. Large ice pieces will just exist at the mountain top.18. Why are the Asias ice fields mentioned in paragraph 4?A. To explain how glacier melting came about.B. To imply pollution is a worldwide problem.C. To show what consequences ice melting will cause.D. To indicate the A

31、lps is not alone to face ice melting.19. What is the writers attitude towards the future of glaciers?A. Objective.B. Optimistic.C. Critical.D. Doubtful.【答案】16.C17.A18. D 19. A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了阿尔卑斯山和亚洲的冰川面临严重威胁，可能在本世纪末融化， 文中分析了其原因，同时也提出了解决问题的思路。【16题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词后 “These glaciers will melt by th

32、e end of the century as global temperatures rise, according to a recent study.（根据最近的一项研究，随着全球气温的上升，这些冰川将在本世纪末融化）”可 知，冰川将在本世纪末融化，由此推知，划线词所在句中的“阿尔卑斯山的冰川”也面临同样的威胁，结 合选项可知，划线词doomed与endangered同义，意为“有危险的”。故选C项。【17题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中 “ Scientists claim that half the ice held in some 4,000 Alpine glaciers wil

33、l disappear by 2050 due to global warming through the effect of past emissions. After that, even if carbon emissions drop to zero, two-thirds of the ice will still have melted by 2100. If emissions continue to rise at the current rate, the ice tongues will have all but disappeared from Alpine valley

34、s by the end of the century.（科学家彳门预测，至（J 2050 年， 由于全球变暖，由于过去排放的影响，阿尔卑斯山4000多座冰川中一半的冰将消失。在那之后，即使碳 排放降至零，到2100年仍会有三分之二的冰融化。如果排放量继续以目前的速度增长，到本世纪末，这 些冰舌将几乎从阿尔卑斯山谷中消失）”可推知，碳排放与冰融化有很大关系。故选A项。【18题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中 “In February, a study found that a third of the huge ice fields in Asias towering mountain chai

35、ns were also under threat for the same reasons.（今年 2 月,一项研究发现，由于同样的原因，亚 洲高耸山脉中三分之一的巨大冰原也面临威胁）”可推知，第四段提到亚洲的冰原是为了表明阿尔卑斯山并 不是唯一面临冰融化的地方。故选D项。【19题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，并结合文章最后一段 uCutting the emissions from fossil-fuel burning, deforestation and other polluting activities is the biggest factor in minimizing the

36、melting of the ice. The future of these glaciersis indeed at risk, but there is still a possibility of limiting their disappearance.（减少化石燃料燃烧、森林砍伐和其 他污染活动的排放是最大限度地减少冰融化的最大因素。这些冰川的未来确实处于危险之中，但仍然有可 能限制它们的消失）”可知，文中作者表达了对碳排放造成冰川融化的担忧，但同时也提出改变这一情况的 可能，所以作者认为冰川的未来取决于人类自身，对冰川的未来持客观的态度。故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分

37、,满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Anxiety and depression are complex conditions. But can everyone benefit from teaming how to care for their mind? 20 Self-Compassion （自我关怀）21This can include feeling like you must be perfect to be accepted or an unrealistic sense of others1 expectatio

38、ns. The answer to perfectionism isnt letting it all go- its self-compassion, which means you are kind and understanding when faced with personal failures-after all, who ever said you were supposed to be perfect? How we treat ourselves through the ups and downs of life can have a huge impact on healt

39、h and mental health. Social ConnectionFrom the time we are born , we need social connection in order to grow and succeed. 22 It can be talking to one trusted person about how youre really doing or having a visit with any family member or friend. If this feels out of reach, try making a short list of

40、 people who at any point have given you a sense of belonging.23 ExerciseExercise can be important for preventing depression since having a sedentary （缺乏锻炼的）lifestyle is a risk factor. 24 Another study found that 12 weeks of exercise at 30 minutes, three to five times per week reduced symptoms by 47%

41、.So the best approach is: Get whatever support is in reach and care for your mind based on what works for you. A. It is important to be kind to yourselfB. But it doesnt have to be a big party or an office full of people.C. Being constantly self-critical is risky for anxiety and depression.D. It may

42、be vital to understand happiness when we struggle with mood.E. One study found that 15 minutes a day of exercise significantly prevents depression.F. The following behaviors are key ones linked to prevention of anxiety and depression.G. Studies have shown that just thinking of positive relationships

43、 can help you tolerate stress.【答案】20.F21. C 22. B 23. G 24. E【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。焦虑和抑郁是很复杂的情况，文章提出了三个预防或缓解焦虑和抑郁的有效方 法。【20题详解】根据上文“Anxiety and depression are complex conditions. But can everyone benefit from learning how to care for their mind?（焦虑和抑郁是复杂的情况。但是，每个人都能从学习如何照顾自己的心灵中受益吗?户的问题， 结合下文提出几种预防焦虑和抑郁的

44、方法可知，此处内容应对这个问题进行回答，并引出下文内容，F项“以下行为是预防焦虑和抑郁的关键。”符合文意，承上启下，故选F项。【21题详解】根据下文“This can include feeling like you must be perfect to be accepted or an unrealistic sense of others* expectations.（这包括你必须完美才能被接受，或者对别人的期望有一种不现实的感觉。厂可知人对自己的要 求过高，追求完美，那么就会进行自我批评，这很容易导致焦虑和抑郁，所以C项“不断地自我批评会导致 焦虑和抑郁。This指代“不断地自我批评”

45、，故选C项。【22题详解】前文内容“From the time we are born , we need social connection in order to grow and succeed.（从我们出生的时 候起，我们就需要社会联系来成长和成功。）提到我们要与社会联系，结合下文“It can be talking to one trusted person about how youre really doing or having a visit with any family member or friend.（可以是和个你信任的 人谈论你的真实情况，也可以是拜访任何家人或朋友

46、。户可知不需要与过多的人进行联系，所以B项，旦这 并不一定是一个大的派对或一办公室的人。符合文意，故选B项。【23题详解】根据上句“If this feels out of reach, try making a short list of people who at any point have given you a sense of belonging.（如果这让你觉得遥不可及，那就试着列出一些在任何时候都给你带来归属感的人。户可知，此处 建议与一些较为亲近，让你有归属感的人联系起来，G项”研究表明，思考积极的人际关系可以帮助你承受 压力。”说明了这个做法的理由，思考积极的人际关系帮助承

47、受压力，故选G项。【24题详解】根据上句“Exercise can be important for preventing depression since having a sedentary （缺乏锻炼的）lifestyle is a risk factor.（运动对预防抑郁症很重要，因为久坐的生活方式也是一个风险因素。）可知运动有助于预防抑 郁症， 结合下文“Another study found that 12 weeks of exercise at 30 minutes, three to five times per week reduced symptoms by 47%.（另

48、一项研究发现，12周30分钟的锻炼，每周3到5次，可以减少47%的症状。户可知运 动可以减少抑郁症状，所以E项”一项研究发现，每天15分钟的锻炼可以显著预防抑郁症。”符合文意，其 中“one study”对应“another study”，都在说明运动对应预防和缓解抑郁症的作用，故选E项。第三部分语言运用（共四节，满分45分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Thirty years ago, I was a senior high school student. One day after our test papers were 25 our math teacher asked twelve students who had made exactly the same mistakes to remain. There is nothing really new about26 in exams. Perhaps that was why she didnt even say a word about it. 27、she wrote on theblackboard the words by Thomas Macaul