2022-2023学年山东省济宁市高一上学期期末考试英语试题 （解析版）.docx

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1、2022-2023学年度第一学期质量检测高一英语试题注意事项:L答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2 .回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无 效。3 .考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和

2、阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What will the speakers do next?A. Play chess. B. Listen to music. C. Wake up their sister,2. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a shop. B. On a bus. C. On a street.3. What are the speakers talking about?A. Their study plans.B. Their exam results.C. Their favorit

3、e subjects.4. What happened to Jennifer?A. She did poorly in practice.B. She was injured in the match.C. She fell behind on her grades.5. When were the speakers supposed to meet?A. At 9:00, B. At 9:30. C. At 10:00.听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. How does Anna collect things about Chinese culture?A. By asking her

4、father for help.day.It turned out that what really affected students were high levels of anxiety during the weeks before the exam took place. The greater a students anxiety in the days before the exam, the lower his or her knowledge gain was during that period. To reduce this anxiety, she gives some

5、 advice for students to consider as they revise. First, they can raise their belief in their own abilities by reminding themselves of just how much they know. Second, they can diminishthe importance of the test by reminding themselves that, while it is important, it is not a life or death situation.

6、 It really isnt.12. What influences exam results based on the existing view?A. Exam levels.B. Exam schedule.C. Pressure of the exam hall.D. High expectations from teachers.13. How did Dr Theobald carry out the study?A. By interviewing students.B By collecting the former data.C. By referring to exper

7、ts advice.D By tracking students, performances.14. What does the underlined word “diminish probably mean in the last paragraph?A. Reduce.B. Affect.C. Realize.D. Understand.15. Which of the following is the suitable title for the text?A Never Too Late to ReviseB. Never Put Off Revision till TomorrowC

8、. Anxiety in Revision, Failure in ExamD. The More Pressure, The Better Results【答案】12.C13. D 14. A 15. C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究表明复习压力会影响你的考试成绩。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段前几句话 “Exams are brain-burning. The silence of the hall; the beating of the clock; the watchful eye of the teacher; the proud expression

9、of the person sitting at the neighbouring desk who has finished 15 minutes early. It therefore seems hardly surprising that those who feel anxious about taking tests do worse than those who do not.（考试是烧脑的。大厅的寂静；时钟的跳动；老师的警觉之眼；坐在邻桌的人的 骄傲表情，他提前15分钟完成了任务。因此，那些对考试感到焦虑的人比那些不焦虑的人做得更糟，这 似乎并不奇怪）”可推知，现有观点认为考试

10、时的紧张氛围（如考场的压力）会让一些学生感到有压力，甚 至焦虑，这会影响到他们的考试成绩。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段 “To test this idea, Dr Theobald worked with 309 German medical students who were preparing for their final exam, the most important that they take. During the 100 days before the real exam, these students used an online digital-lear

11、ning app which presented them with old exam questions and recorded their performance. And 40 days before the real exam, they also took a mock （模拟）exam. Their levels of anxiety were also be recorded and assessed （评定），every day for 40 days before the real exam and also on the day of that exam.（为了验证这一想

12、法，Theobald博士与309名德国医学生合作，他们正在准备期末考试，这是他们最 重要的考试。在真正考试前的100天里，这些学生使用了一个在线数字学习应用程序，向他们展示了旧的 考试问题并记录了他们的表现。在真正考试前40天，他们还参加了一次模拟考试。他们的焦虑程度也会 被记录和评估，在真正考试之前的40天以及考试当天，每天都会记录和评估）”可知，Theobald博士是通 过追踪学生的表现来实施的实验。故选D。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据最后一段 u Second, they can diminishthe importance of the test by reminding thems

13、elves that, while it is important, it is not a life or death situation第二，他们可以通过提醒自己，尽管考试很重要， 但这不是生死攸关的情况，从而diminish考试的重要性）”可知，如何降低考前的过度焦虑，我们可知告 诉自己考试并不是生死攸关的事情，这样就降低了考试的重要性。所以画线单词的意思是“减少”。故选Ao【15题详解】 主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了一项研究表明复习压力会影响你的考试成绩，在复习时压力越大，考试的成 绩就越糟糕。所以“复习焦虑、考试失败”适合作本文的标题。故选C。第二节（共5小题;每小题2. 5分,满分1

14、2. 5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Now, a growing number of people like traveling. To make traveling a worthwhile experience, you need to know the following things.First and foremost, when traveling in foreign countries, you have to respect their way of life. 16Otherwise, you may get yo

15、urself on the wrong side. Remember: When in Rome, do as the Romans do.17 Just make an effort to know as much as possible about your place. Get to know their religion, language, culture, etc. Learning does not mean you should be aware of everything. It includes appreciating obvious things, so you can

16、 interact better with the people of the country.Choosing proper time will make every penny count. High seasons are times when people travel in large numbers.18 You could save on tickets if there are not many tourists. In some places, you may find hotels are at a very low discount in the low season.P

17、lease be nice to the people that you meet. You will get treated in the way you interact with them. Share information with them, and you may get a nice experience in return. They may teach you their language, customs, lifestyles and so on. 19Dont think of the next time, Enjoy the present. 20 You can

18、interact more with the locals and take part in the activities they hold, which will make your trip a memorable one.A. You had better cut down on your spending.B. It requires you to see things from a different stand.C. You should prepare yourself about your destination.D. Besides, you may learn how t

19、hey call certain foods.E. Things change pretty fast, and you may have only one chance.F. During such times, you need to pay lots of money for your flight.G. Also, let them know your movements from time to time during the travel.【答案】16.B17. C 18. F 19. D 20. E【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了能够更好享受旅行的几条建议。【16题详解

20、】前文 u First and foremost, when traveling in foreign countries, you have to respect their way of life.（首先也是最 重要的一点，在外国旅行时，你必须尊重他们的生活方式）”强调要尊重当地的生活方式，后文Otherwise, you may get yourself on the wrong side.（否则，你可能会站在错误的一边）”强调不尊重的话可 能会站在错误的一边，B选项“It requires you to see things from a different stand.（它要求你从不

21、同的角度看 待事物）”中的代词It呼应前文的尊重当地文化生活，同时与后文构成转折关系。故答案为B。【17题详解】根据后文 “Just make an effort to know as much as possible about your place. Get to know their religion, language, culture, etc.（就像尽可能多地了解你所在的地方。了解他们的宗教、语言、文化等）”可知，作者建议耍了解旅游目的地的具体内容，所以C选项“You should prepare yourself about your destination.（你应 该为你的目的

22、地做好准备）”符合题意，选项中的“prepare”呼应后文的“know”。故答案为C。【18题详解】上文“High seasons are times when people travel in large numbers.（在旅游旺季人们大规模地进行旅行）”指 出旺季旅游的人很多，后文“You could save on tickets if there are not many tourists. In some places, you may find hotels are at a very low discount in the low season.（如果游客不多，你可以节省门票。

23、在一些地方，你可 能会发现酒店在淡季的折扣很低）”主要描述了旅游中的花费问题。由此推知，空处承接上文，指出旺季旅 行可能花费较多。所以 F 选项“During such times, you need to pay lots of money for your flight.（在这种情况 下，你需要为你的航班支付很多钱）”符合题意。故答案为F。【19题详解】 由前文 u Share information with them, and you may get a nice experience in return. They may teach you their language, cust

24、oms, lifestyles and so on.（与他们分享信息，你可能会得到一次美好的体验。他们可能会教你 他们的语言、习俗、生活方式等等）”可知，作者建议要和遇到的人友好交流，从中可以学到很多。D选 项“Besides, you may learn how they call certain foods.（此外，你可以学习他们如何称呼某些食物）”与前文 构成递进关系，进一步描述了在与他们交流的过程中，还可以学到如何称呼某些食物。故答案为D。【20题详解】 前文“Dont think of the next time, Enjoy the present.（不要想着下一次，好好享受现在）

25、”强调要享受当下,E 选项 uThings change pretty fast, and you may have only one chance.（事情变化很快，你可能只有一次机会）”是作者建议享受当下的原因，前后构成因果关系。故答案为E。第三部分语言运用（共三节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题海小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。When I was at high school, I was too talkative in class and didnt study very hard.My geometry（几何）t

26、eacher, Mrs Trenholm, often stressed clear thinking and logic could help 21 notonly geometry problems, but life ones. But I didnt pay much 22. With class becoming increasingly 23I was struggling.One day, after setting us homework, Mrs Trenholm 24 me aside, saying gently, Dont talk your way out of th

27、is.I didnt know what she25, But I followed her advice and worked on it. As usual, I couldnt solve it and wanted to give up. It was then that I 26 remembered things Mrs Trenholm had stressed in class and27 to try again. I kept trying and 28 where I had gone wrong. At last I 29 it.I handed it in proud

28、ly. Mrs Trenholm said with a smile, You can be somebody 30, Keep it up!” It31 the rest of my life. I had been a（n） 32 student with a lot of catching up to do, but I found if Iconcentrated and worked hard, I could 33 and even enjoy a subject. I went on to study geometry at university and became a nuc

29、lear research scientist. I really appreciated Mrs Trenholms 34Through that lesson, I no longer allowed myself the 35 to talk myself out of dealing with problems, orgive up when things seemed too difficult.21. A. relate to22. A. honour23. A. challenging24. A. left25. A. achieved26. A. obviously27. A.

30、 refused28. A. planning29. A. caught30. A. different31. A. changed32. A. easy-going33. A. understand34. A. punishment35. A. curiosityB.lead toC. work outD. carry outB. moneyC. timeD. attentionB. interestingC. suitableD. creativeB. pulledC. knockedD. threwB. believedC. meantD. promisedB. confidentlyC

31、. secretlyD.suddenlyB. pretendedC. decidedD. failedB. examiningC. debatingD. voicingB. madeC. enjoyedD. admiredB. braveC. honestD. dependableB. advancedC. ruinedD.rescuedB. below-averageC. well-behavedD. good-lookingB. summarizeC. identifyD. recommendB. offerC. invitationD. instructionB. abilityC. f

32、reedomD. way28. B 29. B 30. A 31.【答案】21.C22. D 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. CA 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者高中的几何老师对他的学习指导并帮助了他，让他克服了 自己在学习中遇到的困难，最终考入大学并成为一名核研究科学家的故事。21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的几何老师特伦霍尔姆夫人经常强调，清晰的思维和逻辑不仅有助于解决几 何问题，也有助于解答生活问题。A. relate to与有关；B. lead to导致；C. work out解决；D. c

33、arry out实施。根据空前“clear thinking and logic”和空后的“geometry problems”可知，作者的几何老师强调清晰 的思维和逻辑能够解决几何问题。故选C。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我没有太注意。A. honour荣誉；B. money货币；Ctime时间;D. attention 注意。根据转折连词but可知，虽然老师经常强调清晰的思维和逻辑不仅有助于解决儿何问题，也有助于 解答生活问题，但作者并没有注意。故选D。23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:随着课堂变得越来越具有挑战性，我一直在努力。A. challenging有挑战性 的；B

34、. interesting有趣的；C.suitable合适的;D. creative创造性的。根据下文“I was struggling”可知，课 程变得越来越有挑战性，所以作者学习也很吃力。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，在给我们布置完作业之后，特伦霍姆太太把我拉到一边，温和地说：“不要用你那套说辞来解决问题。 A. left离开；B. pulled拉；C.knocked敲击；D. threw投掷。根据空后 的aside可知，特伦霍姆太太把作者拉到一边，和他说了一些话。故选B。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我不知道她是什么意思。A. achieved实现；B.be

35、lieved相信;C meant意思是；D. promised 承诺。根据上文 “saying gently, Dont talk your way out of this.可知，作者并不知道特伦 霍姆太太说的话是什么意思。故选C。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我突然想起特伦霍尔姆夫人在课堂上强调的事情，决定再试一次。A. obviously显然是；B. confidently自信地；C. secretly秘密；D. suddenly突然。根据空前的then以及空后 uremembered things Mrs Trenholm had stressed in class ”

36、可知，那时作者是突然想到了老师在课上强调的事情。故选D。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我突然想起特伦霍尔姆夫人在课堂上强调的事情，决定再试一次。A. refused 拒绝;B. pretended 假装；C. decided 决定；D. failed 失败。根据下文 “I kept trying” 可知，作者 决定再试一次。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直在努力，检查我哪里出了问题。A. planning规划；B.examining检查；C. debating辩论;D. voicing发声。根据空后“where I had gone wrong”可知，作者

37、努力的检查哪里出了问 题。故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我终于成功了。A. caught抓住；B. made制成；C.enjoyed享受；D. admired钦 佩。根据下文I handed it in proudly.可知，作者最终解决了问题。make it意为“成功”。故选B。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你可以成为不同的人。A. different不同；B. brave勇敢的；C.honest诚实的；D. dependable 可信赖的。根据上文 “I handed it in proudly. Mrs Trenholm said with a smile” 以

38、及下文 Keep it up!可知，作者成功的解决了问题后，作为鼓励，特伦霍姆太太对他说他可以成为一个和以前不同的人。故选A。31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这改变了我的余生。A. changed改变；B. advanced前进；C.ruined摧毁；D. rescued 拯救。根据下文 “I went on to study geometry at university and became a nuclear research scientistv可 知，特伦霍姆太太的帮助和指导改变了作者的一生。故选A。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我一直是一名低于平均水平的学生，有很多事情

39、要做，但我发现如果我集中 精力，努力学习，我就能理解甚至享受一门学科。A. easy-going随和的;B.below-average低于平均的；C. well-behaved 行为良好的；D. good-looking 好看的。根据上文 “As usual, 1 couldnt solve it and wanted to give up.可知，作者学习并不好，所以他是一名低于平均水平的学生。故选B。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直是一名低于平均水平的学生，有很多事情要做，但我发现如果我集中精 力，努力学习，我就能理解甚至享受一门学科。A. understand理解;B. sum

40、marize总结;C. identify识别； D. recommend推荐。根据上文ubut I found if I concentrated and worked hard v可知，集中精力和努力学习让 作者能够理解并享受一门学科。故选A。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我继续在大学学习几何，成为一名核研究科学家，我真的很感谢特伦霍尔姆夫 人的指导。A. punishment处罚；B. offer报价；C.invitation邀请；D. instruction指示。根据上文内容和“I went on to study geometry at university and becam

41、e a nuclear research scientist. v可矢口， 特伦霍姆太太的帮助和 指导了作者学习，作者成为了一名核研究科学家，所以他很感激她的指导。故选D。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过这一课，我不再允许自己有自由说服自己放弃处理问题，或者在事情看起 来太困难时放弃。A. curiosity好奇心；B. ability能力；C.freedom自由;D. way方式。根据上文“Don、 talk your way out of thisn可知，作者以前在学习上遇到困哪时，会用自己的说辞来让自己放弃去解决问 题。在特伦霍姆太太帮助和指导后，他不会再随便地说服自己放弃处理

42、问题。故选C。第二节（共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分）根据所给单词的汉语提示或首字母，写出空缺处单词的正确形式，每空一词。36. Watch out! The red button should be pressed only in an（紧急情况）.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】emergency【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：小心！只有在紧急情况下才能按下红色按钮。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处填名 词emergency “紧急情况”，满足句意要求，冠词an提示用其单数形式。故填emergency。37. The school sees its job as preparing stud

43、ents to make a（贡献）to society.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】contribution【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：这所学校认为自己的职责是培养学生为社会做贡献。根据句意及汉语提示，可 知为contribution,设空处前为不定冠词a,故设空处应用名词单数的形式。故填contribution。38. It will be harder if you choose to（申请）for a well-known university.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】apply【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：如果你选择申请一所知名大学，那就更难了。根据汉语提示“申请”

44、以及不定 式符号to可知，此处应用动词原形apply,构成不定式短语，作动词choose的宾语。故填apply。39. The audience was deeply（使印象深刻）by Messis performance.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】impressed【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：观众对梅西的表现印象深刻。根据句意和汉语提示以及空格前的was可知， 空格处应该填入一个形容词作表语，且意义为“印象深刻的”，应用形容词impressed。故填impressed。40. It was（令人恼怒的）to find that your reservation had been

45、called off.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】annoying【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：发现你的预订被取消了，真让人恼火。根据句意以及汉语意思提示可知，此处 用修饰形容物的-ing形容词，annoying “令人恼怒的”，满足句意要求，作表语。故填annoying。41. Its a fast-growing fish that can grow to a 1 of over 4 feet in its first year.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】length#ength【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：这是一种快速生长的鱼，第一年可以长到4英尺长。根据句意和首字母提示可

46、 知，此处使用名词length “长度”，由空前不定冠词a可知，应用名词单数形式。故填length。42. Only when we learn to exist in h with nature can we better protect our planet.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】harmony#armony【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：只有当我们学会与自然和谐相处，我们才能更好地保护我们的星球。根据单词 首字母以及句意可知应填名词harmony,作宾语。故填harmony。43. In most job interviews, you will be asked to desc

47、ribe your s and weaknesses.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】strengths#trengths【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：在大多数工作面试中，你会被要求描述你的优点和缺点。根据并列连词and后 复数名词weaknesses可知，用名词的复数形式，在句中作宾语。根据首字母提示及句意，故填strengths。44. When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his b and had a bad fall.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】balance【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：当他追赶他哥哥时，这个男孩

48、失去了平衡，重重地摔了一跤。根据单词首字母 以及句意“平衡”，可知应填名词balance, balance意为“平衡”时为不可数名词，lose ones balance意为“失去平衡”。故填balance。45. In the past few years, China has made great progress in e the far side of the Moon.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】exploring#xploring【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：在过去的几年里，中国在探索月球背面方面取得了巨大进展。根据首字母提示 及句意可知，此处使用动词explore,介词in后接动名词形式。故填exploring。第三节（共5个小题;每小题1分，满分5分）