英语同步练习题考试题试卷教案09年高考英语定语从句专题复习_中学教育-高考英语.pdf

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1、2009 年高考英语二轮语法专题复习七 定语从句 一、定语从句 1定语从句三步：第一找出先行词；第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语）；第三选择合适的关联词。2 定语从句在选择关连词 that 与 which 时，常常容易出错，所以应记住什么时候只能用 that，什么时候只能用 which.（1）只能用 that 的情况归纳 4 种：即先得词被序数词最高级修饰过；先行词为 all、everything、nothing 等不定代词；先行词同时是人和物并列时；最后先行词分别被 the only、the very the same、the last 修饰。请看下列四组例句，注意其先

2、行词：The first thing that we should do is to work out a plan.I t almost seemed as if the good man were trying to teach us all that he knew at this lesson.Later my father and Mr.Crosset talked for about half an four of things and persons that they remembered in school.This is the very dictionary that I

3、 want to find.（2）只用 which is 情况有两种情况：一是非限制性定语从句，关连词要用 which；二是做介词宾语时只能用 which。请看下列两组例句：I said nothing,which made him more angry.I have the book about which you are talking.三、在定语从句的非限制性定语中，which 和 as 是容易混淆的。在很多情况下两者兼可互换，但在下列情况中不可互换：1、通常 As 可以放在整句的句首，而 which，只能在逗号之后，as 本身含有“正如”，as 在定语从句中既可是主语也可做宾语 As

4、appear from her paper,she has read widely in Romantic literature.She is remarkable,as I have told you.2、which 在做非限制性定语从句关联词时可以无明确先行词，指前句整个的意思，如：she has warried again,which surprises us.四、在定语从句中，许多人往往分不清 all that 和 what,what 实际上只引导名词性从句，它相当于 all that 两个字，例如：All that I know is that he has made up his

5、mind to heave the country for a new place.=what I know is that 一、限定性定语从句：种类 先行词 关联词 例句 说明 定 语 从 句（人）在从句中做主语或宾语 （物）在从 句 中做 主 语或宾语 who which This is the doctor who saved the boys life.这就是救了孩子生命的医生。She is the new student whom I want to introduce to you.她就是我要介绍给你的新学生 Please pass me the book which is lyi

6、ng on the table.请递给我摆在桌上的那本书。The novel which Tom bought is very interesting.汤姆买的小说很有意思。Can you lend me the magazine about which you talked yesterday?你能把昨天谈到的那本杂志借给我吗？who 在从句中做主语 whom 在从句中做宾语，口语中 who 可以代替whom，也可以被省去，但做介词宾语时只能用whom which 在从句中做主语。which 充当宾语时可以省去。which 做介词宾语不可省 种类 先行词 关联词 例 句 说 明 定 语 从

7、句 人或物的 whose The professor whose daughter teaches you English is Dr.Williams 那位教授是威廉斯他的女儿教你英语。The professor,the daughter of whom teaches you English is Dr.Williams.The bike whose brake was damaged has now whose 在从句中做定语 指某人的也可以用of whom 代替whose 语法功能做主语宾语或状语第三选择合适的关联词定语从句在选择关连词与时常常容易出错所以应记住什么时候只能用什么时候只

8、能用只能用的情况归纳种即先得词被序数词最高级修饰过先行词为等不定代词先行词同时是人和物并用二是做介词宾语时只能用请看下列两组例句三在定语从句的非限制性定语中和是容易混淆的在很多情况下两者兼可互换但在下列情况中不可互换通常可以在整句的句首而只能在逗号之后本身含有正如在定语从句中既可是主语也可和实际上只引导名词性从句它相当于两个字例如一限定性定语从句种类先行词关联词例句说明定语从句人在从句中做主语或宾语物在从句中做主语或宾语这就是救了孩子生命的医生在从句中做主语在从句中做宾语口语中可以代替也been repaired.那辆坏了闸的自行车现在已经修好了。=The bike the brake of

9、which was damaged has now been repaired 指物时也可以用of which 代替 whose 人或物 that The woman that is playing the piano is Miss Zhang.正在弹钢琴的那位妇女是张小姐。Id like to see the films that are just on show.我想看那些刚上映的电影。that 指人做主语 that 指物做主语 种类 先行词 关联词 例 句 说 明 all,little much 和some,anyevery,no 构成的合成代词 人 或 物 that that The

10、y talked for about an hour of things and persons that they remember in the school.他们谈起他们所记得起的学校里的人和事，谈了大约有半个小时。Ill tell you all(that)I know about it.我要告诉你我所知道这件事的一切情况。Is there anything(that)I can do for you?有什么我可以帮助做的事吗？Ive brought everything(that)you need.我把你需要的东西都拿来了。This is the best film that I h

11、ave seen.这是我看过的最好的一部电影。The first place that well visit is Beijing Library.我们要参观的第一个地方是北京图书馆 先行词分别表示人和物，关系代词要用that，不用 who 或which 先行词表示物，关系代词用 that 不用which,在从句中做宾语可省去。如果先行词是人时，关系代词不受制约，用that 或 who(whom)均可 先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时定语从句用 that引导。语法功能做主语宾语或状语第三选择合适的关联词定语从句在选择关连词与时常常容易出错所以应记住什么时候只能用什么时候只能用只能用的情况归纳

12、种即先得词被序数词最高级修饰过先行词为等不定代词先行词同时是人和物并用二是做介词宾语时只能用请看下列两组例句三在定语从句的非限制性定语中和是容易混淆的在很多情况下两者兼可互换但在下列情况中不可互换通常可以在整句的句首而只能在逗号之后本身含有正如在定语从句中既可是主语也可和实际上只引导名词性从句它相当于两个字例如一限定性定语从句种类先行词关联词例句说明定语从句人在从句中做主语或宾语物在从句中做主语或宾语这就是救了孩子生命的医生在从句中做主语在从句中做宾语口语中可以代替也定 语 从 句 人 或 物 that He is the only person that is believable.他是唯一

13、可靠的人。John is the very person that she wants to see.约翰正是她要见的人。Who is the man that is talking with Tom?正在和汤姆谈话的人是谁？Which of the books that you bought is easy to read?你买的那些书中哪一本容易读。先行词被 the only,the very,the same 等修饰时用关系代词that.当主句以 who、which 开头的特殊疑问句时，定语从句要用 that 时 间 when He came at a time when we.need

14、ed him most.他在我们最需要的时候来了。Well never forget the day when the Peoples Republic of China was founded.我们永远不会忘记中华人民共和国成立的那一天。在定语从句中作时间状语 注：先行词是 time,minute,moment,next tim 很少用关系副词 when,可用 that 但通常省去。地点 where This is the room where he put up for the night.这就是他渡过夜晚的那房子。在定语从句中作地点状语 原因理由 why I know the reaso

15、n why she studies so well.我知道她学习好的原因。在定语从句中作原因状语 （2）非限制性定语从句 种类 先行词 关联词 例 句 说 明 人 who whom George,who is my classmate,has won a scholarship.乔治获得了奖学金，他是我的同who,whom 不能省去，也不能用that 代替 语法功能做主语宾语或状语第三选择合适的关联词定语从句在选择关连词与时常常容易出错所以应记住什么时候只能用什么时候只能用只能用的情况归纳种即先得词被序数词最高级修饰过先行词为等不定代词先行词同时是人和物并用二是做介词宾语时只能用请看下列两组例

16、句三在定语从句的非限制性定语中和是容易混淆的在很多情况下两者兼可互换但在下列情况中不可互换通常可以在整句的句首而只能在逗号之后本身含有正如在定语从句中既可是主语也可和实际上只引导名词性从句它相当于两个字例如一限定性定语从句种类先行词关联词例句说明定语从句人在从句中做主语或宾语物在从句中做主语或宾语这就是救了孩子生命的医生在从句中做主语在从句中做宾语口语中可以代替也 非 限 制 性 定 语 从 句 物 没有固定的先行词而是一个句子 which which as 学。Dr.Li,whom I know very well,will come here tomorrow.李大夫明天将来这儿，我跟他很

17、熟悉。I gave him a New Year card,which he enjoyed very much.我给他一张贺年卡，他很喜欢它。He studies hard at school when he was young,which leads to his success in his later life.他年轻时在校学习努力，这导致了他后来生活中的成功。He gets up early，as is always his habit.他总是早起床，这是他的习惯。John was admitted into the college,as we had expected.约翰被大学录

18、取了，这是我们期待的。The earth,as is known to all,is round.人人皆知，地球是圆的。which 指物，不可省去，也不能用 that 代替 which 作主语指它前面的整个句子，不可用 that 代替，强调结果。as 指全句，在从句中做主语。as 指全句意思，在从句中做宾语。as 引导的定语从句可以放在句首，句中或句末。This is the same book as I lost yesterday.这本书与我昨天丢失的那本书一样。用 于the same as,such as,asas 等结构中。语法功能做主语宾语或状语第三选择合适的关联词定语从句在选择关连

19、词与时常常容易出错所以应记住什么时候只能用什么时候只能用只能用的情况归纳种即先得词被序数词最高级修饰过先行词为等不定代词先行词同时是人和物并用二是做介词宾语时只能用请看下列两组例句三在定语从句的非限制性定语中和是容易混淆的在很多情况下两者兼可互换但在下列情况中不可互换通常可以在整句的句首而只能在逗号之后本身含有正如在定语从句中既可是主语也可和实际上只引导名词性从句它相当于两个字例如一限定性定语从句种类先行词关联词例句说明定语从句人在从句中做主语或宾语物在从句中做主语或宾语这就是救了孩子生命的医生在从句中做主语在从句中做宾语口语中可以代替也（3）限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别 限制性定语

20、从句 非限制性定语从句 从句与先行词的关系 从句是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果省去，主句的意思就会不完整或不明确。从句只是对先行词的附加说明，如果省去,主句的意思仍然清楚或完整 标 点 从句和主句之间不用逗号分开 从句和主句之间通常用逗号分开 关 系 代 词 指人 who(that)whom 指物 which(that)人和物 whose 关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省去 指人 who（作主语）whom（做宾语）指物 which 人和物的 whose 关系代词一般不可省 修饰 从句只修饰一个名词或代词 可以修饰一个名词或代词也可修饰整个主句 翻译 定语从句译在被修饰词的前面 定语从句通常被译成另

21、一个独立的句子【专项训练】1Football is a very interesting game,is played all over the world Athat Bwhich Cit Dwho 2Is there anything else you require?Awhich Bthat Cwho Dwhat 3The last placewe visited was the Great Wall Awhich Bthat Cwhere Dit 4He talked happily about the men and booksinterested him greatly in th

22、e school Awhich Bwho 语法功能做主语宾语或状语第三选择合适的关联词定语从句在选择关连词与时常常容易出错所以应记住什么时候只能用什么时候只能用只能用的情况归纳种即先得词被序数词最高级修饰过先行词为等不定代词先行词同时是人和物并用二是做介词宾语时只能用请看下列两组例句三在定语从句的非限制性定语中和是容易混淆的在很多情况下两者兼可互换但在下列情况中不可互换通常可以在整句的句首而只能在逗号之后本身含有正如在定语从句中既可是主语也可和实际上只引导名词性从句它相当于两个字例如一限定性定语从句种类先行词关联词例句说明定语从句人在从句中做主语或宾语物在从句中做主语或宾语这就是救了孩子生命的

23、医生在从句中做主语在从句中做宾语口语中可以代替也 Cit Dthat 5The reailway tunnel,thoughthe train goes,will be completed soon Awhich Bthat Cit Dwhom 6His uncle works in a factorybicycles are made Athat Bwhich Cwhere Dthere 7There is no dictionary you can find everything Athat Bwhich Cwhere Din that 8Next month,youll spend in

24、 your hometown is coming Awhich Bthat Cwhen Dwhere 9Next month,youll be in your hometown is coming Awhich Bthat Cwhen Dwhere 10I often thought of my childhood,I lived on a farm Awhich Bwhere Cwhen Dwho 11He wanted to know the time he needed to know Athat Bwhen Cwhere Dwhat 12There isnt so much noise

25、 in the country in big cities Athat Bwhich Cwhere Das 13They could only read such stories had been rewritten in simple English Athat Bwhich Cas Dwhat 14The stems of bamboo are hollowmakes them very light Awhich Bas 语法功能做主语宾语或状语第三选择合适的关联词定语从句在选择关连词与时常常容易出错所以应记住什么时候只能用什么时候只能用只能用的情况归纳种即先得词被序数词最高级修饰过先行词

26、为等不定代词先行词同时是人和物并用二是做介词宾语时只能用请看下列两组例句三在定语从句的非限制性定语中和是容易混淆的在很多情况下两者兼可互换但在下列情况中不可互换通常可以在整句的句首而只能在逗号之后本身含有正如在定语从句中既可是主语也可和实际上只引导名词性从句它相当于两个字例如一限定性定语从句种类先行词关联词例句说明定语从句人在从句中做主语或宾语物在从句中做主语或宾语这就是救了孩子生命的医生在从句中做主语在从句中做宾语口语中可以代替也 Cthat Dit 15Crusoes dog hecame ill and died,made him very lonely Aas Bwhich Cthat

27、 Dthis 16Theyve invited me to their party,is kind of them Aas Bwhich CThat Dthis 17we know now,bats come out only at night AAs BWhich C That DWhat 18John got beaten in the game,had been expected Aas Bthat Cwhat Dwho 19has been said above,grammar is a set of dead rules AWhich BWhat CThat DAs 20Do you

28、 know the reason he was late?Athat Bwhich Cfor what Dfor which 21He built a telescope he could study the skies Ain which Bwith that Cthrough which Dby it 22I have bought two ballpens,writes well Anone of which Bneither of which Cnone of them Dneither of them 23There are two thousand students in our

29、school,are girls Aof whom two thirds Btwo-thirds of them Ctwo-third in them Dtwo-thirds in which 24Do you know the man?Awhom I spoke Bto who I spoke 语法功能做主语宾语或状语第三选择合适的关联词定语从句在选择关连词与时常常容易出错所以应记住什么时候只能用什么时候只能用只能用的情况归纳种即先得词被序数词最高级修饰过先行词为等不定代词先行词同时是人和物并用二是做介词宾语时只能用请看下列两组例句三在定语从句的非限制性定语中和是容易混淆的在很多情况下两者兼

30、可互换但在下列情况中不可互换通常可以在整句的句首而只能在逗号之后本身含有正如在定语从句中既可是主语也可和实际上只引导名词性从句它相当于两个字例如一限定性定语从句种类先行词关联词例句说明定语从句人在从句中做主语或宾语物在从句中做主语或宾语这就是救了孩子生命的医生在从句中做主语在从句中做宾语口语中可以代替也 CI spoke to Dthat I spoke 25The factorywell visit next week isnt far from here Awhere Bin which Cwhich Dto which 26This is one of the best films th

31、is year Ahave been shown Bthat have shown Cthat have been shown Dwhich has been shown 27Can you lend me the book the other day?Ayou talked about Babout that you talked Cthat you talked Dwhich you talked 28Is there any one in you class family is in the city Awho Bwhos Cwhich Dwhose 29Ill never forget

32、 the days we stayed together Awhen Bin which Cwhich Dwhat 30Is some German friends visited last week?Athis school Bthis the school Cthis school one Dthis school where 31Ill tell you he told me last month Aall which Ball what Cthat all Dall 32Do you know the reason she got so angry yesterday?Afor why

33、 Bfor that Cwhich Dwhy 33I still remember the day she first wore that pink dress Awhich Bin which Con that Don which 34Ill show you a store you may buy all you need Ain which,/Bwhere,which 语法功能做主语宾语或状语第三选择合适的关联词定语从句在选择关连词与时常常容易出错所以应记住什么时候只能用什么时候只能用只能用的情况归纳种即先得词被序数词最高级修饰过先行词为等不定代词先行词同时是人和物并用二是做介词宾语时只

34、能用请看下列两组例句三在定语从句的非限制性定语中和是容易混淆的在很多情况下两者兼可互换但在下列情况中不可互换通常可以在整句的句首而只能在逗号之后本身含有正如在定语从句中既可是主语也可和实际上只引导名词性从句它相当于两个字例如一限定性定语从句种类先行词关联词例句说明定语从句人在从句中做主语或宾语物在从句中做主语或宾语这就是救了孩子生命的医生在从句中做主语在从句中做宾语口语中可以代替也 Cwhich,that Dthat,that 35Winter is the time of year the days are short and nights are long Awhere Bwhen Cth

35、at Don which 36The train she was travelling was late Awhich Bon which Cfor which Don that 37The second World War millions of people were killed ended in 1945 Aduring which Bin that Cwhere Don which 38Is oxygen the only gas helps fire burn?Athat B/Cwhich Dit 39This is the best hotel in the city I kno

36、w Awhich Bthat Cwhere Dit 40Iv e read all the books were borrowed from the library Athat B/Cwhich Dthey 41The scientist and his achievementsyou told me about are admired by us all Awhich Bwho Cthat Dwhose 42She hasnt got enough money to buy the rings Awhich Bthat Cwith which Dfor which 43Finally cam

37、e the day he bad to beging his study for the next term Awhich Bsince Cthat Dtill 44We hope to get such a tool he is using Awhich Bas 语法功能做主语宾语或状语第三选择合适的关联词定语从句在选择关连词与时常常容易出错所以应记住什么时候只能用什么时候只能用只能用的情况归纳种即先得词被序数词最高级修饰过先行词为等不定代词先行词同时是人和物并用二是做介词宾语时只能用请看下列两组例句三在定语从句的非限制性定语中和是容易混淆的在很多情况下两者兼可互换但在下列情况中不可互换通常

38、可以在整句的句首而只能在逗号之后本身含有正如在定语从句中既可是主语也可和实际上只引导名词性从句它相当于两个字例如一限定性定语从句种类先行词关联词例句说明定语从句人在从句中做主语或宾语物在从句中做主语或宾语这就是救了孩子生命的医生在从句中做主语在从句中做宾语口语中可以代替也 Cthat Dwhere 45Is there anything to you Athat is belonged Bthat belongs Cwhich belongs Dthat belong 46You can take any seat is free Awhich Bwhere Cthat Din which 4

39、7The old woman has two sons,one is a teacher Aof them Bof which Cof whom Dof who 48My hometown is no longer the same it used to be Awhich Bas Cthat Dlike 49You may take anything useful Ayou want Bwhat you want Cyou want them Dwhich you want 50He tore up my photo and upset me Athat Bit Cwhich Dwhat 5

40、1During the days,he worked as a servant at the Browns Afollowed Bfollowing Cto follow Dthat followed 52The beautiful dress Miss Jones went to the ball was borrowed from a friend of hers Athat Bwearing which Cworn by Din which 53 The clever boy made a hole in the wall,he could see what was going on i

41、nside the house Ain which Bthrough which Cat which Don which 54The brave man,the tiger was shor is a good bunter Aby which Bby whom 语法功能做主语宾语或状语第三选择合适的关联词定语从句在选择关连词与时常常容易出错所以应记住什么时候只能用什么时候只能用只能用的情况归纳种即先得词被序数词最高级修饰过先行词为等不定代词先行词同时是人和物并用二是做介词宾语时只能用请看下列两组例句三在定语从句的非限制性定语中和是容易混淆的在很多情况下两者兼可互换但在下列情况中不可互换通常可

42、以在整句的句首而只能在逗号之后本身含有正如在定语从句中既可是主语也可和实际上只引导名词性从句它相当于两个字例如一限定性定语从句种类先行词关联词例句说明定语从句人在从句中做主语或宾语物在从句中做主语或宾语这就是救了孩子生命的医生在从句中做主语在从句中做宾语口语中可以代替也 Cby that Dof whom 55The knife we used to cut the bread is very sharp Awith which Bwith it Cwith that Dwhich【答案】：1 B 2 B 3 B 4 D 5 A6 C7 C8 A9 C10 C 11 A 12 D 13 C14

43、 A 15 B 16 B 17 A18 A 19 D 20 D 21 C 22 B 23 A24 C25 C26 C27 A 28 D 29 A 30 B 31 D 32 D 33 D 34 A 35 B 36 B 37 A38 A 39 B 40 A 41 C42 C43 C 44 B 45 B 46 C47C 48 B 49 A50A 51 D 52 D 53 B 54 B 55 A 语法功能做主语宾语或状语第三选择合适的关联词定语从句在选择关连词与时常常容易出错所以应记住什么时候只能用什么时候只能用只能用的情况归纳种即先得词被序数词最高级修饰过先行词为等不定代词先行词同时是人和物并用二是做介词宾语时只能用请看下列两组例句三在定语从句的非限制性定语中和是容易混淆的在很多情况下两者兼可互换但在下列情况中不可互换通常可以在整句的句首而只能在逗号之后本身含有正如在定语从句中既可是主语也可和实际上只引导名词性从句它相当于两个字例如一限定性定语从句种类先行词关联词例句说明定语从句人在从句中做主语或宾语物在从句中做主语或宾语这就是救了孩子生命的医生在从句中做主语在从句中做宾语口语中可以代替也