八年级下知识点归纳_中学教育-高考.pdf

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1、学习必备 欢迎下载 八年级（下）新目标英语重点短语及句型总汇 Unit 1 Will people have robots?1.fewer people 更少的人（fewer 修饰名词复数，表示否定）2.less free time 更少的空闲时间（less 修饰不可数名词，表示否定）3.in ten years 10 年后（in 的时间短语用于将来时，提问用 How soon）4.fall in love with 爱上 例：When I met Mr.Xu for the first time,I fell in love with him at once 当我第一次见到许老师，我立刻爱上

2、他 5.live alone 单独居住 6.feel lonely 感到孤独（比较：live alone/go along等）The girl walked alone along the street,but she didnt feel lonely那女孩独自沿着街道走，但她并不感到孤独 7.keep/feed a pet pig 养一头宠物猪 8.fly to the moon 飞上月球 9.hundreds of+复数 数百/几百（概数，类似还有 thousands of;millions of）10.the same as 和相同 11.A be different from B A

3、 与 B 不同(=There is a difference/Thgere are differences between A and B)12.wake up 醒来（wake sb.up表示“唤醒某人”13.get bored 变 得 厌 倦（get/become是 连 系 动 词，后 跟 形 容 词 如tired/angry/excited等）14.go skating 去滑冰（类似还有 go hiking/fishing/skating/bike riding等）15.lots of/a lot of 许多（修饰可数名词、不可数名词都可以）16.at the weekends 在周末 1

4、7.study at home on computers 在家通过电脑学习 18.agree with sb.同意某人(的意见)19.I don t agree.=I disagree.我不同意 20.on a piece of paper 在一张纸上（注意 paper/information/news/work/homework/housework等常考到的不可数名词）21.on vacation 度假 22.help sb with sth/help sb do sth 帮助某人做某事 23.many different kinds of goldfish 许多不同种金鱼 24.live

5、in an apartment 住在公寓里/live on the twelfth floor 住在 12 楼 25.live at NO.332,Shanghai Street 住在上海路 332 号 26.as a reporter 作为一名记者 27.look smart 显得精神/看起来聪明 28.Are you kidding?你在骗我吗 29.in the future 在将来/在未来 30.no more=not anymore 不再（强调多次发生的动作不再发生）31.no longer=not any longer 不再（强调状态不再发生）32.besides（除之外还，包括）

6、与 except=but（除之外，不包括）33.be able to与 can 能、会 （be able to用于各种时态，而 can 只能用于一般现在时态和一般过去时态中；have to用于各种时态，而 must 只能用于一般现在时态）例如：1.I have been able to/will be able to speak two languages.（不可以用can）2.had to stay at home/will have to（不可以用 must）34.be big and crowded 大而且拥挤 34.be in college 在上大学 学习必备 欢迎下载 35.liv

7、e on a space station 住在空间站 36.dress casually 穿得很随意 casual clothing 休闲服饰 37.win the next World Cup 赢得世界杯 win award 获僵 e true 变成现实 39.take hundreds of years 花几百年的时间 40.be fun to watch 看起来有趣 41.over and over again 一次又一次 42.be in different shapes 形状不同 43.twenty years from now 今后 20 年 44.本单元目标句型：1.What d

8、o you think life will be like in 1000 years?2.There will be fewer trees、more buildings and less pollution in the future.fewer；less表示否定之意，分别修饰可数名词和不可数名词；more 二者都可以修饰。3.Will kids go to school?No,they wont/Yes,they will。4.Predicting the future can be difficult.5.I need to look smart for my job intervie

9、w.6.I will be able to dress more casually.7.I think Ill go to Hong Kong on vacation,and one day I might even visit Australia.8.What will teenagers do for fun twenty years from now?9.That may not seem possible now,but computers,space rockets and even electric toothbrushes seemed impossible a hundred

10、years ago.本单元语法讲解 一般将来时 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。本时态标志词：1.含 tomorrow;next短语；2.in+段时间；3.how soon；4.by+将来时间；5.by the time sb.do 6.祈使句句型中：or/and sb.will do 7.在时间/条件状语从句中,如果从句用一般现在时,主句用将来时 8.another day 比较 be going to 与 will:be going to 表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情，will 表示的将来时间则较远一些。如：He is going to write a letter tonight.He

11、will write a book one day.2.be going to 表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情，will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。He is seriously ill.He is going to die.He will be twenty years old.3.be going to 含有“计划，准备”的意思，而 will 则没有这个意思，如：She is going to lend us her book.He will be here in half an hour.4.在有条件从句的主句中，一般不用 be going to,而多用 will,如：If any

12、 beasts comes at you,Ill stay with you and help you.掌握了它们的这些不同，你就能很好的区分 be going to与 will了。一般将来时常见的标志词 1.含 tomorrow;next短语；2.in+段时间；3.how soon；4.by+将来时间；5.祈使句句型中：or/and sb.will do 例 Be quick,or you will be late=If you dont be quick,you will be late 6.在时间/条件状语从句中,如果从句用一般现在时,主句用将来时（另见 Unit 5）Unit 2 Wh

13、at should I do?1.too loud 太大声 2.out of style 过时的 3.in style 流行的 4.call sb up=ring sb.up=call/ring/phone sb.给.打电话 5.enough money 足够的钱(enough 修饰名词时不必后置)6.busy enough 够忙(enough修饰形容词或副词时必须后置)头宠物猪飞上月球数百几百概数类似还有和相同与不同八年级下新目标英语重点短语及句型总汇更少的人修饰名词复数表示否定更少的空闲时间修饰不可数名词表示否定年后的时间短语用于将来时提问用爱上例当我第一次见到许老在家通过电脑学习同意某人

14、的意见我不同意在一张纸上注意等常考到的不可数名词度假帮助某人做某事许多不同种金鱼住在公寓里住在上海路号作为一名记者显得精神看起来聪明你在骗我吗在将来在未来不再强调多次发生的动作不过去时态中用于各种时态而只能用于一般现在时态例如不可以用大而且拥挤在上大学住在楼不可以用学习必备欢迎下载住在空间站穿得很随意休闲服饰赢得世界杯获僵变成现实花几百年的时间看起来有趣一次又一次形状不同今后年学习必备 欢迎下载 7.a ticket to/for a ball game 一张球赛的门票 注意：the key to the lock/the key(answer)r to the question)/the s

15、olution to the problem.此处几个短语不能用 of 表示所有格 8.talk about 谈论 9.on the phone 用电话 10.pay for 付款 11.spend on+sth.=spend.(in)doing sth.在花钱 12.It takes sb.sometime to do sth.某人做某事花的时间 13.borrow from 从.借(借进来)14.lend to 把借给（借出去）15.You can keep the book for a week 你可以借这本书一周。（不用 borrow 或 lend）16.buy sth for sb

16、为买东西 17.tell sb to do/not to do sth.sth 告诉某人做某事 18.want sb.to do sth.=would like sb.to do 想某人做某事 19.find out 发现；查清楚；弄明白 20.play ones stereo 放录象 21.fail the test=not pass the test 考试不及格 22.fail in(doing)sth 在.上失败,变弱 23.succeed in(doing)sth 在.方面成功 24.write sb a letter/write to sb.给某人写信 25.surprise sb.

17、使某人吃惊（类似有：surprise/interest/please/amaze+某人）26.to one s surprise 使某人吃惊的是.27.to one s joy 使某人高兴的是.28.look for a part-time job 找一份兼职的工作（不一定有结果）29.get/find a part-time job 找到一份兼职的工作（有结果）30.ask sb.for 寻求/向某人要某物 31.have a bake sale 卖烧烤 32.argue with sb=have an argument with sb.与某人争吵 33.have a fight with

18、sb.=fight with 与某人打架 34.drop off 离去；散去；逐渐减少;死去 35.prepare for=get ready for 为做准备 36.after-school clubs(activities)课外俱乐部（活动）be/get used to doing 习惯做某事 used to do 过去经常/常常做某事 be used for doing=be used to do sth.被用于做某事 37.fill up 填补；装满 be full of装满 38.return sth.to sb.=give sth.back to sb.把某物归还给某人 39.ge

19、t on/along well with 与相处很好 40.all kinds of 各种各样 41.as much as possible=as much as you can 尽可能多 42.take part in=join in 参加（某种活动/集会）43.a bit=a little 一点儿（当修饰形容词或比较级时）44.a bit of=a little 一点儿/一些（当修饰不可数名词时）45.be angry with 生的气 46.by oneself=on ones own 某人自己/独自地 47.on the one hand 一方面 48.on the other han

20、d 另一方面 49.I find/feel/think it difficult to do.我发现/感到/认为做某事很难.头宠物猪飞上月球数百几百概数类似还有和相同与不同八年级下新目标英语重点短语及句型总汇更少的人修饰名词复数表示否定更少的空闲时间修饰不可数名词表示否定年后的时间短语用于将来时提问用爱上例当我第一次见到许老在家通过电脑学习同意某人的意见我不同意在一张纸上注意等常考到的不可数名词度假帮助某人做某事许多不同种金鱼住在公寓里住在上海路号作为一名记者显得精神看起来聪明你在骗我吗在将来在未来不再强调多次发生的动作不过去时态中用于各种时态而只能用于一般现在时态例如不可以用大而且拥挤在上大

21、学住在楼不可以用学习必备欢迎下载住在空间站穿得很随意休闲服饰赢得世界杯获僵变成现实花几百年的时间看起来有趣一次又一次形状不同今后年学习必备 欢迎下载 50.see/hear/watch sb.doing sth.看到/听见/注视某人正在做 51.not until 直到才（谓语动词一般是非延续动词）52.表示某人情绪有关的形容词用法:be/become+upset/tired/excited/interested/worried/surprised/amazed/annoyed 说明：当主语是某人时，注意后面的形容词一般是-ed 结尾的单词，而当主语是某物时或修饰名词时，注意后面形容词一般是-

22、ing 结尾单词.）例如:I was surprised/interested/amazed when I heard the surprising/interesting/amazing news.53 radio advice program 电台提建议的节目 54 be original 新颖的 55.leave something somewhere 把某物忘在某处 56 sports clothes 运动服 57.the same age as=as old as 和-年龄一样 58.the tired children 疲惫不堪的孩子 plain about(doing sth)抱

23、怨、60.take their children from activity to activity 带着孩子参加一个接一个的活动 61.try to do sth,尽量干某事 try doing sth 试着干某事 62.be under too much pressure 压力太大 63.a mother of three 三个孩子的妈妈 64.take part in after-school clubs 参加课后俱乐部 pepition starts from a very young age 竞争从很小年纪就开始了 pare with 和-比较 67.organized activi

24、ties 有组织的活动 本单元目标句型：1.Whats wrong(with you)?/Whats the matter?2.What should I do?我该怎么办 3.You could write him a letter.你可以给他写封信.You should say sorry to him.你应该给他道歉.4.They shouldn t argue.他们不应该争吵.5.Why dont you talk to him about it?=Why not talk to him about it?=You should/could talk to him about it.=

25、What/How about talking to him about it.=Youd better talk to him about it.6.The parents try to fit as much as possible into their kids lives.7.Activities include sports,language learning,music and math classes.Thirty people,including six children(six children included),went to visit the factory.8.Peo

26、ple shouldnt push their children so hard.9.Parents are trying to plan their kids lives for them.When these kids are adults,they might find t difficult to plan things for themselves.Unit 3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived?1.in front of 在的前面（外部）in the front of 在的前面（内部）2.in the library 在图书馆 3.g

27、et out of/get into 出之外/进入 4.sleep late 睡懒觉 sleep well 睡得好 get to sleep=fall asleep 睡着 5.walk down/along 沿走 6.take off (飞机)起飞；脱下（衣帽）7.on Sunday evening 在星期日晚上 注意:（特指某日如星期、假日、某月某日或某个特定的上、下午、晚上用 on）8.in the tree在树上 on the tree在树上 9.take photos 照相 头宠物猪飞上月球数百几百概数类似还有和相同与不同八年级下新目标英语重点短语及句型总汇更少的人修饰名词复数表示否定

28、更少的空闲时间修饰不可数名词表示否定年后的时间短语用于将来时提问用爱上例当我第一次见到许老在家通过电脑学习同意某人的意见我不同意在一张纸上注意等常考到的不可数名词度假帮助某人做某事许多不同种金鱼住在公寓里住在上海路号作为一名记者显得精神看起来聪明你在骗我吗在将来在未来不再强调多次发生的动作不过去时态中用于各种时态而只能用于一般现在时态例如不可以用大而且拥挤在上大学住在楼不可以用学习必备欢迎下载住在空间站穿得很随意休闲服饰赢得世界杯获僵变成现实花几百年的时间看起来有趣一次又一次形状不同今后年学习必备 欢迎下载 10.at the train station 在火车站 11.run away 跑开

29、，逃跑 12.as+adj 原形 as 和一样 例如：She is(not)as beautiful as her sister.I can run as fast as he(him)13.buy/draw/make sth.for sb.为某人买/画/制作 14.walk home 走回家 15.in history 在历史上 16.for example 例如 17.in the city of 在市 18.on the playground 在操场上 19.ten minutes ago 十分钟前 20.take place 发生（强调必然性）21.happen to sth./sb.

30、发生（强调偶然性）例如：What has happened to you?=Whats the matter with you?=Whats wrong with you?22.of course=sure=certainly 当然 23.all over the world=around the world 遍及全世界 24.outside/inside the station 在车站外/内 25.next to 相邻，紧贴 26.close to 接近于；在附近 27.be ill in hospital/bed 生病住院/在床 28.hear about/of 听说（间接听到）29.in

31、 silence 沉默不语 keep silent 保持沉默 30.an unusual experience 一次不寻常的经历 31.have fun doing sth 干某事有乐趣 have difficult time doing sth干某事有困难 32.have meaning to 对有意义 33.become the first Chinese astronaut in space 成为中国第一个太空宇航员 34.a national hero 一个民族英雄 35.be famous all over the world 全世界出名 36.for the first time

32、第一次 本单元目标句型:What were you doing when I arrived/at that time/at 8:00 last night/from 9:00 to 10:00 yesterday?1.I was doing sth.When+一般过去时的时间状语从句.2.How about./What about.?3.While sth./sb.was doing sth.,I was doing sth.4.当不明飞行物着陆时，你正在干啥？What were you doing when the UFO landed?5.当妈妈正在做饭时，我在看电视。While my

33、mother was cooking,I was watching TV.6.I was walking down the street when a UFO landed right in front of me.7.You can image how strange it was.8.I followed to see where it was going.9.Isn t that amazing!10.She didn t thinking about looking outside the station.11.I was so tired this morning.It was di

34、fficult to get out of the bed.12.Liu Xiang won the gold medal at the 2004 Olympics.13.Beijng was made host to the 2008 Olympics.14.People often remember what they were doing when they heard the news of important events in history.15.This was one of the most important events in modern American histor

35、y.16.Even the most everyday activities can seem important.17.Our teacher asked us to stop what we were doing and listen.头宠物猪飞上月球数百几百概数类似还有和相同与不同八年级下新目标英语重点短语及句型总汇更少的人修饰名词复数表示否定更少的空闲时间修饰不可数名词表示否定年后的时间短语用于将来时提问用爱上例当我第一次见到许老在家通过电脑学习同意某人的意见我不同意在一张纸上注意等常考到的不可数名词度假帮助某人做某事许多不同种金鱼住在公寓里住在上海路号作为一名记者显得精神看起来聪明你

36、在骗我吗在将来在未来不再强调多次发生的动作不过去时态中用于各种时态而只能用于一般现在时态例如不可以用大而且拥挤在上大学住在楼不可以用学习必备欢迎下载住在空间站穿得很随意休闲服饰赢得世界杯获僵变成现实花几百年的时间看起来有趣一次又一次形状不同今后年学习必备 欢迎下载 18.However,in more recent times,most Americans remember what they were doing when the World Trade Center in New York was destroyed by terrorists.19.Not all events in h

37、istory are as terrible as this,of course.20.His flight around the Earth lasted about 22 hours.本单元语法讲解 过去进行时（Past Progressive Tense）句型 S+was/were+V-ing 例 A：She was doing her homework at 8:30 yesterday evening.（昨天傍晚八点半她正在做家庭作业。）例 B：We were having supper at that time.（那个时候我们正在吃晚饭。）解说 如例 1 所示，在单句中使用过去进行

38、时来表达时必须把该动作正在进行中的时间表明清楚，否则就不合逻辑了。例如：I was taking a bath yesterday.（错）（昨天我正在洗澡昨天 24 小时都正在洗澡吗？）所以本句应该如例 1 来表达，或者用一般过去时表达如下：I took a bath yesterday.（昨天我洗了澡。）如果由上下文的文意，或者对谈中的话意可以了解“动作正在进行中的时间”，单句里就使用过去进行时来表达是很普通的，例如：A：I called you up yesterday evening.B：Did you?At what time?A：At around ten oclock.（大约在十点

39、钟。）B：Oh,I was taking a bath then.（哦，当时我正在洗澡。）过去进行时在表达上常用的句式是如例 2 所示和另一个一般过去时的动作相搭配。请观察下面的图解说明：过去有二动作 A和 B（如图示），在 B动作发生时稍早发生的 A动作正好在进行中，所以这种表达法通常都是复句（主句+副词从句）。例如：When I got up this morning,Mother was preparing breakfast in the kitchen.（今天早上我起床时妈妈正在厨房里准备早餐。“Mother。”是主句，“when，”是副词从句。）常用于修饰过去进行时的时间副词：过去

40、的某一定点时刻（at+过去的时刻），then（=at that time）（那时，当时），all+时间，“When/While/As”等副词从句，etc.Unit 4 He said I was hard-working 1.every Saturday 每周六 头宠物猪飞上月球数百几百概数类似还有和相同与不同八年级下新目标英语重点短语及句型总汇更少的人修饰名词复数表示否定更少的空闲时间修饰不可数名词表示否定年后的时间短语用于将来时提问用爱上例当我第一次见到许老在家通过电脑学习同意某人的意见我不同意在一张纸上注意等常考到的不可数名词度假帮助某人做某事许多不同种金鱼住在公寓里住在上海路号作为一名

41、记者显得精神看起来聪明你在骗我吗在将来在未来不再强调多次发生的动作不过去时态中用于各种时态而只能用于一般现在时态例如不可以用大而且拥挤在上大学住在楼不可以用学习必备欢迎下载住在空间站穿得很随意休闲服饰赢得世界杯获僵变成现实花几百年的时间看起来有趣一次又一次形状不同今后年学习必备 欢迎下载 2.first of all 首先 3.both and 两者都（谓语动词要注意对称原则）4.neither.nor 两者都不（谓语动词要注意就近和对称原则）5.most of 绝大多数 6.an exciting week 令人兴奋的一周 7.agree on something 同意某人的计划；对.取得

42、一致意见 8.agree to do sth.答应/同意做 9.pass on(to)传递 10.be supposed to do sth.被期望或被要求做.11.be mad at 对疯狂/生气 12.do better in=be better at 在.方面做得更好 13.be in good health 身体健康 14.report card 成绩单 15.sound/feel/smell/taste/look 是连系动词，一般只能跟 adj.做表语 16.sound like/feel like/smell like/taste like/look like 听起来像/感觉像/闻

43、起来像/尝起来像/看起来像+sb./sth.17.get over 克服；恢复；原谅 18.open up 打开/展开/开发/揭露 19.care for 照料；照顾；意愿；计较 20.have a(surprise)party for sb.为某人举行一次（惊喜 0 聚会 21.end-of-year exam=final exam 期末考试 22.not-anymore 不再 23.do a home project 做作业 24.be surprisedhappyexcited to do sth 做某事感到惊讶、高兴、激动 25.be get nervous 感到紧张 26.have

44、a very hard time with.在-日子不好过 27.an disappointing result 令人失望的结果 28.take leave a message 捎（留）个口信 29.have a big fight 30.it is a good idea for sb.to do sth 31.to teach in Chinas rural areas 32.feel lucky 33.people who need help 需要帮助的人 34.something we can do for them 我们能为他们做的事 35.there is no differenc

45、e betweenand.在。和。之间没有区别 36.Groups and the work they do Groups The work they do Greenpeace Cares for Mother Earth”Doctors Without Borders Helps sick people in poor countries UNICEF Helps children in poor countries WWF Cares for wild animals in danger 37.the Hope Project 希望工程 38.fortunately 本单元目标句型：转述

46、他人话语:What did sb.say?He said I She said sheThey said 1.许老师告诉我徐梦蝶会说二种语言。Mr.Xu told me that XuMengdie could speak three languages.2.许老师说地球绕着太阳转。Mr.Xu said(that)the earth turns around the sun.3.许老师告诉我他将去北京。She told me he would go to Beijing the next day.头宠物猪飞上月球数百几百概数类似还有和相同与不同八年级下新目标英语重点短语及句型总汇更少的人修饰名

47、词复数表示否定更少的空闲时间修饰不可数名词表示否定年后的时间短语用于将来时提问用爱上例当我第一次见到许老在家通过电脑学习同意某人的意见我不同意在一张纸上注意等常考到的不可数名词度假帮助某人做某事许多不同种金鱼住在公寓里住在上海路号作为一名记者显得精神看起来聪明你在骗我吗在将来在未来不再强调多次发生的动作不过去时态中用于各种时态而只能用于一般现在时态例如不可以用大而且拥挤在上大学住在楼不可以用学习必备欢迎下载住在空间站穿得很随意休闲服饰赢得世界杯获僵变成现实花几百年的时间看起来有趣一次又一次形状不同今后年学习必备 欢迎下载 4.许老师说欧洋正在做作业 Mr.Xu said OuYang was

48、doing his homework at that time.5.许老师说王硕研勤奋。Mr.Xu said Wang Shuoyan was hard-working.6.在英语上，与听相比，我更擅长于读。In English,Im better at reading than listening.7.情况怎样？How s it going?8.她不想再当我最好的朋友了。She didn t want to be my best friend anymore.9.I said it would start a bad habit,and that she would do her own w

49、ork.10.That s about all the news I have now.Mum and Dad send their love.11.She said helping others changed her life.12.Teaching high school students in a poor mountain village in Gansu Province may not like fun to you.13.The Peking University graduate first went there as an volunteer on a one-year p

50、rogram.14.Life in the mountains was a new experience for Lang Lei.Her village was 2,000metere above the sea level,and at first the thin air made her feel sick.15.Young people today need to experience different things 16.Some of the students may not be able to go to senior high school or collage.17.I