语言学选择题(附答案)_资格考试-教师资格考试.pdf

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1、语言学 A1._ A_ is the study of speech sounds in language or a language with reference to their distribution and patterning and to tacit rules governing pronunciation.A.Phonology B.Lexicography C.Lexicology D.Morphology C2._C_ is defined as the scientific study of language,studying language in general.A

2、.Psycholinguistics B.Neurolinguistics C.Linguistics D.Phonetics B3.Which of the linguistic items listed below is best described as the smallest unit of meaning?A.the word B.the morpheme C.the phoneme D.the clause B4.A prefix is an affix which appears _.A.after the stem B.before the stem C.in the mid

3、dle of the stem D.below the stem C 5.Which of the following is true?_ A.Phonetics is the study of pronunciation.B.Phonetics is the scientific study of the movement of sound waves.C.Phonetics is the scientific study of the sounds of language.D.Phonetics is the scientific study of the organs of speech

4、.D6.“Whats in a name?That which we call a rose By any other name would smell as sweet So Romeo would,were he not Romeo called,”(Romeo and Juliet,Act 2,Scene 2,435)To what characteristic of language dose Shakespeare refer?_ A.Creativity B.Productivity C.Duality D.Arbitrariness A7.Language,as a system

5、,consists of two sets of structures or two levels,which is known as _,one of a design features of human language.A.Duality B.Displacement C.Productivity D.Arbitrariness D8.The different members of a phoneme,sounds which are phonetically different but do not make one word different from another in me

6、aning,are _.A.phonemes B.phones C.sounds D.allophones A9.What is complementary distribution?_ A.Different places of occurrence of allophones within a word.B.When a phone can only occur at the end of a word.C.When an allophone occurs at the beginning of a word.D.Contrastive distribution of allophones

7、 D10._ deals with the analysis and creation of words,idioms and collocations.A.Morpheme B.Vocabulary C.Root D.Lexicon B1.Cold and hot are called _ antonyms.A.complementary B.gradable 欢迎下载 2 C.reversal D.converse C2.“I regret that I can t help you.”This is an example of _ _.A.representatives B.direct

8、ives C.expressives D.commissives D.What is the duality of the language?_ A.Letters and sounds B.Sounds and symbols C.Symbols and meaning D.sounds and meaning A4.“I bought some roses”_“I bought some flowers”.A.entails B.presupposes C.is inconsistent with D.is synonymous with C5.Of the following lingu

9、ists,_ should be grouped into Prague School.A.Bloomfield B.Saussure C.Jakobson D.Firth C6.Damage in and around the angular gyrus of the parietal lobe often causes the impairment of reading and writing ability,which is often referred to as acquired _.A.diglossia B.aphasia C.dyslexia D.dysgraphia A7._

10、 A Dictionary of the English Language established a uniform standard for the spelling and word use.A.Samuel Johnson s B.Bishop Lowth s C.Firth s D.Samuel John s B8.What is phonology?_ A.The study of how speech sounds are made,transmitted and received B.The study of the function,behavior and organiza

11、tion of speech sounds as linguistic items.C.The study of the International Phonetic Alphabet.D.The study of all possible speech sounds.D9.The morpheme“cast”in the common word“telecast”is a(n)_.A.bound morpheme B.bound form C.inflectional morpheme D.free morpheme D10.A phoneme is _.A.a set of differe

12、nt realization of a phone B.a set of contrastive allophones in free variation C.a set of phones in complementary distribution D.a set of phonetically similar noncontrastive phones A1.Firstly,to which of these language groups dose English belong?_ A.Germanic B.Slavonic C.romance D.Baltic D2.What is d

13、efined as“the study of sentence structure”?_ A.Morphology B.Semantics C.Phonology D.Syntax D3.According to Krashen,_ refers to the gradual and subconscious development of ability in the first language by using it naturally in daily communicative situations.A.learning B.competence C.performance D.acq

14、uisition 欢迎下载 3 C4.There are different types of affixes or morphemes.The affix“ed”in the word“learned”is known as a(n)_.A.derivational morpheme B.free morpheme C.inflectional morpheme D.free form C5._ studies the total stock of morphemes of a language,especially those items which have clear semantic

15、 references.A.Phonology B.Lexicology C.Morphology D.Lexicography A6.As a type of linguistic system in L2 learning,_ is a product of L2 training,mother tongue interference,overgeneralization of the target language rules,and learning and communicative strategies of the learner.A.interlanguage B.interf

16、erence C.language transfer D.linguistic relativity A7._ means the lack of a logical connection between the form of something and its expression in sounds.A.Arbitrariness B.Abstractness C.Ambiguity D.Fuzziness B8.The term _ linguistics may be defined as a way of referring to the approach which studie

17、s language change over various periods of time and at various historical stages.A.synchronic B.diachronic C.comparative D.historical comparative D9.When a speech sound changes and becomes more like another sound that follows or precedes it,it is said to be _.A.nasalized B.voiced C.aspirated D.assimi

18、lated C10.F.de Saussure is a(n)_ linguist.A.American B.British C.Swiss D.Russian A1.N.Chomsky is a(n)_ linguist.A.American B.Canada C.Swiss D.French B2.The Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis has two thrusts:_ and _.A.Linguistic description,Linguistic determinism B.Linguistic determinism,Linguistic relativity C.

19、Linguistic relativity,Linguistic description D.Linguistic determinism,Linguistic performance A3.A special language variety that mixes or blends languages and used by people who speak different language for restricted purpose is _.A.pidigin B.creole C.dialect D.blends B4.By _,we refer to word forms w

20、hich differ from each other only by one sound,e.g.“pin”and“bin”.A.complementally distribution B.minimal pair C.Adjacency pair D.codeswitching A5.When two sounds never occur in the same environment they said to be in _.A.complementary distribution B.free variation 欢迎下载 4 C.co-occurrence D.minimal pai

21、r D6._ century is considered to be the beginning of Modern English.A.18th B.17th C.19th D.16th B7.Conventionally a _ _ is put in slashes.A.allophone B.phoneme C.phone D.morpheme D8._ _ is a principle of scientific method,based on the belief that the only things valid enough to confirm or refute o sc

22、ientific theory are interpersonally observable phenomena,rather than people s introspections or intuitions.A.Mentalism B.Functional grammar C.Case grammar D.Behaviorism C9.According to Searle,those illocutionary acts whose point is to commit the speaker to some future course of action are called _C.

23、A.expressives B.directives C.commisives D.declaratives*C 10.A _ _ is often seen as part of a word,but it can never stand by itself although it bears clear,definite meaning.A.morpheme B.word C.root D.phoneme D1.Linguistics is the scientific study of _.A.a particular language B.the English language C.

24、human language in general D.the system of a particular language A2._ _ is the language that a learner constructs at a given stage of SLA.A.Interlanguage B.Ideology C.Dialect D.Interference B3.Phonological rules that govern the combination of sounds in a particular language are called _ _ rule.A.Dele

25、tion B.Sequential C.superasegmental D.Assimilation B 4.“There is no direct link between a linguistic form and what it refers to”.This is the _ view concerning the study of meaning.A.naming theory B.conceptualist C.contextualist D.behaviorist A5.English consonants can be classified into stops,fricati

26、ves,nasals,etc.,in terms of _.A.manner of articulation B.openness of mouth C.place of articulation D.voicing A6.According to Chomsky,_ _ is the ideal user s internalized knowledge of his language.A.competence B.parole C.performance D.langue A7._ is not a suprasegmental feature.A.Aspiration B.Intonat

27、ion C.Stress D.Tone A8 _ is a phenomenon that L2 learners subconsciously use their L1language in their learning process.欢迎下载 5 A.Language transfer B.Blending C.Interference D.Cooperative C9._ are affixes added to an existing form to create a new word,e.g.in-,-er.A.inflectional morpheme B.free morphe

28、me C.derivational morpheme D.root B10.Writing is the secondary language form based on _.A.sound B.speech C.gesture D.sign C1._ covers the study of language use in relation to context,and in particular the study of linguistic communication.A.Semantics B.Sociolinguistics C.Pragmatics D.Linguistics A2.

29、Morphemes that represent“tense”,“number”,“gender”,“case”and so on are called _ morphemes.A.inflectional B.free C.bound D.derivational C3.Which of the following is not a compound word?_ A.clearway B.rainbow C.scarcity D.without A4.The fact that ability to speak a language is transmitted from generati

30、on to generation by process of learning,and not genetically is referred to as _.A.culture transmission B.performance C.competence D.acquisition C5._ is the language of Angles,Saxons and Jutes who invaded Britain after AD 450.A.Old Norse B.Cletic C.Old English D.Middle English C6.A group of two or mo

31、re consonants together in a syllable is called a(n)_.A.arresting cluster B.releasing cluster C.consonant cluster D.syllable C7.The semantic features of the word“woman”can be expressed as _.A.+ANIMATE,-HUMAN,+ADULT,+MALE B.+ANIMATE,+HUMAN,-ADULT,+MALE C.+ANIMATE,+HUMAN,+ADULT,-MALE D.+ANIMATE,-HUMAN,

32、-ADULT,-MALE A8._ is to refer to an auxiliary language used to enable routine communication to take place between groups of people who speak different native languages.A.Lingua franca B.Dialect C.Pidgin D.Ethnic dialect A9._ is the study of the relationship between brain and language,including resea

33、rch into how the structure of the brain influences language learning.A.Neurolinguistics B.Psyhcholingistics C.Applied Linguistics D.Sociolinguistics B10.Modern synchronic linguistics traditionally dates from the _ of Swiss scholar Ferdinand de Saussure.A.Syntactic structure B.Cours de Linguitique Ge

34、neral C.De Lingua Latina D.Language and Mind 欢迎下载 6 A1.According to the strong version of the _ hypothesis,language determines speakers perceptions and patterns their way of life.A.Sapir Whorf B.input C.Grim D.Innateness D2.Which of the following is true?_ A.In the history of any language the writin

35、g system always came into being before the spoken form.B.A compound is the combination of only two words.C.The division of English into old English,Middle English,and Modern English is nonconventional and not arbitrary.D.If a child is deprived of linguistic environment,he or she is unlikely to learn

36、 a language successfully later on.D3.Which of the following statements is not true?_ A.Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication.B.Language is human specific C.Language is relatively stable and systematic while parole is subject to personal and situational constrai

37、nts D.The first language was invented by Adam,the first man.B 4.A group of people who do in fact have the opportunity to interact with each other and who share not just a single language with its related varieties but also attitudes to-ward linguistic norms are defined as _.A.speech variety B.speech

38、 community C.register D.sociolect C5.“Your money or your life?”is an example of _.A.representative B.expressive C.directives D.commissives D6.Which of the following distinctive features can be used to separate p and b?_ A.stop B.fricatives C.bilabial D.voiced D7._ studies the total stock of morpheme

39、s of a language particularly those items which have clear semantic references.A.Lexicography B.Phonology C.Lexicology D.Morphology C8._ theorized that acquisition of language is an innate process determined by biological factors which limit the important period for acquisition of a language from rou

40、ghly two years of age to puberty.A.Input hypothesis B.Interaction hypothesis C.Critical period hypothesis D.Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis C9.An example of _ would be the change in meaning undergone by the OE word,docga,modern day dog.In OE docga referred to a particular breed of dog,while in modern usage i

41、t refers to the class of dogs as a whole.A.semantic degradations B.semantic reductions C.semantic extensions D.semantic elevation C10.According to Chomsky,the child is born with a built in set of rules,which have the specific function of enabling her to construct the grammar of her mother tongue.Thi

42、s view is to be seen as _.A.Input hypothesis B.X-theory C.Language acquisition device D.Universal grammar 欢迎下载 7 D1.“Old”and“Young”are a pair of _ opposites.A.complementary B.relational C.converse D.gradable B2.Systemic-Functional Grammar,one of the most influential linguistic theories in the 20th c

43、entury,is put forward by _.A.Chomsky B.Halliday C.Firth D.Malinowski D3.Vowels that are produced between the positions for a front and back vowel are called _ vowel.A.back B.front C.unrounded D.central D4.From Halliday s viewpoint,language is a form of realization of _ rather than a form of realizat

44、ion of_.A.knowing,doing B.thinking,knowing C.doing,thinking D.doing,knowing C5._ believes that language learning is simply a matter of imitation and habit formation.A.The innatist B.The interactionist C.The behaviorist D.The mentalist C6._studies the physical properties of speech sound,as transmitte

45、d between mouth and ear.A.Articulatory phonetics B.Physiological phonetics C Acoustic phonetics D.Auditory phonetics B7.Creativity refers to _.A.the unconscious knowledge that language users have in their minds B.the capacity of language users to produce and understand an indefinitely large number o

46、f sentences C.a property claimed to be characteristic of all languages D.animals capacity to learn more than one h uman language A8.Fossilization is a process _ _.A.in which incorrect linguistic features beca me a permanent part of a learners competence B.in which incorrect as well as correct lingui

47、stic features beca me a permanent part of a learners competence,but the correct items gradually delete the incorrect items C.which can happen as a result of teachers disapproval of an incorrect item D.A and C are correct B9.“Competence”refers to _.A.knowledge of meaning of words and sentences B.a sp

48、eakers unconscious knowledge about his/her language C.the actual use of a speakers unconscious knowledge about his/her language D.the laws that pertain to all languages throughout the world A10._ refers to unintentionally deviation from the adult grammar of a native speaker.A.An error B.A mistake C.

49、A slip of the tongue D.Fossilization C1._ is a multiword construction that is a semantic unit whose meaning cannot be deduced from the meanings of its constituents.A.semantic component B.collocation C.idiom D.reference B2.The distinction between langue and parole is similar to that between _.A.presc

50、riptive and descriptive B.competence and performance 欢迎下载 8 C.speech and writing D.synchronic and diachronic A3.Nouns,verbs,and adjectives can be classified as _.A.open class words B.grammatical words C.closed class words D.function words B4.What is the meaning relationship between the two words“fur