新人教版八上Units(1-10)英语知识归纳及能力训练_中学教育-中考.pdf

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1、 新人教版八上 Units(1-10)英语知识归纳 Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?短语：go on vacation stay at home go to the mountains go to the beach visit museums go to summer camp quite a few study for go out most of the time taste good have a good time of course feel like go shopping in the past walk around too many

2、because of one bowl of find out go on take photos something important up and down come up 语法：Where did you go on vacation?I went to New York City.Did you go out with anyone?No,No one was here.Everyone was on vacation.Did you buy anything special?Yes,I bought something for my father.How was the food?

3、Everything tasted really good.Did everyone have a good time?Oh，yes.Everything was excellent.惯用法：1.buy sth for ab./buy sb.sth 为某人买某物 2.taste+adj.尝起来 3.nothing.but+V.(原形)除了之外什么都没有 4.seem+(to be)+adj 看起来 5.arrive in+大地方/arrive at+小地方 到达某地 6.decide to do sth.决定做某事 7.try doing sth.尝试做某事/try to do sth.尽力做

4、某事 8.enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 9.want to do sth.想去做某事 10.start doing sth.开始做某事 11.stop doing sth.停止做某事 12.look+adj 看起来 13.dislike doing sth.不喜欢做某事 14.Why not do sth.为什么不做.呢？15.so+adj+that+从句 如此以至于 16.tell sb.(not)to do sth.告诉某人（不要）做某事 17.keep doing sth.继续做某事 18.forget to do sth.忘记去做某事/forget doing sth 忘

5、记做过某事 词语辨析：1.anywhere 与 somewhere 两者都是不定副词。anyw here 在任何地方，常用于否定句和疑问句中。I can t find it anywhere.somewhere 在某处，到某处，常用于肯定句。I lost my key somewhere near here.2.seem+形容词 看起来.You seem happy today.seem+to do sth.似乎、好像做某事 I seem to have a cold I seems/seemed+从句 看起来好像；似乎.It seems that no one believe you.see

6、m like.好像，似乎.It seems like a god idea.3.decide to do sth.决定做某事 They decide to visit the museum.decide+疑问词+动词不定式 He can not decide when to leave.4.start doing sth=start to do sth.开始，可与 begin 互换。He started doing his homework.但以下几种情况不能用 begin.1)创办，开办：He started a new bllkshop last month.2)机器开动：I can t

7、start my car.3)出发，动身：I will start tomorrow morning.5.over 介词，多于，超过，在以上（表示数目、程度）=more than My father is over 40 years old.在之上，与物体垂直且不接触，与 under 相反。There is a map over the blackboard.超过：I hear the news over the radio.遍及：I want to travel all over the world.6.too many 太多，后接可数名词复数：Mother bought too many

8、eggs yesterday.too much 太多，修饰不可数名词，修饰动词作状语。We have too much work to do.Don t talk too much.much too 太，修饰形容词或副词。The hat is much too big for me.You re walking much too fast.分辨三者的口诀：too much,much too,用法区别看后头：much 后接不可数，too 后修饰形或副。too many 要记住，后面名词必复数。7.because of 介词短语，因为，由于，后接名词、代词或动名词，不能接句子。He can t t

9、ake a walk because of the rain.because 连词，因为，引导状语从句，表示直接明确的原因或理由。I don t buy the shirt because it was too expensive.对话：Rick:Hi,Helen.Long time no see.Helen:Hi,Rick.Yes,I was on vacation last month.Rick:Oh,did y ou go anywhere interesting?Hele n:Yes,I went to Guizhou with my family.Rick:Wow!Did you s

10、ee Huangguoshu waterfall?Helen:Yes,I did.It was wonderful!We took quite a few photo there.What about you?Did you do anything special last month?Rcik:Not really.I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax.用 anyone,something,anything,everything,nothing,everyone,no one 填空。1.Linda:Did you d

11、o _ fun on your bacation,Alice?Alice:Yes,I did.I went to Sanya.Linda:How did you like it?Alice:Well,it was my first time there,so _ was really interesting.Linda:Did you go with _?Alice:Yes,I did.I went with my sister.Linda:Did you go shopping?Alice:Of course!I bought _ for my parents.But _ for mysel

12、f.Linda:Why didnt you buy _for yourself.Alice:I didnt really see_ I liked.2.Dear bill,How was your vacation?Did you do _ interesting?Did _ in the family go with you?I went to a friends farm in the countryside with my family._was great.We fed some hens and saw some baby pigs.They were so cute!The onl

13、y problem was that there was _ much to do in the evening but read.Still _ seemed to be bored.Byefor now!Mark 某事尝试做某事尽力做某事喜欢做某事想去做某事开始做某事停止做某事看起来不喜欢做某事为什么不做呢从句如此以至于告诉某人不要做某事继续做某事忘记去做某事忘记做过某事为某人买某物词语辨析与两者都是不定副词在任像似乎决定做某事疑问词动词不定式开始可与互换但以下几种情况不能用创办开办机器开动出发动身介词多于超过在以上表示数目程度在之上与物体垂直且不接触与相反超过遍及太多后接可数名词复数太多

14、修饰不可数名词修饰动词短语因为由于后接名词代词或动名词不能接句子连词因为引导状语从句表示直接明确的原因或理由对话填空用用所给动词的正确形式填空阅读理解徒步旅行阅读短文回答问题一补全对话二汉译英当学生们在说话时王老师进来了踢足用所给动词的正确形式填空。Last August,our class_(do)something very special on our school trip.We _(go)to mount Tai.We_(start)our trip at 12:00 at night.Everyone in our class_(take)a bag with some food

15、and water.After three hours,someone looked at the map and _(find)out we _(be,not)anywhere near the top.My legs _(be)so tired that I wanted to stop.My classmates_(tell)me to keep going,so I _(go)on.At 5:00 a.m.,we got to the top!Everyone _(jump)up and down in excitement.Twenty minutes later,the sun _

16、(start)to come up.It was so beautiful that we _(forget)about the last five hours!阅读理解：I spent my last vacation trekking(徒步旅行)in Nepal，a small country in the Himalaya Mountains of Asia.On a trekking vacation,you walk for long distances through the mountains.There are very few roads in Nepal,so trekki

17、ng is the best way to travel.Its best if you have a guide.The guides know the best paths to take and they also help trekkers with their bags.Our guide even cooked our food for us.Every day,we trekked for about four hours before lunch,and about two hours in the afternoon.At the end of the days trek,w

18、e sat around a campfire and talked about the things we saw.Then we went to sleep in large tents.Every morning,our guide brought breakfast to our tent.It was great.At the end of the trip,I didnt want to go home!Question:What is the best title for this passage?A.Traveling through Asia B.The people of

19、Nepal C.Exercise and Health D.Waking in the Mountains 阅读短文回答问题：Read Janes diary entries about her vacation and answer the question.Did Jane have a good time on Monday?What about on Tuesday?Monday,July15th I arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family.It was sunny and hot,so we decided

20、to go to the beach near our hotel.My sister and I tried paragliding.I felt like I was a bird.It was so exciting.For lunch,we had something very specialMalaysian yellow noodles.They were delicious!In the afternoon,we rode bicycles to Georgetown.There are a lot of new buildings now,but many of the old

21、 buildings are still there.In Weld Quay,a really old place in Georgetown,we saw the houses of the Chinese traders from 100 years ago.I wonder what life was like here in the past.I really enjoyed walking around the town.Tuesday,July 16th What a difference a day makes!My father and I decided to go to

22、Penang Hill today.We wanted to walk up to the top,but then it stared raining a little so we decided to take the train.We waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people.When we got to the top,it was raining really hard.We didnt have an umbrella so we were wet and cold.It was ter

23、rible!And because of the bad weather,we couldnt see anything.My father didnt bring enough money,so we only had one bowl of rice and some fish.The food tasted great because I was so hungry!Unit 1 Exercise 某事尝试做某事尽力做某事喜欢做某事想去做某事开始做某事停止做某事看起来不喜欢做某事为什么不做呢从句如此以至于告诉某人不要做某事继续做某事忘记去做某事忘记做过某事为某人买某物词语辨析与两者都是不

24、定副词在任像似乎决定做某事疑问词动词不定式开始可与互换但以下几种情况不能用创办开办机器开动出发动身介词多于超过在以上表示数目程度在之上与物体垂直且不接触与相反超过遍及太多后接可数名词复数太多修饰不可数名词修饰动词短语因为由于后接名词代词或动名词不能接句子连词因为引导状语从句表示直接明确的原因或理由对话填空用用所给动词的正确形式填空阅读理解徒步旅行阅读短文回答问题一补全对话二汉译英当学生们在说话时王老师进来了踢足一.补全对话：Anna:Hi,Jane.Where you go on vacation last week?Jane:I _ to Penang in _.Anna:Who _you

25、go with?Jane:I went with my _.Anna:What did you do?Jane:The weather was hot and _ on Monday,so we went _on the beach.Then in the afternoon,we_ bicycles to Georgetown.Anna:Sounds good!Jane:Well,but the nest day was not good.My_ and I went to Penang Hill,but the weather_ really bad and rainy.We _ a lo

26、ng time for the train and we were _ and cold because we forgot to bring an _.Anna:Oh,no!Jane:And that s not all!We also didn t bring_ money,so we only had one bowl of rice and some fish.二.汉译英 1.当学生们在说话时，王老师进来了。（as）2.Tom 踢足球不错，但是我踢得也一样好。(as)3.我对他不够熟悉。(enough)4.他感觉像在游泳一样。(feel like)5.你想和我在公园散步吗？(feel

27、like)6.为什么不试着骑车去上学呢？（try）7.我不能决定我该去哪儿.(decide)8.为什么不把你儿子带来参加聚会？（bring）9.我差点忘了我的钥匙。(forget)10.我不喜欢玩电脑游戏。（dislike）11.他是一个留着短发的高个子小孩。（with）12.他跑得非常快，没有人能追上他。（so that）13.她每天早晨早起以便能赶上早班公共汽车。(so that)14.我告诉他不要在墙上画画。（tellnot to do）Unit 2 How often do you exercise?短语：某事尝试做某事尽力做某事喜欢做某事想去做某事开始做某事停止做某事看起来不喜欢做某

28、事为什么不做呢从句如此以至于告诉某人不要做某事继续做某事忘记去做某事忘记做过某事为某人买某物词语辨析与两者都是不定副词在任像似乎决定做某事疑问词动词不定式开始可与互换但以下几种情况不能用创办开办机器开动出发动身介词多于超过在以上表示数目程度在之上与物体垂直且不接触与相反超过遍及太多后接可数名词复数太多修饰不可数名词修饰动词短语因为由于后接名词代词或动名词不能接句子连词因为引导状语从句表示直接明确的原因或理由对话填空用用所给动词的正确形式填空阅读理解徒步旅行阅读短文回答问题一补全对话二汉译英当学生们在说话时王老师进来了踢足help with housework go shopping on we

29、ekends how often hardly ever once a week twice a month go to the movies every day use the Internet be free have dance and piano lessons swing dance play tennis stay up late at least go to bed early play sports be good for go camping in one s free time not.at all the most popular such as go to the de

30、ntist more than old habits the hard less than 语法要点：What do you usually do on weekends?I always exercise.What do they do on weekends?They often help with housework.What does she do on weekends?She sometimes goes shopping.How often do you go to the movies?I go to the movies maybe once a month.来源:学科网 Z

31、XXK How often does he watch TV?He hardly ever watches TV.Do you go shopping?No,I never go shopping.惯用法：1.help sb.with sth 帮助某人做某事 2.How about?.怎么样？/.好不好？3.want sb.to do sth.想让某人做某事 4.How many+可数名词复数+一般疑问句 .有多少.5.主语+find+that 从句 发现 6.It s+adj.+to do sth.做某事是.的 7.spend time with sb.和某人一起度过时光 8.ask sb.

32、about sth.向某人询问某事 9.by doing sth.通过做某事 10.What s your favorite.?你最喜欢的是什么？11 start doing sth.开始做某事 12.the best way to do sth.做某事的最好方式 词语辨析：1.how often 多久一次，用来提问动作发生的频率。回答用：once，twice,three times 等词语。How often do you play sports?Three times a week.how long 多长，用来询问多长时间，也可询问某物有多长。How long does it take t

33、o get to Shanghai from here?How long is the ruler?how for 多远，用来询问距离，指路程的远近。How far is it from here to the park?It s about 2 kilometers.2.free 空闲的，有空的，反义词为 busy.be free 有空，闲着，相当于 have time.I ll be free next week.=I ll have time next week.还可作“免费的、自由的”解。be free to do sth.自由地做某事。The tickets are free.You

34、 re free to go or to stay.3.How come？怎么会？怎么回事？表示某件事情很奇怪，有点想不通；可单独使用，也可引导一个问句，相当于疑问句 why,但 how come 开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍然是陈述语序。How come Tom didn t come to the party?=Why didn t Tom come to the party?4.stay up late 指“熬夜到很晚，迟睡”。Don t stay up late next time.来源:学|科|网 stay up 指“熬夜，不睡觉”。He stayed up all night to w

35、rite his story.5.go to bed 强调“上床睡觉”的动作及过程，但人不一定睡着。I went to bed at eleven last night.go to sleep 强调“入睡，睡着，进入梦乡”。She was so tired that she went to sleep soon.6.find+宾语+名词,发现 ：We have found him(to be)a good boy.find+宾语+形容词，发现：He found the room dirty.find+宾语+现在分词，发现：I found her standing at the door.7.p

36、ercent 百分数，基数词+percent：percent 没有复数形式，作主语时，根据所修饰的名词来判断某事尝试做某事尽力做某事喜欢做某事想去做某事开始做某事停止做某事看起来不喜欢做某事为什么不做呢从句如此以至于告诉某人不要做某事继续做某事忘记去做某事忘记做过某事为某人买某物词语辨析与两者都是不定副词在任像似乎决定做某事疑问词动词不定式开始可与互换但以下几种情况不能用创办开办机器开动出发动身介词多于超过在以上表示数目程度在之上与物体垂直且不接触与相反超过遍及太多后接可数名词复数太多修饰不可数名词修饰动词短语因为由于后接名词代词或动名词不能接句子连词因为引导状语从句表示直接明确的原因或理由对

37、话填空用用所给动词的正确形式填空阅读理解徒步旅行阅读短文回答问题一补全对话二汉译英当学生们在说话时王老师进来了踢足谓语的单复数。Forty percent of the students in our class are girls.Thirty percent of time passed.8.more than 超过，多于，不仅仅，相当于 over.在句型转换中考查两者的同义替换。反义词组为：less than.I lived in Shanghai for more than/over ten years.9.afraid 形容词，担心的，害怕的，在句中作表语，不用在名词前作定语。I m

38、 afraid we can t come here on time.be afraid of sb/sth 害怕某人/某事；be afraid of doing sth.害怕做某事。Some children are afraid of the dark.Don t be afraid of asking question.I m afraid+从句，恐怕，担心：I m afraid I have to go now.10.sometimes,sometime,some times,some time 的区别：sometimes 频度副词，有时。表示动作发生的不经常性，多与一般现在时连用，可

39、位于句首、句中或句末。Sometimes I get up very early.-How often do you get up?sometime 副词，某个时候。表示不确切或不具体的时间，常用于过去时或将来时，对它用疑问词 when.I will go to Shanghai sometime next week.-When will you go to Shanghai next week?some times 名词词组，几次，几倍。其中 time 是可数名词，对它提问用 how many times.I have read the story some times.-How many

40、times have you read the story?some time 名词短语，一段时间.表示“一段时间”时，句中谓语动词常为延续性动词，提问时用 How long.I ll stay here for some time.-How long will you stay here?Jack:Hi,Cllaire,are you free next week?Claire:Hum next week is quite full for me,Jack.Jack:Really?How come?Claire:I have dance and piano lessons.Jack:What

41、 kind of dance are you learning?Claire:Oh,swing dance.It s fun!I have class once a week every Monday.Jack:How often do you have piano lessons?Claire:Twice a week,on Wednesday and Friday.Jack:Well,how about Tuesday.来源:学,科,网 Z,X,X,K Claire:Oh,I have to play tennis with my friends.But do you want to co

42、me?Jack:Sure!用 do/does 完成问题并配对。1.How often _ he play soccer?a.Yes,She usually does.2._you drink milk?b.Hardly ever.I don t like them.3.How often _they stay up late?c.He plays at least twice a week.4._Sue eat a healthy breakfast?d.No,they don t.They re too busy.5.How often _you eat apple?e.Never.They

43、 always go to bed early.6._ your parents play sports?f.Yes,I do.Every day.读短文，完成问题。What do No.5 High School Students do in their free time?Last month we asked our students about their free time activities.Our questions were about exercise.,use of the Internet and watching TV.Here are the results.We

44、found that only fifteen percent of our students exercise every day.Forty-five percent exercise four to six times a week.Twenty percent exercise only one to three times a week.And twenty percent do not exercise at all!We all know that many students often go on-line,but we were surprised that ninety p

45、ercent of them use the Internet every day.The other ten percent use it at lease three or four time a week.Most students use it for fun and not for homework.The answers to our questions about watching television were also interesting.Only two percent of the students watch TV one to three times a week

46、.Thirteen percent watch TV four to six times a week.And 某事尝试做某事尽力做某事喜欢做某事想去做某事开始做某事停止做某事看起来不喜欢做某事为什么不做呢从句如此以至于告诉某人不要做某事继续做某事忘记去做某事忘记做过某事为某人买某物词语辨析与两者都是不定副词在任像似乎决定做某事疑问词动词不定式开始可与互换但以下几种情况不能用创办开办机器开动出发动身介词多于超过在以上表示数目程度在之上与物体垂直且不接触与相反超过遍及太多后接可数名词复数太多修饰不可数名词修饰动词短语因为由于后接名词代词或动名词不能接句子连词因为引导状语从句表示直接明确的原因或理

47、由对话填空用用所给动词的正确形式填空阅读理解徒步旅行阅读短文回答问题一补全对话二汉译英当学生们在说话时王老师进来了踢足eighty-five percent watch TV every day!Although many students like to watch sports,game shows are the most popular.It is good to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows,but we think the best way to relax is through exercise.It is

48、healthy for the mind and the body.Exercise as playing spots is fun,and you can spend time with your friends and family as you play together.And remember,“Old habits die hard”,So stat exercising before it s too late!Exercise_%every day _%4-6times a week _%1-3 times a week _%no exercise Use the Intern

49、et _%every day _%3-4times a week Watch TV _%every day _%4-6 times a week _%1-3 times a week 看表格信息完成报告 activities Day a year Exercise Read books Watch TV for over 2 hours Drink juice Eat hamburgers Help with housework Stay up late Go to the dentist 365 365 320 210 95 20 15 0 Jane is a 16-year-old hig

50、h school student in the United States.American Teenager magazine asked her about her habits.Jane has a lot of good habits.She always exercise and she reads books _.Also,she _ drinks juice and she _stay up late.However,she has some bad habits,too.She _watches TV for more than two hours a day,and she