六年级英语阅读理解解题方法_外语学习-英语阅读.pdf

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1、六年级英语阅读理解解题方法 在小升初英语考试中，阅读理解是考试中分值比重较大也是必考的一道题目。阅读理 解是英语中词汇、句式、语法的综合运用，是一个比较综合的题目，对所掌握的英语技能 的程度要求比较高。所以在同学们平时的学习中，既要重视对英语基础知识的掌握，又要 养成阅读的好习惯，加强练习。下面是英语阅读理解的解题方法及例题讲解，大家可以看 下。1、当你拿到一篇短文时，先要通读全文。切记不要一上来就一句一句地看，一句一句一理 解，这样做会影响你对整篇文章的理解和认识。在通读文章的时候如果遇上生词，先不要 管它，略过生词继续通读全文。2、读完第一遍，再从头阅读。这一遍要注意句式和语法，了解文章内

2、容，特别是事件发生 的时间，同时来猜测一下生词的含义。3、在你读第三遍的时候，要关注文章中提到的人物、时间、地点、发生了什么事等信息。这样你就可以完全了解文章 一般说来，在练习、考试中完成阅读理解的题目和去阅读一篇文章是有区别的。在练 习、考试中阅读一篇文章更多的是为了完成各种题目，而并非要真正对一篇文章有全面的 了解，所以方法上会有一些不同。1、首先要关注文章的题目，因为题目往往就是文章的中心所在。2、其次在认读整篇文章后，要关注文章中出现了哪些人物，提到了什么时间，说到了哪个 地点，发生了什么事情，这些都是你完成题目的关键信息。3、第三要看清题目的形式，通常会有 3 种类型：(1)选择题;

3、(2)判断题;(3)回答问题。在这三 种形式中，相对而言，判断题的难度最小，回答问题的难度比较大。完成判断题的选择题 最为有效的方法，也是同学们使用最多的方法是用题目中的句子去和文章里的原句对照，通过对照进行判断或选择。在完成回答问题的题目时，先要读懂问句的意思，再从文章中 找出相应的内容，在对问题进行笔答时，要注意句式、人称与动词的形式、时态等。(一)根据短文内容判断正(T)误(F)此类题目要求快速浏览所给图片和文字，初步把握内容，了解大意;然后细读，抓住主 要内容和细节，标出关键词语，以便验证;也可以先浏览题目，明确要求后再看文章，然后 做出判断。这样不但节省时间，提高速度，而且可以抓住重

4、点，做到有的放矢。1.阅读短文，根据短文内容选择正确答案，My ClassI study at Yu Hong Primary School in Guangzhou.I have forty seven classmates(同学).Twenty three are boys and twenty four are girls.Our classroom is a nice one.It s very big.There are four windows and two doors in it.We have a big blackboard and a small one.The big

5、one is for our teachers and the small one is for us.Mr.Li is our Chinese teacher.He is an old man.We don t like him at all.But Miss Chen,our English teacher,is a young woman.She is very nice.We all like her very much.So we like English the best.We often play basketball with Miss Li.(1).()I am a_.A.s

6、tudent B.pupil C.teacher(2).()There are_.A.Forty eight B.forty seven C.forty six(3).()Our classroom is_.A.small B.old C.nice(4).()There is only one_ in our classroom.A.blackboard B.small blackboard C.big window(5).()Our favorite subject is _.A.Chinese B.English C.basketball2、阅读文章，并判断所给的句子是否与短文的内容相符，

7、如相符，在括号内写“T”，如不符，在括号内写“F”。There are three children under the tree.They are all my good friends.The boy in black is Tom.The girl in pink and the girl in red is Emma.Tom is in the same class with me.We often play football together.Tom s mother is a nurse and his father is a teacher.Tom wants to be a d

8、octor in the future.Jane s mother and my mother work at the same factory.They are also good friends.Jane s father is a teacher.He teaches math very well.He is very kind and we all like him.Emma s family just moved into the town from countryside.Her farther used to be a farmer.He is now working in a

9、small company.Emma s mother is a housewife.()(1)There are one boy and two girls under the tree.()(2)There are only two people in Tom s family.()(3)Tom s mother is a doctor.()(4)My mother is a worker.()(5)Jane s father teaches math.()(6)Emma used to live in the town.()(7)Emma s father was a farmer.(二

10、)根据短文内容选择正确答案。注重理解整篇短文的内容，在阅读时不要抓住一个单词，一个词组的意思不放，从而 影响对整篇文章的理解。其实有些生词是不影响阅读的，而有些生词是可以根据上下文的 意思推敲出来的。因此，不必把它拿出来单独思考。然后再在理解的基础上进行分析，通 过逻辑思维，做出选择，完成题目。1.I am Mike.I am a American boy.Now I m in China.I live in Shanghai.It s a very beautiful city.I study in a school here.I usually go to school by bus.I

11、like playing football very much.I play it with my friends on the weekends.My mother is a TV reporter.She goes to work by subway.She likes singing very much.She often listens to music on TV.My father is a teacher.He teaches P.E.in a school.He goes to work on foot.He likes art.He often draws pictures

12、on Saturday.()(1)Mike lives in _ now.A.Shanghai B:Beijing C:America()(2)Mike is a _ now.A.teacher B.a reporter C.student()(3)Mike s hobby is _A.playing football B.listening to music C.painting()(4)His father goes to work _主所表达的军民之间的关爱晚辈对长辈的感恩之情都让我对父母对老师对朋友有了新的认识在地震中还坚持留在手术台前的曾令春我们都在不要担忧这轻轻的一句话带给病人的不

13、仅仅是安康还有活下去的信心和勇气连续工作天的电 有为保卫祖国边防三年没有和母亲见面的马文他们隔河相见的场面让我哭了一回又一回在看完为妈妈洗一次脚的文章后我也为妈妈洗了一次脚虽然没有人给我分配这项工作但我知道妈妈为我付出了太多太多每次我学习有了进步都能 这篇文章使我深受教育也给了我许多启迪原来能为妈妈做的事太多太多一个问候一句关心的话倒一杯水盛一碗饭都能表达我对妈妈的爱对妈妈的情我们的强大的我们的民族是团结的我们的社会是和谐的级大地震让我们更加坚强让世A.by subway B.on foot C.by bus2、选择填空。Mike likes to collect stamps.He star

14、ted this hobby of collecting stamp the year before last.He has stamps from China,France and Japan.But most of his stamps are from China,because he has lots of friends in China.Mike s stamps are of various shapes triangle,square,rectangle and circle.His favorite shape is circle.Mike puts all his shap

15、es in several albums.To increase his collection,Mike sometimes exchanges stamps with his friends.John is one of his friends,who also like to collect stamps.His stamps are pretty and colorful.John and Mike meet once a week.Each time they meet they will show each other their new collection.(1)Mike s h

16、obby is to A.collect stamps B.make friends C.travelling D.keep albums(2)Most of Mike s stamps are fromA.Japan B.France C.China D.Not mentioned(3)Mike has stamps of different shapes.A.five B.four C.three D.two(4)John is Mike s A.father B.neighbor C.classmate D.friend(5)How often do John and Mike meet

17、?A.four times a week B.three times a week C.twice a week D.once a week(三)根据短文内容回答问题。此类题目是阅读理解中相对而言较复杂的题型，它要求我们在理解的基础上进行分 析，并做出合乎情理的解答，且要注意用词和句子结构，要避免语法错误。1.This is RDZ,the working robot.RDZ lives with the Spacy family in Spaceville(太空村).He helps the family with the housework every day.He cleans the

18、house,washes the clothes and dishes.He knows how to cook well.RDZ doesn t eat normal(普通的)food.He eats tins and watches and he drinks oil.Do Mr.and Mrs.Spacy eat these things?Never.RDZ often helps Mr and Mrs Spacy s children with their homework.This year he is teaching them Space language.The childre

19、n are very clever.The Spacy family are holiday on Mars(火星).They will come back home in two days.So RDZ has a wonderful time.He won t clean.He can sit in front of the TV and eat a lot of food.(1)Where does RDZ live with the Spacy family?_(2)What does RDZ eat and drink every day?_(3)Is RDZ teaching Mr

20、.and Mrs.Spacy s children English?_(4)Does RDZ have a wonderful time?_(5)When will Mr.and Mrs.Spacy be back?_主所表达的军民之间的关爱晚辈对长辈的感恩之情都让我对父母对老师对朋友有了新的认识在地震中还坚持留在手术台前的曾令春我们都在不要担忧这轻轻的一句话带给病人的不仅仅是安康还有活下去的信心和勇气连续工作天的电 有为保卫祖国边防三年没有和母亲见面的马文他们隔河相见的场面让我哭了一回又一回在看完为妈妈洗一次脚的文章后我也为妈妈洗了一次脚虽然没有人给我分配这项工作但我知道妈妈为我付出了太多太

21、多每次我学习有了进步都能 这篇文章使我深受教育也给了我许多启迪原来能为妈妈做的事太多太多一个问候一句关心的话倒一杯水盛一碗饭都能表达我对妈妈的爱对妈妈的情我们的强大的我们的民族是团结的我们的社会是和谐的级大地震让我们更加坚强让世2.My name is Wang Lin.There are four people in my family.They are my father,my mother,my little brother and I.my father is a teacher.He likes drawing pictures.He works in a school.He goe

22、s to work by bus.My mother is a nurse.She likes listening to music.She works in a hospital.She goes to work by bus.My brother is a student.Hw likes watching TV.He goes to work on foot.I like playing football.I go to school by bike.(1)Who works in a school?_(2)What does Wang Lin s mother do?_(3)What

23、does Wang Lin like doing?_(4)Is Wang Lin s brother a student?_(5)Does Wang Lin s father go to work by bus?_(五)完形填空。在处理完形填空时，一定要先将文章的大概意思弄懂，然后再考虑用单词的什么形式 来填空。1.One day,Mr.Ampere went out(1)a walk in the street.There(2)a lot of people there.But all this was(3)to him.He was thinking(4)a maths problem.H

24、e had no paper with him.How could he(5)it out?Just then hw saw a blackboard in front of him.He began to write the(6)with a piece of chalk on it.Then the blackboard moved(7).he moved with it.But it moved so(8)that he could not catch up with it.He looked(9)and saw the“blackboard”(10)him.Why?It was the

25、 back of a carriage(马车)!()(1)A.to B.by C.for D.with()(2)A.were B.are C.is D.was()(3)A.nothing B.anything C.something D.everything()(4)A.on B.off C.about D.hard()(5)A.work B.start C,take D.bring()(6)A.word B.start C,take D.bring()(7)A.few B.little C.a few D.a little()(8)A.early B.fast C.slowly D.quie

26、tly()(9)A.down B.up C.in D.out()(10)A.behind B.beside C.above D.before2.Bob thought that he was very clever.He thought that no one could fool(欺骗)him because he(1)too clever.One day he(2)to Dick,the man on watching at the gate:“You(3)fool me.Dick.You(4)too foolish!”“(5)here by this gate.”Answered Dic

27、k,“I(6)a way to fool you.”then he went home.Two hours later another young man(7)along.“Why are you standing here?”he(8)bob.主所表达的军民之间的关爱晚辈对长辈的感恩之情都让我对父母对老师对朋友有了新的认识在地震中还坚持留在手术台前的曾令春我们都在不要担忧这轻轻的一句话带给病人的不仅仅是安康还有活下去的信心和勇气连续工作天的电 有为保卫祖国边防三年没有和母亲见面的马文他们隔河相见的场面让我哭了一回又一回在看完为妈妈洗一次脚的文章后我也为妈妈洗了一次脚虽然没有人给我分配这项工作

28、但我知道妈妈为我付出了太多太多每次我学习有了进步都能 这篇文章使我深受教育也给了我许多启迪原来能为妈妈做的事太多太多一个问候一句关心的话倒一杯水盛一碗饭都能表达我对妈妈的爱对妈妈的情我们的强大的我们的民族是团结的我们的社会是和谐的级大地震让我们更加坚强让世“I(9)for Dick,”answered Bob,“he is going to try fool me.”“Dick(10)home.”said the young man,“He has already fooled you!”()(1)A.is B.was C.will be D.is going to()(2)A.said B.

29、says C.was saying D.is saying()(3)A.don t B.didn t C.can never D.never()(4)A.were B.are C.will be D.was()(5)A.Wait B.Waits C.Waited D.Wait for()(6)A.will find B.found C.find D.founded()(7)A.comes B.came C.had come D.coming()(8)A.asked B.asks C.is asking D.told()(9)A.was waiting B.waited C.am waiting

30、 D.were waiting()(10)A.goes B.has gone C.had gone D.went二、阅读理解 2阅读理解阅读短文,选择正确的答案。In last summer holiday,our family took a trip by plane.We came to the Chinese capital,Beijing.Beijing is a beautiful city.It has many places of historic interest and beauty spots(景点).We visited the Palace Museum.I saw t

31、he Chinese great leader Chairman Maos body He is still worth peoples admiration.Then we visited the Summer Palace,where the scenery is very beautiful.We also went to the Birds Nest,and it is very great.Finally,we went to the Great Wall,really spectacular.I heard that the Great Wall was built to defe

32、nd the invasion,with many peoples blood.The trip is very meaningful.I love Beijing very much.（1）In last _,our family took a trip.A.National holiday B.winter holiday C.summer holiday（2）our family went to Beijing_.A.by air B.by train C.by ship（3）Beijing has many_.A.capitals B.birds nests C.places of h

33、istoric interest and beauty spots（4）We visited_.A.the Summer Palace and the Birds NestB.the Great Wall and the Palace MuseumC.A and B（5）The Beijing trip is very_.A.meaning B.meaningful C.boring【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）C（4）C主所表达的军民之间的关爱晚辈对长辈的感恩之情都让我对父母对老师对朋友有了新的认识在地震中还坚持留在手术台前的曾令春我们都在不要担忧这轻轻的一句话带给病人的不仅仅是安康还有活下

34、去的信心和勇气连续工作天的电 有为保卫祖国边防三年没有和母亲见面的马文他们隔河相见的场面让我哭了一回又一回在看完为妈妈洗一次脚的文章后我也为妈妈洗了一次脚虽然没有人给我分配这项工作但我知道妈妈为我付出了太多太多每次我学习有了进步都能 这篇文章使我深受教育也给了我许多启迪原来能为妈妈做的事太多太多一个问候一句关心的话倒一杯水盛一碗饭都能表达我对妈妈的爱对妈妈的情我们的强大的我们的民族是团结的我们的社会是和谐的级大地震让我们更加坚强让世（5）B【考点】阅读理解【解析】【分析】这是一篇介绍去年暑假到北京旅游的短文。（1）根据短文叙述 In last summer holiday,our family

35、 took a trip by plane.（在去年暑 假，我们一家乘飞机去旅行了。）可知是暑假。C 选项正确。故答案为：C。（2）根据短文叙述我们一家去了北京。根据短文叙述 In last summer holiday,our family took a trip by plane.We came to the Chinese capital,Beijing.（在去年暑假，我们一家乘 飞机去旅行了。我们来到了中国的首都北京。）可知是乘飞机。A 选项正确。故答案为：A。（3）根据短文叙述 It has many places of historic interest and beauty sp

36、ots（它有许多历 史遗迹和旅游景点。）可知 C 选项正确。故答案为：C。（4）根据短文叙述 We visited the Palace Museum.（我们游览了故宫。），Then we visited the Summer Palace（然后我们游览了颐和园。），We also went to the Birds Nest（我们还去了鸟巢。）和 Finally,we went to the Great Wall（最后我们去了长城。）可知 C 选项正确。故答案为：C。（5）根据短文叙述 The trip is very meaningful.（这次旅行非常有意义。）可知 B 选项正 确。故答

37、案为：B。【点评】这是考查阅读理解的题目。仔细阅读短文，然后根据短文的细节叙述来完成题目 各题。3阅读理解阅读短文，判断下列句子正误。One day,the famous American scientist Albert Einstein came across an old friend in the street in New York.Mr.Einstein,said the friend.it seems that you need a new overcoat.This one is worn out!It doesnt matter,answered Einstein.Nobod

38、y knows me here in New York.Seven years passed,and they met in New York again.Einstein had become a world famous physicist by then,but he still wore the same old overcoat.Once more his friend tried to persuade him into getting a new one.There is no need now.said Einstein.Everyone here knows me.（1）Al

39、bert Einstein was a famous American scientist.（2）Einsteins overcoat looked very old.（3）Einstein still wore the same old overcoat when he became world famous.（4）His friend thought Einstein didnt need a new overcoat.（5）This story tells us that Einstein did not pay attention to the superficial(丧面的)thin

40、gs.【答案】（1）1（2）1（3）1（4）0（5）1【考点】阅读理解【解析】【分析】这是讲述爱因斯坦的生活轶事。主所表达的军民之间的关爱晚辈对长辈的感恩之情都让我对父母对老师对朋友有了新的认识在地震中还坚持留在手术台前的曾令春我们都在不要担忧这轻轻的一句话带给病人的不仅仅是安康还有活下去的信心和勇气连续工作天的电 有为保卫祖国边防三年没有和母亲见面的马文他们隔河相见的场面让我哭了一回又一回在看完为妈妈洗一次脚的文章后我也为妈妈洗了一次脚虽然没有人给我分配这项工作但我知道妈妈为我付出了太多太多每次我学习有了进步都能 这篇文章使我深受教育也给了我许多启迪原来能为妈妈做的事太多太多一个问候一句关心

41、的话倒一杯水盛一碗饭都能表达我对妈妈的爱对妈妈的情我们的强大的我们的民族是团结的我们的社会是和谐的级大地震让我们更加坚强让世（1）句意：爱因斯坦是一位伟大的科学家。根据短文叙述 Einstein had become a world famous physicist by then.（到那时爱因斯坦成为了世界著名的物理学家。）可知题目叙述正 确。故答案为：正确。（2）句意：爱因斯坦的外套看起来很旧。根据短文叙述 it seems that you need a new overcoat.This one is worn out!（看起来你需要一件新外套。你的这件太旧了。）可知题目叙 述正确。故

42、答案为：正确。（3）句意：爱因斯坦仍然穿着同一件旧外套，当他世界著名时。根据短文叙述 Einstein had become a world famous physicist by then,but he still wore the same old overcoat.（到那时 爱因斯坦成为了世界著名的物理学家，但是他仍然穿着那件旧外套。）可知题目叙述正 确。故答案为：正确。（4）句意：他的朋友认为爱因斯坦不需要一件新外套。根据短文叙述 it seems that you need a new overcoat.This one is worn out!（看起来你需要一件新外套。你的这件太旧

43、了。）可知题目叙述错误。故答案为：错误。（5）句意：这个故事告诉我们爱因斯坦不注重表面的东西。根据整篇短文，可知爱因斯 坦不注重外套的新旧，他不注重外在的东西。题目叙述正确。故答案为：正确。【点评】这是考查情景交际的题目。仔细阅读短文，根据短文的细节叙述来判断正误。4阅读理解阅读短文，判断下列句子与短文内容是否相符 Bill Gates is the most important man in the software and computer business.He was born on October 28th.1955.He grew up in Seattle in the Unit

44、ed States.His father.William,was a lawyer.His mother,Mary,was.a teacher.Bill Gates became interested in software and began writing programs at the age of 13.In 1973,Bill Gates went to Harvard University.In the same year,he developed a programming language called BASIC for the first personal computer

45、.In 1975,he began his company Microsoft with his friend Paul Allen Microsoft developed a lot of new programs.These programs made computer easier to use.His company has now become the leader in the software industry all over the world.Bill Gates has also become famous all over the world.（1）Bill Gates

46、 is the most important man in the software and computer business.（2）Bill Gates was born on October 28th,1955.（3）Bill Gatess mother was a lawyer.（4）In 1973,Bill Gates went to Harvard University.（5）The programs made the computer easier to use.（6）Bill Gates has also become famous all over the world.【答案

47、】（1）1（2）1（3）0（4）1（5）1（6）1【考点】阅读理解主所表达的军民之间的关爱晚辈对长辈的感恩之情都让我对父母对老师对朋友有了新的认识在地震中还坚持留在手术台前的曾令春我们都在不要担忧这轻轻的一句话带给病人的不仅仅是安康还有活下去的信心和勇气连续工作天的电 有为保卫祖国边防三年没有和母亲见面的马文他们隔河相见的场面让我哭了一回又一回在看完为妈妈洗一次脚的文章后我也为妈妈洗了一次脚虽然没有人给我分配这项工作但我知道妈妈为我付出了太多太多每次我学习有了进步都能 这篇文章使我深受教育也给了我许多启迪原来能为妈妈做的事太多太多一个问候一句关心的话倒一杯水盛一碗饭都能表达我对妈妈的爱对妈妈的

48、情我们的强大的我们的民族是团结的我们的社会是和谐的级大地震让我们更加坚强让世【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了比尔盖茨。（1）句意：比尔盖茨是软件和计算机行业最重要的人。根据 Bill Gates is the most important man in the software and computer business.可知比尔盖茨是软件和计算机行业最 重要的人，故答案为正确。（2）句意：比尔 盖茨 1955 年 10 月 28 日出生。根据 He was born on October 28th.1955.可知比尔 盖茨 1955 年 10 月 28 日出生，故答案为正确。（3）句意：比尔

49、 盖茨的母亲是一名律师。根据 His mother,Mary,was.a teacher.可知比尔 盖茨的母亲玛丽是一名教师，故答案为错误。（4）句意：1973 年，比尔 盖茨去了哈佛大学。根据 In 1973,Bill Gates went to Harvard University.可知 1973 年，比尔 盖茨去了哈佛大学，故答案为正确。（5）句意：程序使计算机更容易使用。根据 These programs made computer easier to use.可知程序使计算机更容易使用，故答案为正确。（6）句意：比尔 盖茨也在世界各地声名鹊起。根据 Bill Gates has al

50、so become famous all over the world.可知比尔 盖茨也在世界各地声名鹊起，故答案为正确。【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。5阅读理解阅读理解Ted is a student.He is my best friend.He is busy at the weekend.He is going to wash his clothes this Saturday morning.He is going to the bookstore this Saturday afternoon.He is going to the g