六年级小学英语阅读理解的做题技巧+专项训练练习题(含答案解析)_中学教育-中考.pdf
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1、六年级小学英语阅读理解的做题技巧(一)、阅读理解一般分为故事幽默类、说明、科普类等。1 故事幽默类一般前面都在为幽默做铺垫,只有读到最后才能显现出幽默之出来。这类短文一般难度不大,认真阅读,仔细选择,问题都可以解决,如 Write a Letter to Mary,A Dirty Boy,On the Bus 等 2 小学的说明,科普类短文都十分浅显,只要具备一点科普常识都会读懂的,如,Time,the Spring Festival.等,即使文章较长,问题也十分明显,从文中都能找到答案.同学可动手做做下题:根据短文内容选择答案.1.Sam is very good at school,but
2、 he is not clean.His face and hands are often dirty.He washes them with water only.He does not use soap(肥皂).Sam has an uncle.One day his uncle goes to see him.He looks at him and says,“Sam,I knowwhat you ate for breakfast this morning.”“What?”Sam looks at his uncle and says.“Eggs”says his uncle,“You
3、r face and mouth tell me that.”“You are wrong,uncle!”says Sam,“Not today or yesterday,but the day before yesterday(前天)!”()(1).Who is Sam?A.He is English.B.He is a student.C He is a young pioneer.D He is a teacher.()(2)What s the Chinese for“dirty”?A.It s“脏的“.B It s“干净的”C It s“坏的“D It s“好的”()(3)What
4、s on Sam s face and mouth?A Eggs.B Soap C Water D Bread()(4)Which of these is not wrong?A Sam doesn t wash his face and hands every day.B.The uncle thinks the boy ate eggs last morning.C Sam doesn t like eggs at all.D.Sam doesn t know his uncle.2.Hen(母鸡):There is some rice here.Eat it like this,my c
5、hildren.Chickens:Like this,Mother?Hen:Yes,that s right,good.Eagle(鹰):There are some chickens here.I want to eat them.Hen:Don t worry,my children.Let me do with it.Eagle:Can you let me eat some chickens,Mrs.Hen?Hen:No,you can t.There is a hunter(猎人)near here.Eagle:I must go now.Hen:Let s go home,my c
6、hildren.Chickens:All right.()(1)The chicken likes to eat the _.A hen B rice C chicken D his children()(2)The hen _look after her children.A can B can t C is D isn()(3)_saves the chickens.A The hunter.B The hen C The eagle D A man()(4)The eagle can t eat_ at last.A the chickens B go.C the hunter D th
7、e hen(二)、解题时有以下几种方法:(1)略读法:关键是在能抓住文章要点的前提下以个人最快的速度阅读,获得足够的信息以便准确地回答有关文章主旨和大意的问题。要特别注意文章首尾两段,第一段往往点明文章主题或作者意图,而最后一段则常常总结归纳或重述文章的主要内容。要学会寻找文章段落的主题句,因为把每段主题句的意思综合起来实际上就是全文的中心思想,文章的主题句也可能出现在段落中间或结尾。(2)查阅法:考生可以不需要阅读整篇文章,而只需找出可能包含所需信息的部分,然后加以阅读就行。查阅法主要用于获得具体的信息,即谁、什么、什么时间、什么地点、什么原因以及如何发生等有关或者具体的数字。(3)同义互释
8、法:在小学升学考试中有些深层理解或者判断推理的问题可以采用同义互释法。(4)判断推理法:有时 4 个题项中不止一个可以作为答案项,这时就应该意识到该题是一个判断推理题。要根据文章的主旨和作者的意图,选择比较,去伪存真,选出切合文章主旨和作者意图的最佳答案。(三)、同学们在做阅读理解时应注意的问题有哪些?、弄清文章体裁,快速理解文章。对不同体裁的文章,要根据其体裁特点,运用不同的方法快速阅读,正确理解。记叙文一开始交待人物、时间、地点、事件,然后详细叙述原因。议论文中,作者先提论点,再加以分析,或举例论证,得出结论。说明文中,作者先提出说明对象,然后从时间、空间、用途、方法、步骤等不同侧面加以说
9、明。、仔细研读首尾句,预测文中细节。小学升学考试英语文章往往隐去了标题,这给抓文章中心带来了困难。然而,英语的写作特点一般是按 总-分-总 这一思路来写的。因此,研读首、尾句,不但可以帮助考生抓住文章的内容,还可以揣测作者的态度、意图,从而进一步猜出作者着重要写的细节。、略读选答,带问阅读。做英语阅读理解题时,首先应浏览一遍所提问题及选项,然后带着这些问题有目的、有针对性地阅读文章。、联系生活常识,及早排除错误选项。阅读理解中四个选项,有时有一个或两个与常识或其他学科中所学的知识不相符。我们可先将其排队在阅读中对所剩下的选项进行筛选就容易多了。5、解题前要仔细通读全文,遇到难解的词组和句子不要
10、急躁,尽量根据上下文悟出其义,解题时要 带着问题读查短文 分析判断,整题解完后要认真复查。6、注意不要改变自己的阅读习惯。有的考生先看题目后看文章,有的先看文章再看题目,你平时怎么练,考试就怎么做。临时改变自己的习惯效果往往不好。其次,看清楚题目是概括中心型还是推理判断性。概括某一段的中心时注意这一段的首句和尾句;推理判断题要注意题目问的是作者的态度,不是你的态度。二、阅读理解默做铺垫只有读到最后才能显现出幽默之出来这类短文一般难度不大认真阅读仔细选择问题都可以解决如等小学的说明科普类短文都十分浅显只要具备一点科普常识都会读懂的如等即使文章较长问题也十分明显从文中都能找到答案 读法关键是在能抓
11、住文章要点的前提下以个人最快的速度阅读获得足够的信息以便准确地回答有关文章主旨和大意的问题要特别注意文章首尾两段第一段往往点明文章主题或作者意图而最后一段则常常总结归纳或重述文章的主要内 能出现在段落中间或结尾查阅法考生可以不需要阅读整篇文章而只需找出可能包含所需信息的部分后加以阅读就行查阅法主要用于获得具体的信息即谁什么什么时间什么地点什么原因以及如何发生等有关或者具体的数字同义互释法2阅读理解阅读短文判断正误。Yesterday was Saturday.Liu Yun was very busy.In the morning she helped her mother clean the
12、 room and wash the clothes.After lunch she did her homework.At 4 oclock she went out and played games with her friends.In the evening she felt very tired but happy and she went to bed at 9 oclock.(1)Yesterday morning Liu Yun played games with her friends.(2)After lunch Liu Yun helped her mother clea
13、n the room.(3)Liu Yun was busy but happy yesterday.(4)Liu Yun went to bed at nine last night.(5)Liu Yun didnt do her homework yesterday.【答案】(1)0(2)0(3)1(4)1(5)0【考点】阅读理解【解析】【分析】大意:短文讲述了星期六刘云做了许多事情。(1)句意:昨天上午刘云和朋友们一起玩游戏。根据 In the morning she helped her mother clean the room and wash the clothes.可知早上刘云
14、帮妈妈打扫房间和洗衣服,故答案为错误。(2)句意:午饭后,刘云帮妈妈打扫房间。根据 After lunch she did her homework.可知午饭后刘云做了家庭作业,故答案为错误。(3)句意:刘云昨天很忙,但很开心。根据 Yesterday was Saturday.Liu Yun was very busy.In the evening she felt very tired but happy and she went to bed at 9 oclock.可知云昨天很忙,但很开心,故答案为正确。(4)句意:刘云昨晚 9 点睡觉。根据 In the evening she fe
15、lt very tired but happy and she went to bed at 9 oclock.可知刘云昨晚 9 点睡觉,故答案为正确。(5)句意:刘云昨天没有做作业。根据 After lunch she did her homework.可知刘云昨天做作业了,故答案为错误。【点评】本题考查了阅读理解,先翻译短文,然后根据短文内容,判断句子是否正确。3阅读理解阅读短文,选择正确的选项。The students in Grade Six are going to face(面临)the biggest exam(考试).They study very hard.Every day
16、 they do a lot of exercises of Chinese,maths and English.Li Jun is a student in Class Two.He is good at English and maths.But his Chinese is not so good.So he has to do some reading after the homework.Li Yan is Li Juns cousin.She is in Class Three.She likes singing and dancing.Shes going to be a sin
17、ger in the future.Every day,when she finishes her homework,she has to sing and dance for an hour.默做铺垫只有读到最后才能显现出幽默之出来这类短文一般难度不大认真阅读仔细选择问题都可以解决如等小学的说明科普类短文都十分浅显只要具备一点科普常识都会读懂的如等即使文章较长问题也十分明显从文中都能找到答案 读法关键是在能抓住文章要点的前提下以个人最快的速度阅读获得足够的信息以便准确地回答有关文章主旨和大意的问题要特别注意文章首尾两段第一段往往点明文章主题或作者意图而最后一段则常常总结归纳或重述文章的主要内
18、 能出现在段落中间或结尾查阅法考生可以不需要阅读整篇文章而只需找出可能包含所需信息的部分后加以阅读就行查阅法主要用于获得具体的信息即谁什么什么时间什么地点什么原因以及如何发生等有关或者具体的数字同义互释法(1)Li Jun is good at.A.Chinese B.science C.English and maths(2)Li Jun after the homework.A.learns English B.does some reading C.draws pictures(3)Li Yan is Li Juns.A.pen pal B.classmate C.cousin(4)Li
19、 Yan likes.A.painting B.playing badminton C.singing and dancing(5)The students in Grade Six will face.A.a big farewell party B.the biggest school trip C.the biggest exam【答案】(1)C(2)B(3)C(4)C(5)C【考点】阅读理解【解析】【分析】大意:短文讲述了六年级的学生李军和李燕。(1)根据 Li Jun is a student in Class Two.He is good at English and maths.
20、可知李军擅长英语 和数学,故答案为 C.(2)根据 So he has to do some reading after the homework.可知李军在做完作业后做些阅 读,故答案为 B.(3)根据 Li Yan is Li Juns cousin.可知李燕是李军的表妹,故答案为 C.(4)根据 She likes singing and dancing.可知李燕喜欢唱歌和跳舞,故答案为 C.(5)根据 The students in Grade Six are going to face the biggest exam.可知六年级的学生将面 临最大的考试,故答案为 C.【点评】本题考
21、查了阅读理解,首先通读短文,理解大意;其次阅读题干,根据题干信息 找出相关句进行选择。4阅读理解阅读短文,判断下列句子的对错。One day a crow found a piece of meat.She picked it up in her mouth and flew to a tall tree.She was just going to eat the meat when a fox saw her.He came and stood under the tree and said,How pretty you are!My dear friend,you must be the
22、most beautiful bird in the world.The crow was very happy by these words.Then the fox said,I can you see your pretty face,but 默做铺垫只有读到最后才能显现出幽默之出来这类短文一般难度不大认真阅读仔细选择问题都可以解决如等小学的说明科普类短文都十分浅显只要具备一点科普常识都会读懂的如等即使文章较长问题也十分明显从文中都能找到答案 读法关键是在能抓住文章要点的前提下以个人最快的速度阅读获得足够的信息以便准确地回答有关文章主旨和大意的问题要特别注意文章首尾两段第一段往往点明文章
23、主题或作者意图而最后一段则常常总结归纳或重述文章的主要内 能出现在段落中间或结尾查阅法考生可以不需要阅读整篇文章而只需找出可能包含所需信息的部分后加以阅读就行查阅法主要用于获得具体的信息即谁什么什么时间什么地点什么原因以及如何发生等有关或者具体的数字同义互释法I have not heard your voice.Why dont you sing a song?The crow opened her mouth and began to sing.As she opened her mouth,she lost her meat.The fox picked up the meat at o
24、nce and went away with it.The crow was very angy.(1)The crow found a piece of meat.(2)Before the crow ate the meat,she met a fox.(3)The fox asked the crow to dance.(4)The crow was very clever.(5)The crow was pretty.【答案】(1)1(2)1(3)0(4)0(5)0【考点】阅读理解【解析】【分析】这是狐狸和乌鸦的寓言故事。(1)句意:乌鸦发现了一块儿肉。根据短文叙述 One day a
25、 crow found a piece of meat.(一天,乌鸦发现了一块儿肉。)可知题目叙述正确。故答案为:正确。(2)句意:在乌鸦吃肉之前,它遇到了狐狸。根据短文叙述 She was just going to eat the meat when a fox saw her.(当一只狐狸看到它时,它刚要吃肉。)可知题目叙述正确。故答案为:正确。(3)句意:狐狸要求乌鸦跳舞。根据短文叙述 Why dont you sing a song?(你为什么不唱歌呢?)可知是唱歌。题目叙述错误。故答案为:错误。(4)句意:乌鸦很聪明。根据短文叙述 As she opened her mouth,s
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