2022-2023学年四川省成都市郫都区高二上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）.docx

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1、郸都区2022-2023学年度上期期中考试高二英语（时间：120分钟满分：150分）注意事项：1 .答题前，务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卷规定的位置上。2 .选择题使用2B铅笔读涂在答题卡上对应题目标号的位置上，如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后 再填涂其它答案;非选排题用0.5毫米黑色签字笔在答题卡的对应区城内作答，超出答题区域 答题的答案无效;在草稿纸上、试卷上答题无效。第I卷选择题（共100分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题;每小题L5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置，听完每段

2、对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一 小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. How to lose weight.B. How to keep a healthy diet.C. How to take exercise.2. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. At home. B. In an office. C. In a restaurant.3. How does the man feel about the speec

3、h?A. Confused. B. Bored. C. Encouraged.4. Who is the man probably talking to?A. A shop assistant. B. A tailor. C. A designer.5. When will the man probably meet Dr. Banks?A. A（ 8:20. B. At 8:50. C. Al 9:20.第二节（共15小题;每小题15分,满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中 选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题

4、，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各 小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。seaweed, which effectively absorbs sounds in this range.Controlling and optimizing the way sound moves throughout a room is the key to creating functional spaces.Foam sound-absorbing panels are a common solution, and (hey come in a variety of materials and (hic

5、knesses tailored to specific sound requirements. Most of these foams, however, are made from a type of plastic material and other chemical substances that are obtained from natural oil or petrol. To avoid petrochemicals, researchers have explored more renewable sources and biodegradable sound-absorb

6、ing alternatives. But many current options are made from plant fibers that dont effectively decrease noises in the most useful range of sound frequencies, or they are too thick or difficult to produce. So, Chindams team wanted to develop a biodegradable material from a plant, which would be simple t

7、o produce and could absorb a range of sounds.The team created films of agar (琼脂),a material that comes from seaweed, along with other additives developed from plants and varied the thickness of the films. After running the materials through a battery of tests, the researchers measured how well the f

8、ilms reduced sound across a range of frequencies. To do this, the team created a sound tube in which a speaker is placed at one end, and the test film is fitted over the other end. Microphones in the middle of the tube measured the amount of sound sent by the speaker and the amount of sound reflecte

9、d off the film. These experiments showed that the films with many small holes made with the highest concentrations of agar had the greatest sound-absorbing qualities and performed similarly to traditional sound-absorbing foams. The researchers plan to explore ways to change the agar films to give th

10、em other desirable properties, such as flame resistance, and will explore other biologically obtained film materials.12. What is the disadvantage of plastic foams?A. They take up, too much space.B. They cannot absorb sounds effectively.C. They cannot meet specific sound requirements.D. They have dif

11、ficulty achieving sustainable use.13. What kind of sound-absorbing material would Chindams team develop?A. One obtained easily and effectively.C. One developed from petrochemicals.14. What is the last paragraph mainly about?A. The purpose of film research.C. A tool of measuring the film thickness.15

12、. What can be the best title for the text?B. One produced toughly and tiredly.D. One made from plant fibers.B. A series of tests on the new material.D. The difficulty of searching the new material.A. An Eco-friendly Sound-absorbing Material from SeaweedB. Plastic Foams: the Worst Choice of Absorbing

13、 SoundsC. A Tube fbr Measuring the Amount of Underwater SoundsD. Seaweed: a Better Sound-absorbing Underwater Plant【答案】12.D13. A 14. B 15. A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。现在，研究人员在ACS可持续化学与工程杂志上报告称，他们从海藻中提 取了种可生物降解的薄膜，可以有效地吸收这一范围内的声音。文章介绍了泡沫塑料的缺点以及这种环 保吸音材料的开发过程。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“But most of the sound-absorbing m

14、aterials that can cancel out human voices, traffic noise and music are made from plastic foams （泡沫）that arent easily recycled or degraded.（但大多数能消除人声、 交通噪音和音乐的吸音材料都是由不易回收或降解的泡沫塑料制成的）”可知，泡沫塑料的缺点是它们难以 实现可持续利用。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中 “ So, Chindams team wanted to develop a biodegradable material from a

15、plant, which would be simple to produce and could absorb a range of sounds.（所以，Chindam 的团队想要从植物中开发出一 种可生物降解的材料，这种材料生产简单，可以吸收一系列的声音）”可知，Chindam的团队会开发很容易 就能得到的吸音材料。故选A。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后段“Theleam created films of agar （琼脂）,a material that comes from seaweed, along with other additives developed from pl

16、ants and varied the thickness of the films. After running the materials through a battery of tests, the researchers measured how well the films reduced sound across a range of frequencies. To do this, the team created a sound tube in which a speaker is placed at one end, and the test film is fitted

17、over the other end. Microphones in the middle of the tube measured the amount of sound sent by the speaker and the amount of sound reflected off （he film. These experiments showed （hat the films with many small holes made with （he highest concentrations of agar had the greatest sound-absorbing quali

18、ties and performed similarly to traditional sound-absorbing foams. The researchers plan to explore ways to change the agar films to give them other desirable properties, such as flame resistance, and will explore other biologically obtained film materials.（该团队制作 了琼脂 薄膜，琼脂是一种来自海藻的材料，还有从植物中提取的其他添加剂，可以

19、改变薄膜的厚度。在对材料进 行了一系列测试后，研究人员测量了薄膜在一定频率范围内降低声音的效果。为此，研窕小组制作了一种 声管，其中一端放置扬声器，另一端安装测试胶片。管子中间的麦克风测量扬声器发出的声音量和从薄膜 反射的声音量。这些实验表明，用最高浓度的琼脂制成的带有许多小孔的薄膜具有最好的吸音质量，其性 能与传统的吸音泡沫相似。研究人员计划探索改变琼脂膜的方法，使其具有其他理想的性能，如阻燃性， 并将探索其他生物获得的膜材料）”可知，最后一段主要讲的是对新材料的一系列测试。故选B.【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“ Now, researchers reporting in ACS

20、Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering have created a biodegradable film （薄膜）obtained from seaweed, which effectively absorbs sounds in this range.（现在，研究人 员在ACS可持续化学与工程杂志上报告称，他们从海藻中提取了 种可生物降解的薄膜，可以有效地 吸收这一范围内的声音）”结合文章介绍了泡沫塑料的缺点以及这种环保吸音材料的开发过程。可知，A选 项“一种来自海藻的环保吸音材料”最符合文章标题。故选A。第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内

21、容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Its regularly claimed that youll be more productive if you get up early. Very early. According to a 2016 WallStreet Journal article, the most successful and therefore productive people typically rise at 4 a. m. 16 For instance, if youre awake while everyone else i

22、s still asleep, they wont distract you, so youll be more productive.However, the science tells a very different story. 17 An important one steins from our own biology. Sleep is crucial for our ability to function, and depriving yourself of it does more harm than good.18 Less than that quickly has ne

23、gative health effects, compromising mood, memory, stress tolerance, and more. Forcing yourself to wake at 4 a. m means youre losing sleep, and will be less productive as a result.Some people seem able to get away with it, being natural “early risers. 19 A study by the National Sleep Foundation state

24、d that “Individuals who habitually sleep outside the normal range may be exhibiting symptoms of serious health problems or even may be compromising their health and well- being”. Another study claims sleeping far fewer hours than average is more likely to be sclf-cnforccd than anything natural. 20Th

25、ere may be some productive advantages to waking up in the early hours. However, these can easily be canceled out by the consequences of lost sleep.A. Theres some logic to it.B. However, they did make it.C. However, the admiration for them may be misplaced.D. And it will put people in a significant s

26、leep debt, harming health.E. A typically healthy amount of sleep for adults is around 7 to 9 hours.F. Therefore, there is a great possibility that people will be natural early risers.G. There are many reasons why waking up at 4 am could be actively unproductive.【答案】16. A 17. G 18. E 19. C 20. D【解析】【

27、导语】本文是说明文。文章利用早起工作效率会更高的话题引入，表明作者的观点实际上，睡眠时 间远远少于平均水平会对人们的身体健康造成很多的伤害。【16题详解】根据上文Its regularly claimed that youll be more productive if you get up early. Very early. According to a 2016 Wall Street Journal article, the most successful and therefore productive people typically rise at 4 a. m. ”（人们经常

28、声称，如果你起得非常早的话，你的工作效率会更高。根据2016年华尔街口报的一篇文章，最成功， 因此最有生产力的人通常在凌晨4点起床。）和下文“For instance, if youre awake while everyone else is still asleep, they won,t distract you, so you11 be more productive.”（例如,如果你醒着的时候其他人都还在睡觉,他 们不会分散你的注意力，所以你会更有效率。）可知，上文提到早起工作效率会更高，下文举例说明这样说 是正确的，所以中间需要过渡句连贯上下文。选项A “这是有逻辑的。”和上下文意

29、思连贯。故选A。【17题详解】根据上文uHowever, the science tells a very different story.（然而，科学告诉我们一个非常不同的事情。）可 知，接下来作者要陈述的是和第一段提到的早起工作效率会更高这一理论不一样的观点。选项G“有很多 原因可以解释为什么早晨4点起床会非常低效和上文意思一致。故选G。【18题详解】根据下文 u Less than that quickly has negative health effects, compromising mood, memory, stress tolerance, and more. Forcing

30、 yourself to wake at 4 a. m means youre losing sleep, and will be less productive as a result.w（低于 这个数字很快就会对健康产生负面影响，影响情绪、记忆力、压力承受能力等等。强迫自己凌晨4点起床 意味着你正在失去睡眠，并且会因此而降低工作效率。）可知，这里提到了 “这个数字”，所以上文要提到“这 个数字”是什么。选项E ”对成年人来说，一个典型的健康睡眠时间大约是7到9小时J和下文意思一致。 故选E。【19题详解】根据下文A study by the National Sleep Foundatio

31、n stated that Individuals who habitually sleep outside the normal range may be exhibiting symptoms of serious health problems or even may be compromising （heir health and well- being”.”（美国国家睡眠基金会的项研究表明，“习惯性睡眠超出正常范围的人可能表现出严重健康问题的 症状，甚至可能损害他们的健康和幸福）可知，上文要提到这些习惯性睡眠超出正常范围的人的做法是 不对的。选项C “然而，对他们的钦佩可能是错误的和

32、下文意思一致。故选C。【20题详解】根据上文 u Another study claims sleeping far fewer hours than average is more likely to be sclf-cnfbrccd than anything natural.（另一项研究表明，睡眠时间远远少于平均水平比任何自然事物更有可能是自我强制的。） 可知，这里提到睡眠时间远远少于平均水平的坏处。选项D ”而且这会使人们陷入严重的睡眠负担，损害 健康J和上文意思一致。故选De第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节（共20题;每小题1.5分,满分30分） 阅读下面短文，从短

33、文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项。I had not hugged a friend or a family member for more than two years until recently when my sister-in-law flew in fbr a brief visit. For everyones safety, we met outside. In spite of the wintry weather, her hug 21 me from the inside out. Its strange, but only now

34、do I truly realize how much Ive 22 embracing loved ones-the warmth that remains long after our arms have untwined（松开）.Growing up （hrough war in my hometown of Sarajevo, Bosnia, every moment was full of 23. On onepeaceful morning, I had begged my mom to let me go outside. She finally 24. I was outsid

35、e for only 10minutes when I was caught in an explosion. I ran to my neighbors house fbr 25 before my legs collapsed. She hugged me with both amis and 26 me into her house. I was still in her amis when the ambulance arrived. Thankfully, I made a full physical 27. but the emotional scars never left me

36、. Years later there was another28 near my house. I was safe, but my father had left to buy a loaf of bread. He had only just 29 1he explosion. When he came back, I gave him the biggest hug 30 I was caked in tears as I held him31. That same night my parents 32 to arrange my escape from our war-lorn c

37、ity. They desperatelywanted at least some of my childhood to be 33.1 was 16 and came to America on my own. A 34host family took me in and I began learning English and going to school. They had a large dog called Oscar. Over the next several months, I secretly struggled with feeling 35 and worried ab

38、out my family back home. Despite getting on quite well at school, I couldnt 36 my feelings. The only way I shared how I felt was by giving Oscar a big hug.Perhaps we have undervalued the 37 of a simple hug. As I look back on my past, I 38 myself truly lucky to have been held, 39 and encouraged at so

39、me of the most key moments of my life by the almost oiherworldly（超世彳谷的）power of a hug. I pray that in the not-so-distant future we can safely 40 one another again-a friend, relative, or even a stranger.21. A. warmedB.savedC. confusedD. inspired22. A. resistedB. avoidedC. missedD. suggested23. A. str

40、essB. wonderC. curiosityD. danger24. A. refusedB. agreedC. repliedD. laughed25. A. safetyB. solutionC. informationD. advice26 A. droveB. draggedC. pushedD. showed27. A. appearanceB. examinationC. recoveryD. education28. A. meetingB. explorationC. accidentD. explosion29. A. adjustedB. escapedC. remem

41、beredD. encountered30. A. desirableB. reliableC. imaginableD. acceptable31. A. tightlyB. rarelyC. awkwardlyD. gratefully32. A. forgotB. demandedC. pretendedD. managed33. A. colorfulB. normalC. depressingD. enjoyable34. A. modestB. generousC. meanD. stubborn35. A. delightedB. ashamedC. annoyedD. home

42、sick36. A. expressB.adaptC. believeD. adjust37. A. habitB. harmC. powerD.chance38. A. countB. comfortC. receiveD. advise39. A. discoveredB.abandonedC. declinedD. protected40. A. ignoreB. reviewC. holdD. admit【答案】21.A22. C23. D 24. B25. A 26. B 27. C28. D 29. B 30. C 31.A 32. D 33. B34. B 35. D36. A

43、37. C 38. A39. D 40. C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从小一直在战争中长大，处于危险的生活环境中，但是别人的 拥抱带给作者很大鼓励和保护，作者认为拥抱是几乎超世俗的，并期望再次拥抱他人。21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管天气寒冷，她的拥抱还是让我由内而外感到温暖。A. warmed使温暖；B. saved 拯救:C. confused 使困惑;D. inspired 鼓舞。由Despite the wintry weather”可知天气很冷;由后文“the warmth that remains long after our arms have unt

44、wined.v可知松开双方的手之后温暖仍然保持很久，故推知此句表达 的是她的拥抱让我由内而外感到温暖。故选A项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这很奇怪，但是直到现在我才真正意识到我有多么怀念拥抱所爱的人在我 们的手臂解开之后很久仍然保持的温暖。A. resisted抵抗；B. avoided避免；C. missed怀念；D. suggested暗 示。由本句“but only now do Itruly realize how much Ive 2embracing loved ones the warmththat remains long aftr our arms have un

45、twined （松开）”可知作者在与所爱之人手臂分开之后还觉得温暖保持很 久，常识来说，在那么冷的天气里放开手臂，拥抱所带来的温暖不会保持很久的，除非作者心里怀念所爱 之人的拥抱，所以觉得温暖犹存。故选C项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在我的家乡波斯尼亚的萨拉热窝的战争中长大，每时每刻都充满了危险。A. stress 压力；B. wonder 奇观：C. curiosity 好奇心;D. danger 危险。根据前文 “Growing up through war in my hometown of Sarajevo, Bosnia可知作者是在家乡长期存在的战争中长大的，战争环境下

46、必然时刻存在危险。 故选D项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:她最终同意了。A. refused拒绝；B. agreed同意;C. replied回复；D.laughed大 笑。由上句On one peaceful morning, I had begged my mom to let me go outside.n可知作者在求妈妈让其外 出；下句1 was outside for only lOminutes when I was caught in an explosion.M可知作者在外面只待 10 分 钟就遭遇了爆炸，可知作者最终还是出去了，即作者在求妈妈让其外出的时候，妈妈最终

47、同意了。故选B 项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了安全起见，我跑到邻居家，在我的腿垮掉之前。A. safety安全；B. solution 解决方法；C. information 信息；D. advice 建议。由上句 “I was outside for only 10 minutes when I was caught in an explosion.”可知作者才出去10分钟就遭遇爆炸，说明外面实在太危险了，推知作者是为了安全起见才跑 去邻居家的。故选A项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她用双臂拥抱了我，把我拖进了她家。A. drove赶；B. dragged拖；拽：C

48、. pushed 推；D. showed显示。由上文句“She hugged me with both arms”和下文“into her house”可知邻居看至ij作者 时立马抱起作者，并把他拖进了她家。故选B项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸亏，我的身体完全康复了，但是情感上的创伤从来没有离开过我。A. appearance 出现；B. examination 检查：C. recovery 康复；D. education 教育。由：句 “I was still in her arms when the ambulance arrived可知在救护车来之前作者都在邻居怀里，说明作者受伤了；本句中“Thankfully”可知作 者感到庆幸，故推知作者应该是康复了。故选C项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：几年后，我家附近又发生了一次爆炸。A. meeting会议；B. exploration勘探； C. accident 事故；