2022-2023学年江苏省南京中山中学高一下学期入学测试英语试题.docx

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1、高一下期入学测试英语试题第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AAn earthquake is one of the most common natural disasters. It may cause great damage. So it is wise to leam some simple safety tips to protect yourself or your family members.Fragile items like those made of g

2、lass are easily broken and should usually be placed on a lower surface, near the ground instead of on the cupboards higher up. Never place them near your bed, sofas and other furniture where you would be sitting or lying down. When there is a strong movement, these pieces will fall on （he floor dire

3、ctly and not on you.There is a strong chance of shoit circuits （短路）and fire during an earthquake. Make sure you turn off electrical connections and gas immediately when an earthquake happens.During an earthquake, lie beneath an object that is not easily damaged. Do not go near objects that could dir

4、ectly fall on you. Never use the elevator to go down. Stay inside until the shaking stops and it is safe to go outside. Research has shown that most injuries happen when people inside buildings try to go out. Use the staircases at all times.If you arc outdoors, do not （akc shelter under a tree, stre

5、etlights, electric poles or （all buildings. If you are driving, stop your car and stay in a safe place. Do not park your car under a tree or any tall object.If trapped in debris （瓦砾堆），cover your mouth with a handkerchief or clothing. Tap on a pipe or the wall so that rescuers can find you. Use a whi

6、stle （哨子）if one is available.Never shout fbr help. Shouting can cause you to breathe in dangerous amounts of dust. Do not light a match because you may burn yourself. Do not move about or kick up dust.1. The purpose of the passage is to tell readers.A. （he damage caused by earthquakesB. the rescue w

7、ork after earthquakesC. how to prevent earthquakesD. what to do about earthquakes2. The underlined word Fragile in Paragraph 2 probably means A. Easily foundB. Easily brokenC. ExpensiveD. Heavy3. During the earthquake, people are advised to.A. go out of the building a（ onceB. drive to a safe place q

8、uicklyC. lake shelter under a treeD. turn off electricity and gas immediatelyBIf you enjoy reading, the world in books will become a place which is not to be experienced in watching television only for entertainment. Studies have shown how those who read for pleasure achieve more in literacy （读写能 Jj

9、） and thinking abilities than those who dont. Actually, （here is nothing else that will expand your language skills and make your imagination fly.To begin with, language skills can be better learned through reading for pleasure than through watching TV for entertainment. At its best, television can

10、be educational as well as entertaining, but nobody wishes to improve his literacy by simply sitting in front of a TV box. Therefore, only by reading can you enlarge your vocabulary. However, it must be made clear that the relation between literacy and reading is like comparing health to sport. One i

11、s something practical and the other is something you do because you enjoy it.The books that help you most in imagination are those that make you think most. In this point, reading for pleasure, both paper-based and on-screen, is far more helpful than watching TV. For example, there is always a book

12、which is opened with expectation and closed with profit: imagination. Unluckily, some peoples love of books is lost influenced by television, which is considered as a decline in thinking abilities.On the whole, watching TV is largely harmless as an entertainment and information tool, but there is no

13、 better way to improve your language skills and imagination than reading for pleasure. For those who would continue to enjoy reading, there is a paradise （天堂）not yet being lost. Having got an amount of language skills through wide reading, you might as well imagine that such a paradise would not be

14、very unlike a kind of library.4. What does the writer mainly talk about in Paragraph 1?A. The advantage of reading books.B. The way of improving language skills.C. The pleasure in watching TV.D. The advantage of our imagination.5. What does the writer say about reading in the text?A. People can get

15、the latest information through it.B. It offers more pleasure than watching TV.C. It plays a bigger role in kids growth than watching TV.D. More language skills will be gained as people read more.6. Which word can replace the underlined word decline in Paragraph 3?A. Development.B. Decrease.C. Destro

16、y.D. Improvement.7. What docs the writer think of watching TV?A. Its a waste of time and energy.B. Its a paradise for those who like watching TV.C. Its helpful in some aspects.D. Its done only for entertainment.CBelgium is divided into three communities. Each one has its own language and traditions.

17、 But the people of Belgium are untied in their love for Belgian potato fries. The fries are prepared and sold the same way in all areas of the country.The Reuters news service reports that potatoes reached Belgium in the 16th century. But it was not until (he 19(h century that restaurants and others

18、 began selling fried potatoes throughout the couniry as a separate meal.Recently, a Belgian group launched a campaign aimed at getting the United Nations (UN) to recognize the popular treat. The group wants the UNs Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization to place the food on its cultural h

19、eritage(遗产)list.The UNESCO list recognizes more than 300 objects* beliefs and practices. They include Turkish coflee and the traditional Chinese theater known as Peking opera. The list also includes a dance, the Argentinian tango, and the singing of the Aka pygmies of (he Central African Republic. U

20、NESCO says the list is made up of intangible heritage elements(非物质文化遗产元素)that help show the diversity of heritage and raise awareness about its importance.Belgian potato fries arc traditionally sold in a paper wrapper, or cone, in a fritkot There arc about 5,000 fritkots in Belgium. That means they

21、arc 10 times more common as a percentage of the population as McDonalds restaurants in the United States. The national organization of fritkot owners say the small, often unfurnished buildings are much like Belgium itself. It says these buildings combine the counlrys acceptance of disorder with a di

22、slike of structures (hat all look the same. The group says 95 percent of Belgians visit a fried potato hut at least once a year.8. Belgian potato fries.A. were recognized by the UNESCOB. arc well received in BelgiumC. are sold in all food storesD. didnt become a separate meal until the 16th century9

23、. Whats (he aim of the Belgian group?A. To place Belgian potato fries on the cultural heritage list.B. To prevent other countries producing Belgian potato fries.C. To show the diversity of Belgian foods.D. To prove (he popularity of Belgian foods.10. Which of the following is NOT listed in the UNESC

24、O list?A. Peking opera.B. The Argentinian tango.C. Turkish coffee.D. American restaurants.11. What does the underlined word fritkot in the last paragraph probably refer to?A. A simple house which is used to live in.B. A kind of small, unfurnished building.C. A place where machines are used to make g

25、oods.D. A piece of paper, plastic, or thin metal that covers something.DHow does an ecosyslem(生态系统)work? What makes the populations of different species the way they are? Why are there so many flies and so few wolves? Tb find an answer, scientists have built mathematical models of food webs, noting

26、who eats whom and how much each one eats.With such models, scientists have found out some key principles operating in food webs. Most food webs, tbr instance, consist of many weak links rather than a tew strong ones. When a prcdaior(掠食动物) always cats huge numbers of a single prey(猎物),the two species

27、 arc strongly linked; when a predator lives on various species, they are weakly linked. Food webs may he dominated by many weak links because that arrangement is more stable over the long term. If a predator can eat several species, it can survive the extinction of one of them. And if a predator can

28、 move on to another species that is easier (o find when a prey species becomes rare, the switch allows the original prey to recover. The weak links may thus keep species from driving one another to extinction.Mathematical models have also revealed that food webs may be unstable, where small changes

29、of top predators can lead to big effects throughout entire ecosystems. In the 1960s, scientists proposed (hat predators at the top of a food web had a surprising amount of control over the size of populations of other speciesincluding species they did not directly attack.And unplanned human activiti

30、es have proved the idea of top-down control by top predators to be true. In the ocean, we fished for top predators such as cod on an industrial scale, while on land, we killed off large predators such as wolves. These actions have greatly affected the ecological balance.Scientists have built an earl

31、y-warning system based on mathematical models. Ideally, the system would tell us when to adapt human activities that are pushing an ecosystem toward a breakdown or would even allow us to pull an ecosystem back from the borderline. Prevention is key, scientists say because once ecosystems pass their

32、tipping point。临界点)，it is remarkably difficult for them to return.12. What have scientists discovered with the help of mathematical models of food webs?A. The living habits of species in food webs.B. The rules governing food webs of the ecosystems.C. The approaches (o studying the species in the ecos

33、ystems.D. The differences between weak and strong links in food webs.13. A strong link is found between two species when a predator.A. has a wide food choiceB. can easily find new preyC. sticks to one prey speciesD. can quickly move to another place14. What will happen if the populations of top pred

34、ators in a food web greatly decline?A. The prey species they directly attack will die out.B. The species they indirectly attack will turn into top predators.C. The living environment of other species will remain unchanged.D. The populations of other species will experience unexpected changes.15. How

35、 does an early-warning system help us maintain the ecological balance?A. By getting illegal practices under control.B. By stopping us from killing large predators.C. By bringing the broken-down ecosystems back to normal.D. By signaling the urgent need for taking preventive action. 第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满

36、分12. 5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 One of my earliest memories was watching my mom talk on our old phone. I was fascinated that she could talk to someone who wasnt actually in the room with her. 16 I was wondering how she managedto talk with someone she couldnt see.17 Later, we had mo

37、bile phones that could be carried around the room. Then came computers and smart phones. These days I can send an e-mail around the world in a second. My daughters smart phone has a hundred apps and a dozen social media accounts. She stores all of her information in a mysterious place known as the c

38、loud, where she can take it out at any time. It seems that we are more connected in this world than ever before.18 Few take the time to talk face to face. Instead of looking into the eyes of our loved ones,we stare at our screens. It seems as if the most connected generations are also the loneliest.

39、Dont let technology take our time and ruin our life. Make the time to meet, to pray and to communicate with each other. Take a walk on the beach with a friend. Have a long conversation with the phones off and the hearts on. 19Remember that we are here to love each other, help each other and make thi

40、s world a better place. 20 But when it cant, turn it off.A. That was a long time ago.B. Connect offline well as online.C. Smart phones have both advantages and disadvantages.D. We should communicate with each other with phones off.E. When your technology can help to do these things, then use it.F. H

41、owever, what bothers me is that we rarely associate with each other nowadays.G. When she left the room, I slowly walked over to the phone and stared at it for a while.第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项。I took an airplane （o Beijing in February.

42、Ahead of me （o my right, a kid was 21I went up to a woman. She had in her arms a kid that 22 clying. I told the mother that the kid needed to be walked and then she would 23 and sleep. I knew this because I am a father of four 24 children. The woman said she was too tired as she had been up the whol

43、e night before. I 25 to walk the kid so she could get some sleep.As I took the kid in my arms, I 26 her for the kids name and age. I then started 27 walking up to the front of the economy section. The kid immediately fell to sleep. When I got back to the mothers 28 I found her fast asleep. I kept wa

44、lking for over three hours and walked slowly up and down. Since it was a nearly 13-hour flight, I walked a quarter of the whole journey29 a kid.Women on board would 3。me during my long walk, wanting to see the kid. One woman asked me some questions like How many 31 do youhavc? Four, I said. She look

45、ed closely at my wrinkled（有皱纹的）face and white hair （I was almost 60） and said, Well, i hope this is your last one. She thought I was the kids 32I just 33 and walked on.When I was back to the mother, the mother 34 I gave her kid back to her, who 35 sound asleep.21. A. singingB. talkingC. sleepingD.cr

46、ying22. A. keptB. startedC. practisedD.hated23. A. break downB. go aheadC. settle downD.set off24. A. grownB. powerfulC. curiousD.slim25. A. deservedB. offeredC. pretendedD.agreed26. A. requestedB. commandedC. askedD.consulted27. A. slowlyB. quicklyC. calmlyD.strongly28. A. homeB. seatC. sectionD.ro

47、om29. A. watchingB. carryingC. trickingD.seeking30. A. spotB. remindC. stopD.award31. A. customersB. passengersC. membersD.children32. A. motherB. teacherC. fatherD.nurse33. A. refusedB. smiledC. apologisedD. signed34. A. wokeB. leftC. wanderedD. shouted35. A. turnedB. fellC. remainedD. looked第二节(共1

48、0小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入I个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Many cities have live music in their parks during the summer. But theres a park in Denmark 36 people can hear music all year round not on a stage but among the trees.As part of 37 art project for public in Aalborg, trees in the Park of Music host the music once38(perform) by musicians at the nearby cultural center. It all started in the 1980s when the city asked visiting musicians to plant a tree 39 a