2022-2023学年北京市密云区高一上学期期末英语试题（解析版）.docx

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1、北京市密云区2022-2023学年第一学期期末考试高一英语试卷考生须知：1.本试卷分卷1（70分），卷H（30分），共8页，100分。2 .本试卷考试时间90分钟。3 .考生务必在答题卡指定区域按要求作答，客观题请用2B铅笔，主观题请用黑色签字笔，在试卷上作答无效。第I卷（共70分）第一部分知识运用（共两节，共30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题;每小题1. 5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Ever since I was very young, afraid of making mistakes, Ive asked c

2、ountless times “What should I do?”However, during my high school years, I 1. Maybe it was when I decided to try for the lead in Beauty andthe Beast. I would have to memorize lines and movements, but I took the chance that I might fail. On the day of practice, my heart was pounding; my hands were 2 b

3、adly when I got up to sing. But when I opened my mouth, the sound was loud and 3, I reached for the high notes that sometimes were beyond my reach, which made mevery 4.1 was trying to do my best even though I might fail. I realised that if I wanted to live life to the fullest,I had to take 5.Now, I

4、do take these chances, with baby steps every day, voicing my opinions in class discussions or debates and riding my b汰e for exercise.Three years ago, I broke my back when I fell from my bike. The 6 stopped me from trying out for basketball. But I didnt give up. The first day my doctor 7 me to do any

5、 physical activity, I started running with my mom. No stop-watches. No cheering crowds. I didnt make the basketball team, but I didnt fail, either.I have finally learned to 8 myself, like taking a tough science course. And I have come to realise that even though my parents, friends and teachers dont

6、 always have the 9 to “What should I do?”, they will be there to 10 me when I try.1. A. survivedB. learnedC. quittedD. changed2. A. hurtingB. shakingC. sufferingD. struggling3. A. powerfulB. gentleC. weakD. distant4. A. nervousB. panicC. delightedD. worriedor not.An increasing number of people, espe

7、cially young white-collar workers, are addicted to their smartphones rather than face-to-face communications, thanks to the extensive WiFi coverage across the country. That justifies Wangs disagreement to the offering of WiFi on high-speed trains, because they shouldnt depend on high-tech devices. I

8、t is also obvious that passengers on trains without free WiFi will use their smartphones and other mobile devices less. However, whether the trains should provide a free WiFi service mainly depends on customer demand.In other words, the China Railway Corp has to obey relevant market rules, and provi

9、de technologically possible services to passengers if that is what they want. It cannot tum a blind eye to customers9 wants.Free WiFi, in fact, is already offered on a lot of buses and coaches. This is a natural response to their competition with trains (especially high-speed ones), which are signif

10、icantly faster and safer. The bus companies have been forced to improve their services to survive. So it requires proper guidance, not total “no” on the use, to make up fbr the negative effects of high-end technologies, such as peoples increasing addiction to smartphones.28. Wang Mengshu thought Wif

11、i shouldnt be offered on the rain because it may.A. make the communication signals harmfulB. cause a high cost in keeping trains in good conditionC. help people enjoy the beautiful views throughout a journeyD. prevent passengers being addicted to their smartphones and laptops29. What does the underl

12、ined word justifies“ in Paragraph 2 mean?A. Gives an explanation.B. Offers a response.C. Confirms it incorrect.D. Proves it reasonable.30. The purpose of providing free WiFi on many buses and coaches is to.A. compete for more passengersB. help drivers stay concentratedC. prevent passengers feeling b

13、oredD. encourage passengers to use phones31. What is the authors attitude to saying “no” to free WiFi on the train?A. Positive.B. Negative.C. Objective.D. Supportive.【答案】28.B29. D 30. A 31. C【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了是否应该在高铁上等公共交通工具上提供WiFi这一问题。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段 u Wang Mengshu, an expert at the Chine

14、se Academy of Engineering, said at a group discussion of the annual session of the National People s Congress that WiFi should not be provided on high-speed trains, as it might harm communication signals of trains and would also cost a lot in keeping trains in good condition.（中国工程院专家王梦恕在全国人民代表大会年度会议

15、的小组讨论中表示，不应该在高铁上提供 WiFi,因为它可能会损害列车的通信信号，而且在保持列车良好状态方面也会花费很多。）”可知，高铁上 提供WiFi会使得保持火车的状态成本提高。故选B项。【29题详解】词义猜测题。 根据文章第二段 “An increasing number of people, especially young white-collar workers, are addicted to their smartphones rather than face-to-face communications, thanks to the extensive WiFi coverag

16、e across the country.（由于全国广泛的WiFi覆盖，越来越多的人，尤其是年轻白领，沉迷于智能手机而不是面对面的 交流。）”是王不同意高铁上装 WiFi 的原因之一，故后文 “That justifies Wangs disagreement to the offering of WiFi on high-speed trains, because they shouldnt depend on high-tech devices.（这也就把王不同意在高铁上提供 WiFi这一观点justifies,因为高铁不应该依赖高科技设备。）”应该是对王的观点表示同意，认为王的观点 是合

17、理的、有理有据的。D项“证明其合理”符合句意。故选D项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段 “The bus companies have been forced to improve their services to survive.（为了 生存，公共汽车公司被迫改善服务。）”可知，公共汽车上提供WiFi是为了在市场竞争中生存下来。由此可 以推测出，公共汽车上装WiFi是为了吸引更多的顾客。故选A项。【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段So it requires proper guidance, not total no on the use, to make up fb

18、r the negative effects of high-end technologies, such as peoples increasing addiction to smartphones.（因止匕， 需要适当的 引导，而不是完全不使用，以弥补高端技术的负面影响，比如人们越来越沉迷于智能手机。）”可知，作者 认为不应该完全不使用，而是应该适当引导，不要沉迷于手机。由此可以推测出，作者的态度是客观的、 就事论事的。故选C项。第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Confid

19、ence is at the heart of every successful person and it holds the key to success. Regardless of how knowledgeable you are in your professional field your success will be limited if you lack confidence. Actually, confidence isnt what youre bom with, but something learned over time. 32Know yourself. Ta

20、ke a long look in the mirror and make an honest and accurate judgement of your strengths and weaknesses. Continue to build upon your strengths as this will increase your confidence. 33 We all have areas in our professional and personal lives that need to be improved. 34 Instead, it only holds back y

21、oursuccess and keeps your confidence low.35 Whether you like it or not, people make judgments about you based upon how you dress. You only have one chance to make a good first impression. How you dress directly shows how you feel about yourself. Research shows that you will feel differently about yo

22、urself if you are wearing a business suit or sweat pants and a T-shirt. Therefore, be highly aware of your appearance. Dress in a manner that reflects who you are.Go step by step. You can increase your confidence by seeking out one new challenge at a time. 36 Move on to the next one when one challen

23、ge is successfully achieved. Success builds upon itself, therefore success brings success一all fueled by increased confidence!A. Dress for success.B. Put pressure on yourself.C. Forgetting them does not make them go away.D. Research shows confident people always seek out new challenges.E. Meanwhile,

24、take an effective method toward improving your weaknesses.F. The following are three key tricks you may learn to increase your confidence.G. What you wear will unintentionally show your weaknesses to those around you.【答案】32. F 33. E 34. C 35. A 36. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些建立自信的方法。【32题详解】上文 u Actua

25、lly, confidence isnt what youre born with, but something learned over time.（事实上，自彳言不是与生 俱来的，而是后天习得的。）”提出观点，表示自信是后天习得的；下文每段段首给出学会自信的方法。由 此推出，空处承上启下，需要对后文获得自信的三种方式进行基本的介绍。F项“下面是你可以学习的三个 增加自信的关键技巧。”符合文意。故选F项。【33题详解】上文 “Take a long look in the mirror and make an honest and accurate judgement of your str

26、engths and weaknesses. Continue to build upon your strengths, as this will increase your conRdence.（好好照照镜子，诚实准确地判断自己 的优点和缺点。继续建立你的优势，因为这将增加你的信心。）”作者要求大家要准确地判断自己的优缺点, 并讲解了对于优势需要继续保持，故后文是告诉大家如何应对自己的缺点。E项“同时，采取有效的方法来 改进你的缺点。”符合文意，且weakness为原文复现。故选E项。【34题详解】上文 “We all have areas in our professional and

27、personal lives that need to be improved.（在我们的职业和个人生 活中，我们都有需要改进的地方。）”继续提及改进缺点；Ty；Instead, it only holds back your success and keeps your confidence low.（相反，它只会阻碍你的成功，降低你的信心。）”表示转折，并结合常识可知，改进缺 点不会阻碍成功，由此推测空处应该是在说如何应对缺点反而会阻碍我们成功。C项“忘记它们并不会让它 们消失J符合文意，其中them “它们”代指上文提到的“需要改进的地方”，后文it代指“忘记它们”这 件事。故选C项。【

28、35题详解】该空为本段主旨句。下文 u Whether you like it or not, people make judgments about you based upon how you dress.（不管你喜不喜欢，人们都是根据你的穿着来评价你的。）”提到关键词dress “穿着”，故本段主旨句也 应该与“穿着”相关。A项“穿着对标成功”符合段意。故选A项。【36题详解】上文 “ You can increase your confidence by seeking out one new challenge at a time.（你可 以通过一次寻找一个新 的挑战来增加你的信心。

29、）和下文Move on to the next one when one challenge is successfully achieved.完成一个挑战后继续下一个挑战。）”均提及关键词challenge “挑战”，空处承上启下，也需要提及该关键 词。D项“研究表明自信的人总是寻求新的挑战J符合段意。故选D项。第三节（共4小题;第37、38题各1分，第39题2分，第40题4分，共8分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。There is a saying, An apple a day keeps the doctor away. Although eating properly i

30、s important, being kind to others is also good for your health. Recent studies show that people who do kind acts are more relaxed, happier, and healthier than other people.In one study at Arizona State University, researchers found that many volunteers experienced a sudden feeling of joy, followed b

31、y a long period of calmness, after doing a kind act. This feeling, called “a helpers high”, may actually help reduce stress as the body produces natural painkillers.Stress can cause serious health problems. It can lead to high blood pressure and heart disease and it can also lead to overeating and s

32、leeping problems. However, the study found that volunteers had fewer stress-related health problems when they did helpful things for other people.The study also found that people who did nice things for others felt better about themselves as well. They had higher self-respect, and were happier. Many

33、 believe this is because volunteers spend more of their time with other people. People who are more outgoing are often healthier.Another study at the University of Michigans Survey Research Center confirmed the health benefits of volunteering. A ten-year study of 2,700 men in Michigan showed that pe

34、ople who volunteered lived longer than those who didnt. Although you shouldnt need a reason to be helpful, it is nice to know that kindness may help you livelonger.37. According to Paragraph 1, what do recent studies show?38. According to the passage, what serious health problems can stress cause?39

35、. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.When volunteers did helpful things for other people, they had fewer stress-related health problems felt better about others and respected others more.40. Besides the benefits mentioned in this passage,

36、what do you think are some other benefits of volunteering? Why? （In about 40 words）答案】37. Recent studies show that those who are ready to help others are happier and healthier.38. Stress can not only lead to/contribute to/cause high blood pressure and heart disease, but it also relates to overeating

37、 and sleeping problems.39. When volunteers did helpful things for other people, they had fewer stress-related health problems, felt better about otheis and respected others more. Because the study also found that people willing to help others out felt better about themselves and develop higher self-

38、respect.40. Volunteering builds up your social skills. While volunteering, you can meet people of different personalities. You must constantly adjust and update your social skills to get tasks done. Through these experiences, you can truly understand to how to work with anyone.【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要论证

39、了善意行为对人们健康的好处。【37题详解】考查细节理解。根据文章第段内容 “Recent studies show that people who do kind acts are more relaxed, happier, and healthier than other people.（近期的一些研究表明，乐善好施的人往往生活更惬意、更快乐并且更健康）” 可知，经常乐于助人的人生活更安乐，身体也更健康。故答案为Recent studies show that those who are ready to help others are happier and healthier.【38题

40、详解】考查细节理解。根据第三段 “It can lead to high blood pressure and heart disease, and it can also lead to overeating and sleeping problems.（压力可能导致高血压、心脏病。它是暴饮暴食和睡眠问题的诱因）”可知，压力可能 导致心脏病、高血压，同时也会诱发过度肥胖及睡眠方面的亚健康状态，故答案为Stress can not only lead to/contribute to/cause high blood pressure and heart disease, but it als

41、o relates to overeating and sleeping problems o 【39题详解】考查细节理用单。When volunteers did helpful things for other people, they had fewer stress-related health problems, felt better aboul others and respected others more.木艮据第四段 “ The study also found that people who did nice things for others felt better a

42、bout themselves as well. They had higher self-respect, and were happier.（该工页研究还发现, 乐于助人的人往往自我满意度更高，而且自尊心更强，更健康）”可知，乐于助人的人通过志愿服务，能够 培养更健康的心理，向内修行，更懂得自尊再爱，且自我感觉更好。故答案为Because the study also found that people willing to help others out felt better about themselves and develop higher self-respecto【40题详解

43、】开放性试题。 Volunteering builds up your social skills. While volunteering, you can meet people of different personalities. You must constantly adjust and update your social skills to get tasks done. Through these experiences, you can truly understand to how to work with anyone.第II卷供30分）第一部分基础知识（共10分）第一节

44、（共5小题;每小题0. 5分，共2. 5分）根据句意及所给单词首字母和汉语提示拼写出该单词的正确形式。请将答案完整地书写在答 题卡相应题号后的横线上。41. The a（目 标）of Earth Day is to raise public awareness about environmental protection.（根据中英文提 示填空）【答案】aim#im【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：地球日的目的是提高公众对环境保护的认识。由汉语提示和首字母可知，此处 “目标”应用名词aim,作主语，且由系动词is可知，主语aim应用单数。故填aim。42. Beijing is the firs

45、t city to h（主办）the Summer Olympics and Winter Olympics.（根据中英文提示填 空）【答案】host#ost【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：北京是第一个同时举办夏季奥运会和冬季奥运会的城市。名词前city有序数词 the first修饰，需要填不定式作定语，根据首字母以及句意“主办”，可知此处应填动词host和空格前的to构 成不定式作名词city的定语。故填hosto43. Teachers make efforts to i（鼓励）all students to listen attentively and think creatively

46、.（根据中英文提 示填空）【答案】inspire#nspire【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：老师努力鼓励所有学生要认真听讲和创造性地思考。固定短语make efforts to do sth.表示“努力做某事”，故空处需要填动词原形；根据中英文提示，故填inspire。44. Eating zongzi and holding dragon boat races are t（传统的）activities of celebrating the Dragon Boat Festival.（根据中英文提示填空）【答案】traditional#raditional【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：吃

47、粽子和赛龙舟都是庆祝端午节的传统活动。根据中文提示可知，空处需要 填形容词作定语，修饰空后名词activities；根据中英文提示，故填traditional。45. Xiao Ming would like to w（挥手）hands to show his delight of completing the race of 42.195 kilometers in Beijing Marathon on November 6th in 2022.（根据中英文提示填空）【答案】wave#ave【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：小明在2022年11月6日完成了北京马拉松42195公里的比赛，他想

48、挥手表达自 己的喜悦。固定短语would like后接to do不定式，故空处需要填动词原型；表示“挥手”为wave。故填waveo第二节（共5小题;每小题0.5分，共2. 5分）根据句意，将句中黑体部分单词翻译成汉语。46. With strong education background, I am capable and competent in my job.47. Our school often organises many group activities to help us develop team spirit.48. Three years ago, Zhang Tian graduated from university with high marks and became a volunteer teacher in a village school.49. After entering the senior secondary school, Li Hua made friends with his classmates who had the same personality and interest.50. The 2022 Qatar World